Capital

Bosnien und Herzegowina

name: Sarajevo

geographic coordinates: 43 52 N, 18 25 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: the name derives from the Turkish noun saray, meaning "palace" or "mansion," and the term ova, signifying "plain(s)," to give a meaning of "palace plains" or "the plains about the palace"

Armenien

name: Yerevan

geographic coordinates: 40 10 N, 44 30 E

time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: name likely derives from the ancient Urartian fortress of Erebuni established on the current site of Yerevan in 782 B.C. and whose impressive ruins still survive

Myanmar

name: Rangoon (Yangon); note - Nay Pyi Taw is the administrative capital geographic coordinates: 16 48 N, 96 09 E time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: Rangoon (Yangon) is a compound of "yan" signifying "enemies" and "koun" meaning "to run out of" and so denoting "End of Strife"; Nay Pyi Taw translates as: "Great City of the Sun" or "Abode of Kings"

Citizenship

Bosnien und Herzegowina

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovina

dual citizenship recognized: yes, provided there is a bilateral agreement with the other state

residency requirement for naturalization: 8 years

Armenien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Armenia

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 3 years

Myanmar

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Burma dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: none note: an applicant for naturalization must be the child or spouse of a citizen

Myanmar

parliamentary republic

Legal system

Bosnien und Herzegowina

civil law system; Constitutional Court review of legislative acts

Armenien

civil law system

Myanmar

mixed legal system of English common law (as introduced in codifications designed for colonial India) and customary law

Suffrage

Bosnien und Herzegowina

18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal

Armenien

18 years of age; universal

Myanmar

18 years of age; universal

Area

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 51,197 sq km

land: 51,187 sq km

water: 10 sq km

Armenien

total: 29,743 sq km

land: 28,203 sq km

water: 1,540 sq km

Myanmar

total: 676,578 sq km land: 653,508 sq km water: 23,070 sq km

Land use

Bosnien und Herzegowina

agricultural land: 42.2% (2018 est.)

arable land: 19.7% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 20.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 42.8% (2018 est.)

other: 15% (2018 est.)

Armenien

agricultural land: 59.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 15.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 42% (2018 est.)

forest: 9.1% (2018 est.)

other: 31.2% (2018 est.)

Myanmar

agricultural land: 19.2% (2011 est.) arable land: 16.5% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 2.2% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 0.5% (2011 est.) forest: 48.2% (2011 est.) other: 32.6% (2011 est.)

Location

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia

Armenien

Southwestern Asia, between Turkey (to the west) and Azerbaijan; note - Armenia views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

Myanmar

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Thailand

Age structure

Bosnien und Herzegowina

0-14 years: 13.14% (male 258,937/female 241,581)

15-64 years: 69% (male 1,319,995/female 1,307,304)

65 years and over: 17.86% (2023 est.) (male 277,555/female 402,392)

Armenien

0-14 years: 17.98% (male 282,055/female 255,313)

15-64 years: 67.53% (male 999,784/female 1,018,891)

65 years and over: 14.49% (2023 est.) (male 178,824/female 254,224)

Myanmar

0-14 years: 26.56% (male 7,556,848 /female 7,216,374) 15-24 years: 17.51% (male 4,900,092 /female 4,837,726) 25-54 years: 42.51% (male 11,577,883 /female 12,068,190) 55-64 years: 7.75% (male 2,011,057 /female 2,301,983) 65 years and over: 5.67% (male 1,373,892 /female 1,778,461) (2018 est.)

Birth rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

8.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Armenien

10.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Myanmar

17.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Death rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

10.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Armenien

9.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Myanmar

7.30

Languages

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Bosnian)

Knjiga svetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Serbian)

Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, nužan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Croatian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Armenien

Armenian (official) 97.9%, Kurmanji (spoken by Yezidi minority) 1%, other 1.1%; note - Russian is widely spoken (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Աշխարհի Փաստագիրք, Անփոխարինելի Աղբյւր Հիմնական Տեղեկատվւթյան. (Armenian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Myanmar

Burmese (official) note: minority ethnic groups use their own languages

Life expectancy at birth

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total population: 78.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 75.3 years

female: 81.4 years

Armenien

total population: 76.4 years (2023 est.)

male: 73.1 years

female: 79.9 years

Myanmar

68.60

Major urban areas - population

Bosnien und Herzegowina

346,000 SARAJEVO (capital) (2023)

Armenien

1.095 million YEREVAN (capital) (2023)

Myanmar

5.157 million RANGOON (Yangon) (capital), 1.374 million Mandalay (2018)

Median age

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 44.4 years (2023 est.)

male: 42.7 years

female: 46.1 years

Armenien

total: 38.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 36.9 years

female: 39.8 years

Myanmar

total: 28.5 years male: 27.7 years female: 29.4 years (2018 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

Bosnien und Herzegowina

27.7 years (2019 est.)

