Capital

Myanmar

name: Rangoon (Yangon); note - Nay Pyi Taw is the administrative capital geographic coordinates: 16 48 N, 96 09 E time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: Rangoon (Yangon) is a compound of "yan" signifying "enemies" and "koun" meaning "to run out of" and so denoting "End of Strife"; Nay Pyi Taw translates as: "Great City of the Sun" or "Abode of Kings"

Citizenship

Myanmar

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Burma dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: none note: an applicant for naturalization must be the child or spouse of a citizen

Regierungstyp

Myanmar

parliamentary republic

Legal system

Myanmar

mixed legal system of English common law (as introduced in codifications designed for colonial India) and customary law

Suffrage

Myanmar

18 years of age; universal

Area

Myanmar

total: 676,578 sq km land: 653,508 sq km water: 23,070 sq km

Land use

Myanmar

agricultural land: 19.2% (2011 est.) arable land: 16.5% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 2.2% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 0.5% (2011 est.) forest: 48.2% (2011 est.) other: 32.6% (2011 est.)

Location

Myanmar

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Thailand

Age structure

Myanmar

0-14 years: 26.56% (male 7,556,848 /female 7,216,374) 15-24 years: 17.51% (male 4,900,092 /female 4,837,726) 25-54 years: 42.51% (male 11,577,883 /female 12,068,190) 55-64 years: 7.75% (male 2,011,057 /female 2,301,983) 65 years and over: 5.67% (male 1,373,892 /female 1,778,461) (2018 est.)

Birth rate

Myanmar

17.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Death rate

Myanmar

7.30

Languages

Myanmar

Burmese (official) note: minority ethnic groups use their own languages

Life expectancy at birth

Myanmar

68.60

Major urban areas - population

Myanmar

5.157 million RANGOON (Yangon) (capital), 1.374 million Mandalay (2018)

Median age

Myanmar

total: 28.5 years male: 27.7 years female: 29.4 years (2018 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

Myanmar

25 years (2015/16 est.)

Net migration rate

Myanmar

-1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Population distribution

Myanmar

population concentrated along coastal areas and in general proximity to the shores of the Irrawaddy River; the extreme north is relatively underpopulated

Population growth rate

Myanmar

0.89% (2018 est.)

Total fertility rate

Myanmar

2.13 children born/woman (2018 est.)

Urbanization

Myanmar

rate of urbanization: 1.74% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Education expenditures

Myanmar

0.80

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Myanmar

female: 10 years (2017)

Country Comparison :: GDP - real growth rate

Myanmar

6.80

Country Comparison :: Gross national saving

Myanmar

17.70

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Myanmar

-3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

Myanmar

$329,800,000,000

Industrial production growth rate

Myanmar

8.90

Country Comparison :: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

Myanmar

4.0

Country Comparison :: GDP - per capita (PPP)

Myanmar

$6,300

Country Comparison :: Labor force

Myanmar

22,300,000

Country Comparison :: Unemployment rate

Myanmar

4.00

Labor force

Myanmar

22,300,000

Population below poverty line

Myanmar

25.6% (2016 est.)

Unemployment rate

Myanmar

4% (2017 est.) 4% (2016 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

Myanmar

total: 4% male: 3.3% female: 4.8% (2017 est.)

Country Comparison :: Public debt

Myanmar

33.60

Public debt

Myanmar

33.60

Country Comparison :: Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Myanmar

4.00

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Myanmar

4.00

Country Comparison :: Central bank discount rate

Myanmar

9.95

Central bank discount rate

Myanmar

9.95

Country Comparison :: Exports

Myanmar

$9,832,000,000

Exports

Myanmar

$9,832,000,000

Exports - partners

Myanmar

China 36.5%, Thailand 21.8%, Japan 6.6%, Singapore 6.4%, India 5.9% (2017)

Country Comparison :: Imports

Myanmar

$15,780,000,000

Imports

Myanmar

$15,780,000,000

Imports - partners

Myanmar

China 31.4%, Singapore 15%, Thailand 11.1%, Saudi Arabia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.2%, Japan 6%, India 5.5%, Indonesia 4.5% (2017)

Country Comparison :: Electricity - production

Myanmar

17,320,000,000

Country Comparison :: Electricity - consumption

Myanmar

14,930,000,000

Country Comparison :: Electricity - exports

Myanmar

2016 est.

Country Comparison :: Electricity - imports

Myanmar

2016 est.

Country Comparison :: Crude oil - production

Myanmar

12,000

Country Comparison :: Crude oil - exports

Myanmar

1,824

Country Comparison :: Crude oil - imports

Myanmar

2015 est.

Country Comparison :: Natural gas - production

Myanmar

18,410,000,000

Country Comparison :: Natural gas - exports

Myanmar

14,070,000,000

Country Comparison :: Natural gas - imports

Myanmar

2017 est.

Country Comparison :: Telephones - fixed lines

Myanmar

556,112

Country Comparison :: Telephones - mobile cellular

Myanmar

47,951,228

Country Comparison :: Internet users

Myanmar

14,264,308

Country Comparison :: Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Myanmar

404,932

Country Comparison :: Airports

Myanmar

64

Country Comparison :: Railways

Myanmar

5,031

Country Comparison :: Waterways

Myanmar

12,800

Airports

Myanmar

64

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Myanmar

total: 404,932 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2017 est.)

Crude oil - exports

Myanmar

1,824

Crude oil - imports

Myanmar

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - production

Myanmar

12,000 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Electricity - consumption

Myanmar

14,930,000,000

Electricity - exports

Myanmar

0

Electricity - imports

Myanmar

0

Electricity - production

Myanmar

17,320,000,000

Internet users

Myanmar

total: 14,264,308 (July 2016 est.)

Natural gas - exports

Myanmar

14,070,000,000

Natural gas - imports

Myanmar

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - production

Myanmar

18.41 billion cu m (2017 est.)

Railways

Myanmar

total: 5,031 km (2008) narrow gauge: 5,031 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)

Roadways

Myanmar

157,000

Telephones - fixed lines

Myanmar

total subscriptions: 556,112 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2017 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Myanmar

47,951,228

Waterways

Myanmar

12,800

Disputes - international

Myanmar

over half of Burma's population consists of diverse ethnic groups who have substantial numbers of kin in neighboring countries; the Naf River on the border with Bangladesh serves as a smuggling and illegal transit route; Bangladesh struggles to accommodate 741,792 Rohingya, Burmese Muslim minority from Arakan State, living as refugees in Cox's Bazar; Burmese border authorities are constructing a 200 km (124 mi) wire fence designed to deter illegal cross-border transit and tensions from the military build-up along border with Bangladesh in 2010; Bangladesh referred its maritime boundary claims with Burma and India to the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea; Burmese forces attempting to dig in to the largely autonomous Shan State to rout local militias tied to the drug trade, prompts local residents to periodically flee into neighboring Yunnan Province in China; fencing along the India-Burma international border at Manipur's Moreh town is in progress to check illegal drug trafficking and movement of militants; over 100,000 mostly Karen refugees and asylum seekers fleeing civil strife, political upheaval, and economic stagnation in Burma were living in remote camps in Thailand near the border as of May 2017