Daten & Fakten
Tansania
Republik Moldau
Venezuela
Capital
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
name: Dodoma; note - Dodoma was designated the national capital in 1996; Dar es Salaam, the original national capital, is the country's largest city and commercial center
geographic coordinates: 6 48 S, 39 17 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Dodoma, in the native Gogo language, means "it has sunk"; supposedly, one day during the rainy season, an elephant drowned in the area; the villagers in that place were so struck by what had occurred, that ever since the locale has been referred to as the place where "it (the elephant) sunk"
geographic coordinates: 6 48 S, 39 17 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Dodoma, in the native Gogo language, means "it has sunk"; supposedly, one day during the rainy season, an elephant drowned in the area; the villagers in that place were so struck by what had occurred, that ever since the locale has been referred to as the place where "it (the elephant) sunk"
Republik Moldau
name: Chisinau in Romanian (Kishinev in Russian)
geographic coordinates: 47 00 N, 28 51 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: origin unclear but may derive from the archaic Romanian word chisla ("spring" or "water source") and noua ("new") because the original settlement was built at the site of a small spring
note: pronounced KEE-shee-now (KIH-shi-nyov)
geographic coordinates: 47 00 N, 28 51 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: origin unclear but may derive from the archaic Romanian word chisla ("spring" or "water source") and noua ("new") because the original settlement was built at the site of a small spring
note: pronounced KEE-shee-now (KIH-shi-nyov)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
name: Caracas
geographic coordinates: 10 29 N, 66 52 W
time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: named for the native Caracas tribe that originally settled in the city's valley site near the Caribbean coast
geographic coordinates: 10 29 N, 66 52 W
time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: named for the native Caracas tribe that originally settled in the city's valley site near the Caribbean coast
Citizenship
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tanzania; if a child is born abroad, the father must be a citizen of Tanzania
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tanzania; if a child is born abroad, the father must be a citizen of Tanzania
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Republik Moldau
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Moldova
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Moldova
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years; reduced to five years in the case of applicants from Spain, Portugal, Italy, or a Latin American or Caribbean country
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years; reduced to five years in the case of applicants from Spain, Portugal, Italy, or a Latin American or Caribbean country
Legal system
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation
Republik Moldau
civil law system with Germanic law influences; Constitutional Court review of legislative acts
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
civil law system based on the Spanish civil code
Suffrage
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
18 years of age; universal
Republik Moldau
18 years of age; universal
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
18 years of age; universal
Area
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total: 947,300 sq km
land: 885,800 sq km
water: 61,500 sq km
note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar
land: 885,800 sq km
water: 61,500 sq km
note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar
Republik Moldau
total: 33,851 sq km
land: 32,891 sq km
water: 960 sq km
land: 32,891 sq km
water: 960 sq km
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total: 912,050 sq km
land: 882,050 sq km
water: 30,000 sq km
land: 882,050 sq km
water: 30,000 sq km
Land use
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
agricultural land: 43.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 14.3% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 2.3% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 27.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 37.3% (2018 est.)
other: 19% (2018 est.)
arable land: 14.3% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 2.3% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 27.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 37.3% (2018 est.)
other: 19% (2018 est.)
Republik Moldau
agricultural land: 74.9% (2018 est.)
arable land: 55.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 9.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 10.7% (2018 est.)
forest: 11.9% (2018 est.)
other: 13.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 55.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 9.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 10.7% (2018 est.)
forest: 11.9% (2018 est.)
other: 13.2% (2018 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
agricultural land: 24.5% (2018 est.)
arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 20.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 52.1% (2018 est.)
other: 23.4% (2018 est.)
arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 20.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 52.1% (2018 est.)
other: 23.4% (2018 est.)
