Capital

Belarus

name: Minsk

geographic coordinates: 53 54 N, 27 34 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the origin of the name is disputed; Minsk may originally have been located 16 km to the southwest, on the banks of Menka River; remnants of a 10th-century settlement on the banks of the Menka have been found

Albanien

name: Tirana (Tirane)

geographic coordinates: 41 19 N, 19 49 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: the name Tirana first appears in a 1418 Venetian document; the origin of the name is unclear, but may derive from Tirkan Fortress, whose ruins survive on the slopes of Dajti mountain and which overlooks the city

Niederlande

name: Amsterdam; note - The Hague is the seat of government

geographic coordinates: 52 21 N, 4 55 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

time zone note: time descriptions apply to the continental Netherlands only, for the constituent countries in the Caribbean, the time difference is UTC-4

etymology: the original Dutch name, Amstellerdam, meaning "a dam on the Amstel River," dates to the 13th century; over time the name simplified to Amsterdam

Citizenship

Belarus

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Belarus

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Albanien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Albania

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Niederlande

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Netherlands

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Legal system

Belarus

civil law system; note - nearly all major codes (civil, civil procedure, criminal, criminal procedure, family, and labor) were revised and came into force in 1999 and 2000

Albanien

civil law system except in the northern rural areas where customary law known as the "Code of Leke" is still present

Niederlande

civil law system based on the French system; constitution does not permit judicial review of acts of the States General

Suffrage

Belarus

18 years of age; universal

Albanien

18 years of age; universal

Niederlande

18 years of age; universal

Area

Belarus

total: 207,600 sq km

land: 202,900 sq km

water: 4,700 sq km

Albanien

total: 28,748 sq km

land: 27,398 sq km

water: 1,350 sq km

Niederlande

total: 41,543 sq km

land: 33,893 sq km

water: 7,650 sq km

Land use

Belarus

agricultural land: 43.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 27.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.6% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 15.9% (2018 est.)

forest: 42.7% (2018 est.)

other: 13.6% (2018 est.)

Albanien

agricultural land: 42.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 22.3% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 17.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 28.8% (2018 est.)

other: 28.2% (2018 est.)

Niederlande

agricultural land: 55.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 29.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 24.2% (2018 est.)

forest: 10.8% (2018 est.)

other: 34.1% (2018 est.)

Location

Belarus

Eastern Europe, east of Poland

Albanien

Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece to the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north

Niederlande

Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany

Age structure

Belarus

0-14 years: 15.83% (male 764,281/female 721,632)

15-64 years: 66.81% (male 3,055,606/female 3,213,751)

65 years and over: 17.36% (2023 est.) (male 544,270/female 1,084,313)

Albanien

0-14 years: 17.9% (male 290,624/female 264,536)

15-64 years: 67.53% (male 1,030,436/female 1,064,217)

65 years and over: 14.57% (2023 est.) (male 207,960/female 243,848)

Niederlande

0-14 years: 16.06% (male 1,436,601/female 1,368,697)

15-64 years: 63.08% (male 5,532,490/female 5,483,034)

65 years and over: 20.86% (2023 est.) (male 1,658,652/female 1,984,456)

Birth rate

Belarus

8.6 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Albanien

12.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Niederlande

10.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Belarus

13.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Albanien

7.4 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Niederlande

9.7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Belarus

Russian (official) 71.4%, Belarusian (official) 26%, other 0.3% (includes small Polish- and Ukrainian-speaking minorities), unspecified 2.3% (2009 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Книга фактов о мире – незаменимый источник базовой информации. (Russian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Albanien

Albanian 98.8% (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek 0.5%, other 0.6% (including Macedonian, Romani, Vlach, Turkish, Italian, and Serbo-Croatian), unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Libri i fakteve boterore, burimi i pazevendesueshem per informacione elementare (Albanian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Niederlande

Dutch (official); note - Frisian is an official language in Fryslan province; Frisian, Low Saxon, Limburgish, Romani, and Yiddish have protected status under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages; Dutch is the official language of the three special municipalities of the Caribbean Netherlands; English is a recognized regional language on Sint Eustatius and Saba; Papiamento is a recognized regional language on Bonaire

major-language sample(s):
Het Wereld Feitenboek, een onmisbare bron van informatie. (Dutch)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Belarus

total population: 74.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 69.6 years

female: 79.9 years

Albanien

total population: 79.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 77 years

female: 82.6 years

Niederlande

total population: 81.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 80.1 years

female: 83.3 years

Major urban areas - population

Belarus

2.057 million MINSK (capital) (2023)

Albanien

520,000 TIRANA (capital) (2023)

Niederlande

1.174 million AMSTERDAM (capital), 1.018 million Rotterdam (2023)

Median age

Belarus

total: 41.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 39.1 years

female: 44.6 years

Albanien

total: 35.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 34.3 years

female: 37.2 years

Niederlande

total: 42.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 41 years

female: 43.4 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Belarus

26.8 years (2019 est.)

Albanien

26.6 years (2020 est.)

Niederlande

30.2 years (2020 est.)

Net migration rate

Belarus

0.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Albanien

-3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Niederlande

4.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Belarus

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

Albanien

a fairly even distribution, with somewhat higher concentrations of people in the western and central parts of the country

Niederlande

an area known as the Randstad, anchored by the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht, is the most densely populated region; the north tends to be less dense, though sizeable communities can be found throughout the entire country

Population growth rate

Belarus

-0.39% (2023 est.)