Armenien

25.2 years (2019 est.)

Myanmar

25 years (2015/16 est.)

Net migration rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Armenien

-5.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Myanmar

-1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Population distribution

Bosnien und Herzegowina

the northern and central areas of the country are the most densely populated

Armenien

most of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the capital of Yerevan is home to more than five times as many people as Gyumri, the second largest city in the country

Myanmar

population concentrated along coastal areas and in general proximity to the shores of the Irrawaddy River; the extreme north is relatively underpopulated

Population growth rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

-0.23% (2023 est.)

Armenien

-0.4% (2023 est.)

Myanmar

0.89% (2018 est.)

Total fertility rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

1.37 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Armenien

1.65 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Myanmar

2.13 children born/woman (2018 est.)

Urbanization

Bosnien und Herzegowina

urban population: 50.3% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Armenien

urban population: 63.7% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Myanmar

rate of urbanization: 1.74% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Education expenditures

Bosnien und Herzegowina

NA

Armenien

2.8% of GDP (2021 est.)

Myanmar

0.80

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 15 years (2014)

Armenien

total: 13 years

male: 13 years

female: 14 years (2021)

Myanmar

female: 10 years (2017)

Myanmar

6.80

Myanmar

17.70

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Bosnien und Herzegowina

2.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Armenien

-4.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Myanmar

-3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Myanmar

$329,800,000,000

Industrial production growth rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

8.87% (2021 est.)

Armenien

3.4% (2021 est.)

Myanmar

8.90

Myanmar

4.0

Myanmar

$6,300

Myanmar

22,300,000

Myanmar

4.00

Labor force

Bosnien und Herzegowina

1.169 million (2021 est.)

Armenien

1.153 million (2021 est.)

Myanmar

22,300,000

Population below poverty line

Bosnien und Herzegowina

16.9% (2015 est.)

Armenien

26.4% (2019 est.)

Myanmar

25.6% (2016 est.)

Unemployment rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

15.22% (2021 est.)

15.27% (2020 est.)

15.69% (2019 est.)

note: official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy

Armenien

20.9% (2021 est.)

21.21% (2020 est.)

18.3% (2019 est.)

Myanmar

4% (2017 est.) 4% (2016 est.)

Myanmar

total: 4% male: 3.3% female: 4.8% (2017 est.)

Myanmar

33.60

Public debt

Bosnien und Herzegowina

46.05% of GDP (2020 est.)

44.63% of GDP (2019 est.)

45.56% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions.

Armenien

63.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

50.03% of GDP (2019 est.)

Myanmar

33.60

Myanmar

4.00

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Bosnien und Herzegowina

1.98% (2021 est.)

-1.05% (2020 est.)

0.56% (2019 est.)

Armenien

7.18% (2021 est.)

1.21% (2020 est.)

1.44% (2019 est.)

Myanmar

4.00

Myanmar

9.95

Myanmar

9.95

Myanmar

$9,832,000,000

Exports

Bosnien und Herzegowina

$9.948 billion (2021 est.)

$6.936 billion (2020 est.)

$8.199 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Armenien

$5.012 billion (2021 est.)

$3.818 billion (2020 est.)

$5.794 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Myanmar

$9,832,000,000

Exports - partners

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Germany 14%, Italy 12%, Croatia 11%, Serbia 11%, Austria 9%, Slovenia 8% (2019)

Armenien

Russia 22%, Switzerland 20%, China 7%, Bulgaria 6%, Iraq 5%, Serbia 5%, Netherlands 5%, Germany 5% (2019)

Myanmar

China 36.5%, Thailand 21.8%, Japan 6.6%, Singapore 6.4%, India 5.9% (2017)

Myanmar

$15,780,000,000

Imports

Bosnien und Herzegowina

$12.726 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$9.726 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$11.156 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Armenien

$6.12 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$5.082 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.603 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Myanmar

$15,780,000,000

Imports - partners

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Croatia 15%, Serbia 13%, Germany 10%, Italy 9%, Slovenia 7%, China 6% (2019)

Armenien

Russia 29%, China 10%, Georgia 8%, Iran 6%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Myanmar

China 31.4%, Singapore 15%, Thailand 11.1%, Saudi Arabia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.2%, Japan 6%, India 5.5%, Indonesia 4.5% (2017)

Myanmar

17,320,000,000

Myanmar

14,930,000,000

Myanmar

2016 est.