Location
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique
Republik Moldau
Eastern Europe, northeast of Romania
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, between Colombia and Guyana
Age structure
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
0-14 years: 41.5% (male 13,765,789/female 13,475,555)
15-64 years: 55.15% (male 18,076,988/female 18,123,677)
65 years and over: 3.35% (2023 est.) (male 933,786/female 1,266,887)
15-64 years: 55.15% (male 18,076,988/female 18,123,677)
65 years and over: 3.35% (2023 est.) (male 933,786/female 1,266,887)
Republik Moldau
0-14 years: 18.01% (male 301,432/female 284,034)
15-64 years: 66.37% (male 1,087,397/female 1,069,902)
65 years and over: 15.62% (2023 est.) (male 203,889/female 303,878)
15-64 years: 66.37% (male 1,087,397/female 1,069,902)
65 years and over: 15.62% (2023 est.) (male 203,889/female 303,878)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
0-14 years: 25.13% (male 3,920,774/female 3,748,241)
15-64 years: 65.98% (male 10,029,127/female 10,105,332)
65 years and over: 8.9% (2023 est.) (male 1,239,205/female 1,475,581)
15-64 years: 65.98% (male 10,029,127/female 10,105,332)
65 years and over: 8.9% (2023 est.) (male 1,239,205/female 1,475,581)
Birth rate
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
32.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Republik Moldau
8.6 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
17 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Republik Moldau
14.4 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguja (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages; note - Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources including Arabic and English; it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages
major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, Chanzo cha Lazima Kuhusu Habari ya Msingi. (Kiswahili)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, Chanzo cha Lazima Kuhusu Habari ya Msingi. (Kiswahili)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Republik Moldau
Moldovan/Romanian 80.2% (official) (56.7% identify their mother tongue as Moldovan, which is virtually the same as Romanian; 23.5% identify Romanian as their mother tongue), Russian 9.7%, Gagauz 4.2% (a Turkish language), Ukrainian 3.9%, Bulgarian 1.5%, Romani 0.3%, other 0.2% (2014 est.); note - data represent mother tongue; as of March 2023, Romanian replaced Moldovan as the name of Moldova's official language
major-language sample(s):
Cartea informativa a lumii, sursa indispensabila pentru informatii de baza. (Moldovan/Romanian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
Cartea informativa a lumii, sursa indispensabila pentru informatii de baza. (Moldovan/Romanian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
Spanish (official), numerous indigenous dialects
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total population: 70.5 years (2023 est.)
male: 68.7 years
female: 72.3 years
male: 68.7 years
female: 72.3 years
Republik Moldau
total population: 69.7 years (2023 est.)
male: 65.8 years
female: 73.9 years
male: 65.8 years
female: 73.9 years
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total population: 74.3 years (2023 est.)
male: 71.2 years
female: 77.5 years
male: 71.2 years
female: 77.5 years
Major urban areas - population
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
262,000 Dodoma (legislative capital) (2018), 7.776 million DAR ES SALAAM (administrative capital), 1.311 million Mwanza, 800,000 Zanzibar (2023)
Republik Moldau
488,000 CHISINAU (capital) (2023)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
2.972 million CARACAS (capital), 2.368 million Maracaibo, 1.983 million Valencia, 1.254 million Barquisimeto, 1.243 million Maracay, 964,000 Ciudad Guayana (2023)
Median age
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total: 18.9 years (2023 est.)
male: 18.7 years
female: 19.2 years
male: 18.7 years
female: 19.2 years
Republik Moldau
total: 39.4 years (2023 est.)
male: 38.1 years
female: 40.8 years
male: 38.1 years
female: 40.8 years
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total: 30.8 years (2023 est.)
male: 30.1 years
female: 31.5 years
male: 30.1 years
female: 31.5 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
19.8 years (2015/16 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
Republik Moldau
25.2 years (2019 est.)
Net migration rate
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Republik Moldau
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
13.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
the largest and most populous East African country; population distribution is extremely uneven, but greater population clusters occur in the northern half of country and along the east coast as shown in this population distribution map
Republik Moldau
pockets of agglomeration exist throughout the country, the largest being in the center of the country around the capital of Chisinau, followed by Tiraspol and Balti
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
most of the population is concentrated in the northern and western highlands along an eastern spur at the northern end of the Andes, an area that includes the capital of Caracas
Population growth rate
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
2.75% (2023 est.)
Republik Moldau
-0.58% (2023 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
2.4% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
4.33 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Republik Moldau
1.25 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
2.2 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
urban population: 37.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 4.89% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 4.89% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Republik Moldau
urban population: 43.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.09% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 0.09% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
urban population: 88.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.16% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.16% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
3.3% of GDP (2021 est.)