Albanien

0.19% (2023 est.)

Niederlande

0.48% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Belarus

1.45 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Albanien

1.55 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Niederlande

1.61 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Belarus

urban population: 80.7% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.28% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Albanien

urban population: 64.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.29% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Niederlande

urban population: 93.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.59% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Belarus

4.7% of GDP (2021 est.)

Albanien

3.1% of GDP (2020 est.)

Niederlande

5.3% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Belarus

total: 15 years

male: 15 years

female: 15 years (2021)

Albanien

total: 14 years

male: 13 years

female: 15 years (2020)

Niederlande

total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 19 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Belarus

2.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Albanien

-2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Niederlande

1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Belarus

6.7% (2021 est.)

Albanien

16% (2021 est.)

Niederlande

4.93% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Belarus

4.95 million (2021 est.)

Albanien

1.378 million (2021 est.)

Niederlande

9.902 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Belarus

5% (2019 est.)

Albanien

14.3% (2012 est.)

Niederlande

13.6% (2019 est.)

Unemployment rate

Belarus

4.74% (2021 est.)

4.77% (2020 est.)

4.16% (2019 est.)

note: official registered unemployed; large number of underemployed workers

Albanien

11.82% (2021 est.)

13.33% (2020 est.)

11.47% (2019 est.)

note: these official rates may not include those working at near-subsistence farming

Niederlande

4.01% (2021 est.)

3.82% (2020 est.)

3.38% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Belarus

33.24% of GDP (2019 est.)

37.1% of GDP (2018 est.)

39.88% of GDP (2017 est.)

Albanien

84.06% of GDP (2020 est.)

75.7% of GDP (2019 est.)

64.57% of GDP (2018 est.)

Niederlande

56.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

61.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment, debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Belarus

9.46% (2021 est.)

5.55% (2020 est.)

5.6% (2019 est.)

Albanien

2.04% (2021 est.)

1.62% (2020 est.)

1.41% (2019 est.)

Niederlande

2.68% (2021 est.)

1.27% (2020 est.)

2.63% (2019 est.)

Exports

Belarus

$49.425 billion (2021 est.)

$37.183 billion (2020 est.)

$41.975 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Albanien

$5.612 billion (2021 est.)

$3.461 billion (2020 est.)

$4.822 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Niederlande

$839.6 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$712.3 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$751.2 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Exports - partners

Belarus

Russia 42%, Ukraine 13%, United Kingdom 7% (2019)

Albanien

Italy 45%, Spain 8%, Germany 6%, Greece 5%, France 4%, China 4% (2019)

Niederlande

Germany 20%, Belgium 12%, United Kingdom 9%, France 7%, United States 5% (2019)

Imports

Belarus

$45.459 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$35.236 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$42.378 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Albanien

$8.004 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$5.671 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$6.926 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Niederlande

$735.7 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$620.5 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$662 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Belarus

Russia 57%, China 7%, Poland 5%, Germany 5%, Ukraine 5% (2019)

Albanien

Italy 28%, Greece 12%, China 11%, Turkey 9%, Germany 5% (2019)

Niederlande

Germany 15%, China 11%, Belgium 9%, United States 8%, Russia 7%, United Kingdom 5% (2019)

Airports

Belarus

65 (2021)

Albanien

3 (2021)

Niederlande

29 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Belarus

total: 3,255,552 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35 (2020 est.)

Albanien

total: 508,937 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2020 est.)

Niederlande

total: 7,525,016 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 44 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Belarus

total: 8.352 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 87% (2021 est.)

Albanien

total: 2.291 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 79% (2021 est.)

Niederlande

total: 16.56 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 92% (2021 est.)

Railways

Belarus

total: 5,528 km (2014)

standard gauge: 25 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge

broad gauge: 5,503 km (2014) 1.520-m gauge (874 km electrified)

Albanien

total: 424 km (2017)

2021-All the trains in the country suspended

Niederlande

total: 3,055 km (2020) 2,310 km electrified

Roadways

Belarus

total: 86,600 km (2017)

Albanien

total: 3,945 km (2018)

Niederlande

total: 139,124 km (2016) (includes 3,654 km of expressways)

Telephones - fixed lines

Belarus

total subscriptions: 4,332,754 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 45 (2021 est.)

Albanien

total subscriptions: 197,690 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)

Niederlande

total subscriptions: 5.024 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 29 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Belarus

total subscriptions: 11,760,087 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 123 (2021 est.)

Albanien

total subscriptions: 2,635,466 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 92 (2021 est.)

Niederlande

total subscriptions: 21.888 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 125 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Belarus

2,500 km (2011) (major rivers are the west-flowing Western Dvina and Neman Rivers and the south-flowing Dnepr River and its tributaries, the Berezina, Sozh, and Pripyat Rivers)

Albanien

41 km (2011) (on the Bojana River)

Niederlande

6,237 km (2012) (navigable by ships up to 50 tons)

Disputes - international

Belarus

Belarus-Latvia: boundary demarcated with Latvia

Belarus-Lithuania: boundary demarcated with Lithuania.

Belarus-Poland: as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Poland has implemented strict Schengen border rules to restrict illegal immigration and trade along its border with Belarus.

Albanien

none identified

Niederlande

none identified