Myanmar

2016 est.

Myanmar

12,000

Myanmar

1,824

Myanmar

2015 est.

Myanmar

18,410,000,000

Myanmar

14,070,000,000

Myanmar

2017 est.

Myanmar

556,112

Myanmar

47,951,228

Myanmar

14,264,308

Myanmar

404,932

Myanmar

64

Myanmar

5,031

Myanmar

12,800

Airports

Bosnien und Herzegowina

24 (2021)

Armenien

7 (2021)

Myanmar

64

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 770,424 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24 (2020 est.)

Armenien

total: 430,407 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15 (2020 est.)

Myanmar

total: 404,932 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2017 est.)

Myanmar

1,824

Myanmar

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Myanmar

12,000 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Myanmar

14,930,000,000

Myanmar

0

Myanmar

0

Myanmar

17,320,000,000

Internet users

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 2.508 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 76% (2021 est.)

Armenien

total: 2.212 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 79% (2021 est.)

Myanmar

total: 14,264,308 (July 2016 est.)

Myanmar

14,070,000,000

Myanmar

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Myanmar

18.41 billion cu m (2017 est.)

Railways

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 965 km (2014)

standard gauge: 965 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (565 km electrified)

Armenien

total: 686 km (2017)

Myanmar

total: 5,031 km (2008) narrow gauge: 5,031 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)

Roadways

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 22,926 km (2010)

paved: 19,426 km (2010) (4,652 km of interurban roads)

unpaved: 3,500 km (2010)

Armenien

total: 7,700 km (2019)

urban: 3,780 km

non-urban: 3,920 km

Myanmar

157,000

Telephones - fixed lines

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total subscriptions: 689,295 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 21 (2021 est.)

Armenien

total subscriptions: 418,122 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15 (2021 est.)

Myanmar

total subscriptions: 556,112 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2017 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total subscriptions: 3,728,775 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2021 est.)

Armenien

total subscriptions: 3,599,278 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 129 (2021 est.)

Myanmar

47,951,228

Waterways

Bosnien und Herzegowina

990 km (2022) (Sava River on northern border; open to shipping but use limited)

Myanmar

12,800

Disputes - international

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Bosnia and Herzegovina-Serbia: Serbia delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and Herzegovina, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute.

Bosnia and Herzegovina-Croatia: none identified

Bosnia and Herzegovina-Montenegro: none identified

Armenien

local border forces struggle to control the illegal transit of goods and people across the porous, undemarcated Armenian, Azerbaijani, and Georgian borders

Armenia-Azerbaijan: tensions existed for years over the break-away Nagorno-Karabakh region and the Armenian military occupation of surrounding lands in Azerbaijan; Azerbaijan seized part of the enclave during six weeks of fighting in 2020 and the remainder in a short conflict in September 2023; in October 2023, Baku and Yerevan began preliminary discussions on a peace treaty, the demarcation of borders, and full normalization of relations; nevertheless, concerns persist in Armenia that Azerbaijan could invade in order to force the establishment of a transit corridor to the exclave of Naxicvan (Nakhichevan) 

Armenia-Georgia: Georgians restrict Armenian access into Samtse-Javakheti ethnic Armenian areas; Armenia has made no claims to the region

Armenia-Iran: none identified

Armenia-Turkey: as of 2023, Turkey and Armenia were discussing normalizing relations

Myanmar

over half of Burma's population consists of diverse ethnic groups who have substantial numbers of kin in neighboring countries; the Naf River on the border with Bangladesh serves as a smuggling and illegal transit route; Bangladesh struggles to accommodate 741,792 Rohingya, Burmese Muslim minority from Arakan State, living as refugees in Cox's Bazar; Burmese border authorities are constructing a 200 km (124 mi) wire fence designed to deter illegal cross-border transit and tensions from the military build-up along border with Bangladesh in 2010; Bangladesh referred its maritime boundary claims with Burma and India to the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea; Burmese forces attempting to dig in to the largely autonomous Shan State to rout local militias tied to the drug trade, prompts local residents to periodically flee into neighboring Yunnan Province in China; fencing along the India-Burma international border at Manipur's Moreh town is in progress to check illegal drug trafficking and movement of militants; over 100,000 mostly Karen refugees and asylum seekers fleeing civil strife, political upheaval, and economic stagnation in Burma were living in remote camps in Thailand near the border as of May 2017