Republik Moldau
6.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
1.3% of GDP (2017 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total: 9 years
male: 9 years
female: 9 years (2021)
male: 9 years
female: 9 years (2021)
Republik Moldau
total: 14 years
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2021)
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2021)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
-1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Republik Moldau
-0.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
-46.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
6.5% (2021 est.)
Republik Moldau
-0.67% (2021 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
-2% (2017 est.)
Labor force
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
29.863 million (2021 est.)
Republik Moldau
810,000 (2021 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
10.245 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
26.4% (2017 est.)
Republik Moldau
7.3% (2018 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
33.1% (2015 est.)
Unemployment rate
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
2.65% (2021 est.)
2.53% (2020 est.)
2.22% (2019 est.)
2.53% (2020 est.)
2.22% (2019 est.)
Republik Moldau
3.96% (2021 est.)
3.82% (2020 est.)
5.1% (2019 est.)
3.82% (2020 est.)
5.1% (2019 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
6.41% (2021 est.)
6.63% (2020 est.)
5.1% (2019 est.)
6.63% (2020 est.)
5.1% (2019 est.)
Public debt
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
37% of GDP (2017 est.)
38% of GDP (2016 est.)
38% of GDP (2016 est.)
Republik Moldau
33.01% of GDP (2020 est.)
24.95% of GDP (2019 est.)
27.02% of GDP (2018 est.)
24.95% of GDP (2019 est.)
27.02% of GDP (2018 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
38.9% of GDP (2017 est.)
31.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: data cover central government debt, as well as the debt of state-owned oil company PDVSA; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include some debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; some debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions
31.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: data cover central government debt, as well as the debt of state-owned oil company PDVSA; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include some debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; some debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
3.69% (2021 est.)
3.29% (2020 est.)
3.46% (2019 est.)
3.29% (2020 est.)
3.46% (2019 est.)
Republik Moldau
5.11% (2021 est.)
3.77% (2020 est.)
4.84% (2019 est.)
3.77% (2020 est.)
4.84% (2019 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
146,101.7% (2019 est.)
45,518.1% (2018 est.)
416.8% (2017 est.)
45,518.1% (2018 est.)
416.8% (2017 est.)
Exports
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
$8.555 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$9.659 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$8.307 billion (2018 est.)
$9.659 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$8.307 billion (2018 est.)
Republik Moldau
$4.197 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$3.222 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$3.662 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$3.222 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$3.662 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
$83.401 billion (2018 est.)
$93.485 billion (2017 est.)
$93.485 billion (2017 est.)
Exports - partners
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
India 15%, United Arab Emirates 15%, Switzerland 14%, Uganda 12%, China 7% (2020)
Republik Moldau
Romania 27%, Russia 9%, Italy 9%, Germany 9%, Turkey 6%, Poland 5% (2019)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
India 34%, China 28%, United States 12%, Spain 6% (2019)
Imports
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
$9.181 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$10.576 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$10.399 billion (2018 est.)
$10.576 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$10.399 billion (2018 est.)
Republik Moldau
$7.915 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$5.918 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$6.608 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$5.918 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$6.608 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
$18.432 billion (2018 est.)
$18.376 billion (2017 est.)
$18.376 billion (2017 est.)
Imports - partners
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
China 34%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 14%, India 12%, United Arab Emirates 6%, South Africa 3% (2020)
Republik Moldau
Romania 20%, Russia 10%, Ukraine 9%, Germany 8%, China 7%, Turkey 6%, Italy 6% (2019)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
China 28%, United States 22%, Brazil 8%, Spain 6%, Mexico 6% (2019)
Airports
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
166 (2021)
Republik Moldau
7 (2021)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
444 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total: 1,135,608 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est.)
Republik Moldau
total: 719,001 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2020 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total: 2,561,556 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total: 20.48 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 32% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 32% (2021 est.)
Republik Moldau
total: 1.891 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 61% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 61% (2021 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total: 22,734,162 (2022 est.)
percent of population: 78.7% (2022 est.)
percent of population: 78.7% (2022 est.)
