Capital

Dänemark

name: Copenhagen

geographic coordinates: 55 40 N, 12 35 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October; note - applies to continental Denmark only, not to its North Atlantic components

etymology: name derives from the city's Danish appellation Kobenhavn, meaning "Merchant's Harbor"

Citizenship

Dänemark

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Denmark

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Legal system

Dänemark

civil law; judicial review of legislative acts

Suffrage

Dänemark

18 years of age; universal

Area

Dänemark

total: 43,094 sq km

land: 42,434 sq km

water: 660 sq km

note: includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark (the Jutland Peninsula, and the major islands of Sjaelland and Fyn) but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland

Land use

Dänemark

agricultural land: 63.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 58.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 4.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 12.9% (2018 est.)

other: 23.7% (2018 est.)

Location

Dänemark

Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes several major islands (Sjaelland, Fyn, and Bornholm)

Age structure

Dänemark

0-14 years: 16.24% (male 495,887/female 469,976)

15-64 years: 63.13% (male 1,900,182/female 1,854,222)

65 years and over: 20.63% (2023 est.) (male 566,363/female 660,354)

Birth rate

Dänemark

11.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Dänemark

9.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Dänemark

Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority); note - English is the predominant second language

major-language sample(s):
Verdens Faktabog, den uundværlig kilde til grundlæggende oplysninger. (Danish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Dänemark

total population: 81.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 80 years

female: 83.9 years

Major urban areas - population

Dänemark

1.381 million COPENHAGEN (capital) (2023)

Median age

Dänemark

total: 42.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 41 years

female: 43.3 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Dänemark

29.8 years (2020 est.)

Net migration rate

Dänemark

2.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Dänemark

with excellent access to the North Sea, Skagerrak, Kattegat, and the Baltic Sea, population centers tend to be along coastal areas, particularly in Copenhagen and the eastern side of the country's mainland

Population growth rate

Dänemark

0.44% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Dänemark

1.77 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Dänemark

urban population: 88.5% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.54% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Dänemark

6.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Dänemark

total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 19 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Dänemark

1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Dänemark

5.25% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Dänemark

3.051 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Dänemark

12.5% (2018 est.)

Unemployment rate

Dänemark

4.8% (2021 est.)

5.64% (2020 est.)

5.02% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Dänemark

35.3% of GDP (2017 est.)

37.9% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Dänemark

1.85% (2021 est.)

0.42% (2020 est.)

0.76% (2019 est.)

Exports

Dänemark

$234.262 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$195.729 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$205.019 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Exports - partners

Dänemark

Germany 14%, United States 10%, Sweden 10%, China 6%, Norway 5% (2021)

Imports

Dänemark

$208.121 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$172.868 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$179.356 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Dänemark

Germany 21%, Sweden 12%, China 9%, Netherlands 8%, Poland 4% (2021)

Airports

Dänemark

80 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Dänemark

total: 2,590,282 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 45 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Dänemark

total: 5.841 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 99% (2021 est.)

Railways

Dänemark

total: 2,682 km (2020) 876 km electrified

Roadways

Dänemark

total: 74,558 km (2017)

paved: 74,558 km (2017) (includes 1,205 km of expressways)

Telephones - fixed lines

Dänemark

total subscriptions: 706,604 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Dänemark

total subscriptions: 7,287,875 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 124 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Dänemark

400 km (2010)

Disputes - international

Dänemark

Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; in 2019, Denmark signed continental shelf delimitation agreements with Iceland and Norway to parts of the continental shelf in the Ægir Basin, which is located north of the Faroe Islands