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Daten & Fakten

Flagge: Großbritannien Großbritannien
Flagge: Hong Kong S.A.R., China Hong Kong S.A.R., China
Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien
Capital

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

name: London

geographic coordinates: 51 30 N, 0 05 W

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

time zone note: the time statements apply to the United Kingdom proper, not to its crown dependencies or overseas territories

etymology: the name derives from the Roman settlement of Londinium, established on the current site of London around A.D. 43; the original meaning of the name is uncertain

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

name: Brasília

geographic coordinates: 15 47 S, 47 55 W

time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

time zone note: Brazil has four time zones, including one for the Fernando de Noronha Islands

etymology: name bestowed on the new capital of Brazil upon its inauguration in 1960; previous Brazilian capitals had been Salvador from 1549 to 1763 and Rio de Janeiro from 1763 to 1960
Citizenship

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the United Kingdom

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

see China

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 4 years

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

presidential limited democracy; a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China
Legal system

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

common law system; has nonbinding judicial review of Acts of Parliament under the Human Rights Act of 1998

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

mixed legal system of common law based on the English model and Chinese customary law (in matters of family and land tenure)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

civil law; note - a new civil law code was enacted in 2002 replacing the 1916 code
Suffrage

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

18 years of age; universal

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

18 years of age in direct elections for half of the Legislative Council seats and all of the seats in 18 district councils; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past 7 years; note - in indirect elections, suffrage is limited to about 220,000 members of functional constituencies for the other half of the legislature and a 1,200-member election committee for the chief executive drawn from broad sectoral groupings, central government bodies, municipal organizations, and elected Hong Kong officials

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

voluntary between 16 to 18 years of age, over 70, and if illiterate; compulsory between 18 to 70 years of age; note - military conscripts by law cannot vote
Area

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 243,610 sq km

land: 241,930 sq km

water: 1,680 sq km

note 1: the percentage area breakdown of the four UK countries is: England 53%, Scotland 32%, Wales 9%, and Northern Ireland 6%

note 2: includes Rockall and the Shetland Islands, which are part of Scotland

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

total: 1,108 sq km land: 1,073 sq km water: 35 sq km

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total: 8,515,770 sq km

land: 8,358,140 sq km

water: 157,630 sq km

note: includes Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas, Ilha da Trindade, Ilhas Martin Vaz, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
Land use

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

agricultural land: 71% (2018 est.)

arable land: 25.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 45.7% (2018 est.)

forest: 11.9% (2018 est.)

other: 17.1% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

agricultural land: 5% (2011 est.) arable land: 3.2% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 0.9% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 0.9% (2011 est.) forest: 0% (2011 est.) other: 95% (2011 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

agricultural land: 32.9% (2018 est.)

arable land: 8.6% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 23.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 61.9% (2018 est.)

other: 5.2% (2018 est.)
Location

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

Western Europe, islands - including the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland - between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea; northwest of France

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean
Age structure

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

0-14 years: 16.91% (male 5,901,611/female 5,620,070)

15-64 years: 64.03% (male 21,997,962/female 21,628,742)

65 years and over: 19.06% (2023 est.) (male 5,953,187/female 7,036,912)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0-14 years: 12.38% (male 471,983 /female 420,977) 15-24 years: 9.89% (male 372,991 /female 340,221) 25-54 years: 43.96% (male 1,354,676 /female 1,816,303) 55-64 years: 16.64% (male 571,329 /female 628,774) 65 years and over: 17.14% (male 580,248 /female 655,836) (2018 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

0-14 years: 19.77% (male 22,084,172/female 21,148,290)

15-64 years: 69.72% (male 75,612,047/female 76,853,504)

65 years and over: 10.51% (2023 est.) (male 9,848,975/female 13,142,769)
Birth rate

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

10.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

8.8 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

13.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

7.60

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

6.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

English

note: the following are recognized regional languages: Scots (about 30% of the population of Scotland), Scottish Gaelic (about 60,000 speakers in Scotland), Welsh (about 20% of the population of Wales), Irish (about 10% of the population of Northern Ireland), Cornish (some 2,000 to 3,000 people in Cornwall) (2012 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

Cantonese (official) 88.9%, English (official) 4.3%, Mandarin (official) 1.9%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 1.9% (2016 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