Railways
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total: 4,097 km (2022)
standard gauge: 421 km (2022)
narrow gauge: 969 km (2022) 1.067 m gauge
broad gauge: 2,707 km (2022) 1.000 m guage
standard gauge: 421 km (2022)
narrow gauge: 969 km (2022) 1.067 m gauge
broad gauge: 2,707 km (2022) 1.000 m guage
Republik Moldau
total: 1,171 km (2014)
standard gauge: 14 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
broad gauge: 1,157 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge
standard gauge: 14 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
broad gauge: 1,157 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total: 447 km (2014)
standard gauge: 447 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (41.4 km electrified)
standard gauge: 447 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (41.4 km electrified)
Roadways
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total: 145,203 km (2022)
paved: 11,201 km (2022)
unpaved: 134,002 km (2022)
paved: 11,201 km (2022)
unpaved: 134,002 km (2022)
Republik Moldau
total: 9,352 km (2012)
paved: 8,835 km (2012)
unpaved: 517 km (2012)
paved: 8,835 km (2012)
unpaved: 517 km (2012)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total: 96,189 km (2014)
Telephones - fixed lines
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total subscriptions: 72,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
Republik Moldau
total subscriptions: 1,000,228 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (2021 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total subscriptions: 3.2 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
total subscriptions: 54 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 85 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 85 (2021 est.)
Republik Moldau
total subscriptions: 3,900,179 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2021 est.)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
total subscriptions: 17 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 60 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 60 (2021 est.)
Waterways
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
1,594 km (2022) (Lake Tanganyika 673 km, Lake Victoria 337 km, and Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) 584 km are the principal avenues of commerce with neighboring countries; the rivers are not navigable)
Republik Moldau
558 km (2011) (in public use on Danube, Dniester and Prut Rivers)
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
7,100 km (2011) (Orinoco River (400 km) and Lake de Maracaibo navigable by oceangoing vessels)
Disputes - international
Vereinigte Republik Tansania
Tanzania-Burundi: none identified
Tanzania-Democratic Republic of the Congo: none identified
Tanzania-Kenya: none identified
Tanzania-Malawi: dispute with Malawi over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and the meandering Songwe River; Malawi contends that the entire lake up to the Tanzanian shoreline is its territory, while Tanzania claims the border is in the center of the lake
Tanzania-Mozambique: none identified
Tanzania-Rwanda: none identified
Tanzania-Uganda: none identified
Republik Moldau
Moldova-Romania: none identified
Moldova-Ukraine: Ukraine and Moldova signed an agreement officially delimiting their border in 1999, but the border has not been demarcated due to Moldova's difficulties with the break-away region of Transnistria; Moldova and Ukraine operate joint customs posts to monitor the transit of people and commodities through Moldova's break-away Transnistria region, which remains under the auspices of an Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe-mandated peacekeeping mission comprised of Moldovan, Transnistrian, Russian, and Ukrainian troops
Bolivarische Republik Venezuela
Venezuela-Brazil: none identified
Venezuela-Colombia: dispute with Colombia over maritime boundary and Venezuelan administered Los Monjes Islands near the Gulf of Venezuela; Colombian-organized illegal narcotics and paramilitary activities penetrate Venezuela's shared border region; the border between the two countries was closed from March 2020 to October 2021 due to COVID, but goods and people fleeing poverty and violence continued to be smuggled from Venezuela into Colombia, and illegal narcotics and armed men flowed into Venezuela from Colombia; since the FARC disarmed in 2016, some former members have formed armed dissident groups that operate along the border
Venezuela-Guyana: claims all of the area west of the Essequibo River in Guyana, preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims before the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into their waters; in 2018, Guyana initiated proceedings against Venezuela with the International Court of Justice (ICJ); Venezuela requested a direct dialogue to settle the dispute; the ICJ ruled that it had jurisdiction to hear the case in December 2020; in September 2021, Venezuelan officials issued a statement reasserting dominion over three-quarters of Guyana, which Guyana stated was a threat to its sovereignty and territorial integrity; in December 2023, the Venezuelan Government conducted a public referendum asking its citizens to support establishing a state in the disputed territory, granting citizenship to current and future area residents, and rejecting the jurisdiction of the ICJ
Venezuela-various: Venezuela claims Aves Island and thereby an economic exclusion Zone/continental shelf extending over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea; Venezuela’s claim to Aves Island is disputed by Dominica and several other countries because the island has rich guano deposits useful in producing fertilizer and gunpowder, as well as large fish stocks and natural gas reserves; contraband smuggling (narcotics and arms), illegal migration, trafficking in animals, plants, lumber, illegal exploitation of mineral resources
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