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Daten & Fakten

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Capital

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name: Zagreb

geographic coordinates: 45 48 N, 16 00 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: the name seems to be related to "digging"; archeologists suggest that the original settlement was established beyond a water-filled hole or graba and that the name derives from this; za in Slavic means "beyond"; the overall meaning may be "beyond the trench (fault, channel, ditch)"
Citizenship

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citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Croatia

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system

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civil law system influenced by legal heritage of Austria-Hungary; note - Croatian law was fully harmonized with the European Community acquis as of the June 2010 completion of EU accession negotiations
Suffrage

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18 years of age; universal
Area

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total: 56,594 sq km

land: 55,974 sq km

water: 620 sq km
Land use

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agricultural land: 23.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 16% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.5% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 6.2% (2018 est.)

forest: 34.4% (2018 est.)

other: 41.9% (2018 est.)
Location

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Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia
Age structure

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0-14 years: 13.98% (male 300,575/female 282,165)

15-64 years: 63.39% (male 1,319,878/female 1,322,953)

65 years and over: 22.63% (2023 est.) (male 391,632/female 552,036)
Birth rate

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8.6 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate

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13 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages

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Croatian (official) 95.6%, Serbian 1.2%, other 3% (including Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, and Albanian), unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, nužan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Croatian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth

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total population: 77.5 years (2023 est.)

male: 74.4 years

female: 80.8 years
Major urban areas - population

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684,000 ZAGREB (capital) (2023)
Median age

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total: 44.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 42.9 years

female: 46.7 years
Mother's mean age at first birth

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29 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate

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-0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution

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more of the population lives in the northern half of the country, with approximately a quarter of the populace residing in and around the capital of Zagreb; many of the islands are sparsely populated
Population growth rate

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-0.47% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate

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1.46 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization

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urban population: 58.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.05% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures

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5.5% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

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total: 15 years

male: 14 years

female: 16 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

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0.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate

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9.11% (2021 est.)
Labor force

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1.742 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line

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18.3% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate

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8.68% (2021 est.)

7.51% (2020 est.)

6.62% (2019 est.)
Public debt

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104.89% of GDP (2020 est.)

87.08% of GDP (2019 est.)

89.45% of GDP (2018 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)

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2.55% (2021 est.)

0.15% (2020 est.)

0.77% (2019 est.)
Exports

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$35.308 billion (2021 est.)

$24.007 billion (2020 est.)

$31.504 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
Exports - partners

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Italy 13%, Germany 13%, Slovenia 10%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9%, Austria 6%, Serbia 5% (2019)
Imports

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$36.331 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$27.954 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$31.793 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners

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Italy 14%, Germany 14%, Slovenia 11%, Hungary 7%, Austria 6% (2019)
Airports

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69 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions

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total: 1,030,973 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 25 (2020 est.)
Internet users

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total: 3.321 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 81% (2021 est.)
Railways

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total: 2,617 km (2020) 980 km electrified
Roadways

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total: 26,958 km (2015) (includes 1,416 km of expressways)
Telephones - fixed lines

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total subscriptions: 1,268,941 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular

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total subscriptions: 4,402,213 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 108 (2021 est.)
Waterways

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4,714 km (2022) Danube 2,859 km, Sava 562 km, Drava 505 km, Neretva 20 km, Bosut 151 km, Kupa 296 km, Mura 53 km, Korana 134 km, Lonja 134 km
Disputes - international

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dispute remains with Bosnia and Herzegovina over several small sections of the boundary related to maritime access that hinders ratification of the 1999 border agreement; since the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia have each claimed sovereignty over Piranski Bay and four villages, and Slovenia has objected to Croatia's claim of an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea; in 2009, however Croatia and Slovenia signed a binding international arbitration agreement to define their disputed land and maritime borders, which led to Slovenia lifting its objections to Croatia joining the EU; Croatia joined the Schengen Zone on 1 January 2023

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