Portuguese (official and most widely spoken language); note - less common languages include Spanish (border areas and schools), German, Italian, Japanese, English, and a large number of minor Amerindian languages

major-language sample(s):
O Livro de Fatos Mundiais, a fonte indispensável para informação básica. (Brazilian Portuguese)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total population: 82.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 80 years

female: 84.2 years

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

83.10

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total population: 76.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 72.6 years

female: 79.8 years
Major urban areas - population

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.648 million LONDON (capital), 2.791 million Manchester, 2.665 million Birmingham, 1.929 million West Yorkshire, 1.698 million Glasgow, 952,000 Southampton/Portsmouth (2023)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

7.429 million Hong Kong (2018)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

22.620 million São Paulo, 13.728 million Rio de Janeiro, 6.248 million Belo Horizonte, 4.873 million BRASÍLIA (capital), 4.264 million Recife, 4.212 million Porto Alegre (2023)
Median age

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 40.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 39.9 years

female: 41.4 years

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

total: 44.8 years male: 43.7 years female: 45.5 years (2018 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total: 34.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 33.6 years

female: 35.7 years
Mother's mean age at first birth

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

29 years (2018 est.)

note: data represents England and Wales only

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

29.8 years (2008 est.)
Net migration rate

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

the core of the population lies in and around London, with significant clusters found in central Britain around Manchester and Liverpool, in the Scottish lowlands between Edinburgh and Glasgow, southern Wales in and around Cardiff, and far eastern Northern Ireland centered on Belfast

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

population fairly evenly distributed

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

the vast majority of people live along, or relatively near, the Atlantic coast in the east; the population core is in the southeast, anchored by the cities of São Paolo, Brasília, and Rio de Janeiro
Population growth rate

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

0.49% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0.29% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

0.64% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

1.63 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1.2 children born/woman (2018 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

1.75 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

urban population: 84.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.8% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

rate of urbanization: 0.82% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

urban population: 87.8% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.87% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

5.5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3.30

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

6% of GDP (2019 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 17 years

male: 17 years

female: 18 years (2020)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

female: 16 years (2014)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total: 16 years

male: 15 years

female: 16 years (2020)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3.80

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

26.60
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

-1.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

5.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

-1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$455,900,000,000
Industrial production growth rate

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.12% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1.70

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

4.48% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

8.7

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$61,500

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3,965,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3.10
Labor force

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

34.637 million (2021 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3,965,000

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

99.47 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

18.6% (2017 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

19.9% (2016 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

4.2% (2016 est.)

note: approximately 4% of the population are below the "extreme" poverty line
Unemployment rate

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

4.53% (2021 est.)

4.47% (2020 est.)

3.74% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3.1% (2017 est.) 3.4% (2016 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

14.4% (2021 est.)

13.69% (2020 est.)

11.93% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

total: 8.7% male: 9.3% female: 8.2% (2017 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0.10
Public debt

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

195.39% of GDP (2020 est.)

160.02% of GDP (2019 est.)

157.8% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0.10

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

100.59% of GDP (2020 est.)

92.57% of GDP (2019 est.)

86.61% of GDP (2018 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1.50
Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

2.52% (2021 est.)

0.99% (2020 est.)

1.74% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1.50

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

8.3% (2021 est.)

3.21% (2020 est.)

3.73% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1.75

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1.75

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$537,800,000,000
Exports

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

$874.5 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$791.7 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$893.1 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$537,800,000,000

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

$317.175 billion (2021 est.)

$239.283 billion (2020 est.)

$260.075 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
Exports - partners

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

United States 13%, Germany 9%, Netherlands 8%, Ireland 7%, Switzerland 6% (2021)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

China 54.1%, US 7.7% (2017)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

China 28%, United States 13% (2019)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$561,800,000,000
Imports

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

$898.719 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$783.438 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$939.349 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$561,800,000,000

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

$297.924 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$227.854 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$269.017 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

China 13%, Germany 11%, United States 8%, Netherlands 6%, Norway 5% (2021)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

China 44.6%, Singapore 6.4%, Japan 6.1%, South Korea 5.5%, US 5.2% (2017)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

China 21%, United States 18%, Germany 6%, Argentina 6% (2019)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$2,200,000,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$2,036,000,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$2.036 trillion (31 December 2017 est.) $1.538 trillion (31 December 2016 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

$2,200,000,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

35,970,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

41,840,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1,205,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

11,620,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2017 est.

