Capital

Georgien

name: Tbilisi

geographic coordinates: 41 41 N, 44 50 E

time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name in Georgian means "warm place," referring to the numerous sulfuric hot springs in the area

Citizenship

Georgien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Georgia

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Legal system

Georgien

civil law system

Suffrage

Georgien

18 years of age; universal

Area

Georgien

total: 69,700 sq km

land: 69,700 sq km

water: 0 sq km

note: approximately 12,560 sq km, or about 18% of Georgia's area, is Russian occupied; the seized area includes all of Abkhazia and the breakaway region of South Ossetia, which consists of the northern part of Shida Kartli, eastern slivers of the Imereti region and Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, and part of western Mtskheta-Mtianeti

Land use

Georgien

agricultural land: 35.5% (2018 est.)

arable land: 5.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 27.9% (2018 est.)

forest: 39.4% (2018 est.)

other: 25.1% (2018 est.)

Location

Georgien

Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia, with a sliver of land north of the Caucasus extending into Europe; note - Georgia views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

Age structure

Georgien

0-14 years: 18.41% (male 468,459/female 440,195)

15-64 years: 63.65% (male 1,543,748/female 1,598,047)

65 years and over: 17.95% (2023 est.) (male 348,822/female 537,119)

Birth rate

Georgien

12.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Georgien

13.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Georgien

Georgian (official) 87.6%, Azeri 6.2%, Armenian 3.9%, Russian 1.2%, other 1%; note - Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia (2014 est.)

major-language sample(s):
მსოფლიო ფაქტების წიგნი, ძირითადი ინფორმაციის აუცილებელი წყარო. (Georgian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Georgien

total population: 72.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 68.3 years

female: 76.6 years

Major urban areas - population

Georgien

1.082 million TBILISI (capital) (2023)

Median age

Georgien

total: 38 years (2023 est.)

male: 35.6 years

female: 40.4 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Georgien

25.9 years (2019 est.)

note: data does not cover Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Net migration rate

Georgien

-4.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Georgien

settlement concentrated in the central valley, particularly in the capital city of Tbilisi in the east; smaller urban agglomerations dot the Black Sea coast, with Bat'umi being the largest

Population growth rate

Georgien

-0.57% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Georgien

1.96 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Georgien

urban population: 60.7% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.35% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

note: data include Abkhazia and South Ossetia

Education expenditures

Georgien

3.6% of GDP (2021 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Georgien

total: 16 years

male: 16 years

female: 16 years (2021)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Georgien

-3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Georgien

2.4% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Georgien

1.724 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Georgien

19.5% (2019 est.)

Unemployment rate

Georgien

10.66% (2021 est.)

18.5% (2020 est.)

11.57% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Georgien

65.88% of GDP (2020 est.)

45.15% of GDP (2019 est.)

38.89% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities; Georgia does not maintain intragovernmental debt or social funds

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Georgien

9.57% (2021 est.)

5.2% (2020 est.)

4.85% (2019 est.)

Exports

Georgien

$8.086 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$5.927 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$9.546 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Exports - partners

Georgien

Russia 12%, Azerbaijan 12%, Armenia 9%, Bulgaria 8%, China 6%, Turkey 6%, Ukraine 6% (2019)

Imports

Georgien

$11.151 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$8.967 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$11.162 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Georgien

Turkey 17%, China 11%, Russia 9%, Azerbaijan 6%, United States 6%, Germany 5% (2019)

Airports

Georgien

22 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Georgien

total: 986,809 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 25 (2021 est.)

Internet users

Georgien

total: 2.888 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 76% (2021 est.)

Railways

Georgien

total: 1,363 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 37 km (2014) 0.912-m gauge (37 km electrified)

broad gauge: 1,326 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge (1,251 km electrified)

Roadways

Georgien

total: 20,295 km (2018)

Telephones - fixed lines

Georgien

total subscriptions: 337,923 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Georgien

total subscriptions: 5,163,558 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 137 (2021 est.)

Disputes - international

Georgien

Russia's military support and subsequent recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia independence in 2008 continue to sour relations with Georgia; Russia maintains military bases and troops in Abkhazia and South Ossetia