Capital

Slowenien

name: Ljubljana

geographic coordinates: 46 03 N, 14 31 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: likely related to the Slavic root "ljub", meaning "to like" or "to love"; by tradition, the name is related to the Slovene word "ljubljena" meaning "beloved"

Citizenship

Slowenien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Slovenia; both parents if the child is born outside of Slovenia

dual citizenship recognized: yes, for select cases

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, the last 5 of which have been continuous

Legal system

Slowenien

civil law system

Suffrage

Slowenien

18 years of age; universal

Area

Slowenien

total: 20,273 sq km

land: 20,151 sq km

water: 122 sq km

Land use

Slowenien

agricultural land: 22.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 8.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.3% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 13.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 62.3% (2018 est.)

other: 14.9% (2018 est.)

Location

Slowenien

south Central Europe, Julian Alps between Austria and Croatia

Age structure

Slowenien

0-14 years: 14.55% (male 156,499/female 148,987)

15-64 years: 62.73% (male 685,750/female 631,553)

65 years and over: 22.72% (2023 est.) (male 208,832/female 268,169)

Birth rate

Slowenien

8.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Slowenien

10.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Slowenien

Slovene (official) 87.7%, Croatian 2.8%, Serbo-Croatian 1.8%, Bosnian 1.6%, Serbian 1.6%, Hungarian 0.4% (official, only in municipalities where Hungarian national communities reside), Italian 0.2% (official, only in municipalities where Italian national communities reside), other or unspecified 3.9% (2002 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Svetovni informativni zvezek - neobhoden vir osnovnih informacij. (Slovene)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Slowenien

total population: 82 years (2023 est.)

male: 79.2 years

female: 85 years

Major urban areas - population

Slowenien

286,000 LJUBLJANA (capital) (2018)

Median age

Slowenien

total: 45.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 44.6 years

female: 47.5 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Slowenien

29 years (2020 est.)

Net migration rate

Slowenien

1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Slowenien

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations; pockets in the mountainous northwest exhibit less density than elsewhere

Population growth rate

Slowenien

-0.08% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Slowenien

1.6 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Slowenien

urban population: 56.1% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.54% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Slowenien

5.8% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Slowenien

total: 18 years

male: 17 years

female: 18 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Slowenien

0% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Slowenien

9.43% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Slowenien

1.036 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Slowenien

12% (2018 est.)

Unemployment rate

Slowenien

4.42% (2021 est.)

4.97% (2020 est.)

4.45% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Slowenien

73.6% of GDP (2017 est.)

78.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: defined by the EU's Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year in the following categories of government liabilities: currency and deposits, securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives, and loans; general government sector comprises the central, state, local government, and social security funds

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Slowenien

1.92% (2021 est.)

-0.05% (2020 est.)

1.63% (2019 est.)

Exports

Slowenien

$51.634 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$41.823 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$45.516 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Exports - partners

Slowenien

Germany 18%, Italy 11%, Croatia 8%, Austria 7%, France 5%, Switzerland 5% (2019)

Imports

Slowenien

$47.665 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$36.804 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$40.809 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Slowenien

Germany 14%, Italy 12%, Austria 8%, Switzerland 8%, China 7% (2019)

Airports

Slowenien

16 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Slowenien

total: 651,604 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Slowenien

total: 1.869 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 89% (2021 est.)

Railways

Slowenien

total: 1,207 km (2020) 609 km electrified

Roadways

Slowenien

total: 38,985 km (2012)

paved: 38,985 km (2012) (includes 769 km of expressways)

Telephones - fixed lines

Slowenien

total subscriptions: 695,444 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Slowenien

total subscriptions: 2,607,268 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 123 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Slowenien

710 km (2022) (some transport on the Drava River)

Disputes - international

Slowenien

Slovenia-Austria: none identified

Slovenia-Croatia: since the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia have each claimed sovereignty over Piran Bay and four villages, and Slovenia has objected to Croatia's claim of an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea; in 2009, however Croatia and Slovenia signed a binding international arbitration agreement to define their disputed land and maritime borders, which led Slovenia to lift its objections to Croatia joining the EU; in June 2017, the Permanent Court of Arbitration issued a ruling on the border, but Croatia had withdrawn from the proceedings in 2015 and refused to implement it; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Slovenia has implemented the strict Schengen border rules to curb illegal migration and commerce through southeastern Europe while encouraging close cross-border ties with Croatia

Slovenia-Hungary: none identified

Slovenia-Italy: none identified