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2015 est.

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2015 est.

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2017 est.

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2017 est.

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3,370,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

4,266,837

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

18,340,347

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

6,066,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2,645,752

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2,107
Airports

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

460 (2021)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

4,093 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 27,330,297 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

total: 2,645,752 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2017 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total: 36,344,670 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

41,840,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

1,205,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

11,620,000,000

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

35,970,000,000
Internet users

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 64.99 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 97% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

total: 6.066 million (July 2016 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total: 170.1 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 81% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

3.37 billion cu m (2017 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

0 cu m (2017 est.)
Railways

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 16,390 km (2020) 6,167 km electrified

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total: 29,849.9 km (2014)

standard gauge: 194 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge: 23,341.6 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge (24 km electrified)

broad gauge: 5,822.3 km (2014) 1.600-m gauge (498.3 km electrified)

dual gauge: 492 km (2014) 1.600-1.000-m gauge
Roadways

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 394,428 km (2009)

paved: 394,428 km (2009) (includes 3,519 km of expressways)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

2,107

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total: 2 million km (2018)

paved: 246,000 km (2018)

unpaved: 1.754 million km (2018)
Telephones - fixed lines

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total subscriptions: 33 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

total subscriptions: 4,266,837 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2017 est.)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total subscriptions: 28,883,475 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total subscriptions: 80 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

18,340,347

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

total subscriptions: 219,660,524 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 102 (2021 est.)
Waterways

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

3,200 km (2009) (620 km used for commerce)

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

50,000 km (2012) (most in areas remote from industry and population)
Disputes - international

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

UK-Argentina: UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

UK-Argentina-Chile: the UK’s territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim

UK-Denmark: the UK, Iceland, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Iceland, Norway, and the Faroe Islands signed an agreement in 2019 extending the Faroe Islands’ northern continental shelf area

UK (Gibraltar)-Spain: in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement between the UK and Spain; the Government of Gibraltar insisted on equal participation in talks between the two countries; Spain disapproved of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; London and Madrid reached a temporary agreement at the end of 2020 that allowed Gibraltar to be part of the passport-free Schengen zone; talks are expected to continue in 2022

UK-Mauritius-Seychelles: Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory); in 2001, the former inhabitants of the archipelago, evicted 1967 - 1973, were granted UK citizenship and the right of return, followed by Orders in Council in 2004 that banned rehabitation, a High Court ruling reversed the ban, a Court of Appeal refusal to hear the case, and a Law Lords' decision in 2008 denied the right of return; in addition, the UK created the world's largest marine protection area around the Chagos Islands prohibiting the extraction of any natural resources therein

Flagge: Hongkong Hongkong

Hong Kong plans to reduce its 2,800-hectare Frontier Closed Area (FCA) to 400 hectares by 2015; the FCA was established in 1951 as a buffer zone between Hong Kong and mainland China to prevent illegal migration from and the smuggling of goods

Flagge: Brasilien Brasilien

Brazil-Bolivia: the Roboré Accord of March 29, 1958 placed the long-disputed Isla Suárez/Ilha de Guajará-Mirim, a fluvial island on the Río Mamoré, between the two towns of Guajará-Mirim (Brazil) and Guayaramerin (Bolivia), under Bolivian administration but did not resolve the sovereignty dispute

Brazil-Colombia:
contraband smuggling (narcotics and arms), illegal migration, trafficking in animals, plants, lumber, illegal exploitation of mineral resources, and incursions by Colombian insurgent/narco-terrorists groups in the area remain problematic issues

Brazil-Uruguay:
the uncontested boundary dispute between Brazil and Uruguay over Arroyo de la Invernada triangle and sovereignty over Isla Brasilera leaves the tripoint with Argentina in question; smuggling of firearms and narcotics continues to be an issue along the Uruguay-Brazil border

Brazil-Venezuela: Colombian-organized illegal narcotics and paramilitary activities penetrate Brazil's border region with Venezuela

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