Capital

Zypern

name: Nicosia (Lefkosia/Lefkosa)

geographic coordinates: 35 10 N, 33 22 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: a mispronunciation of the city's Greek name Lefkosia and its Turkish name Lefkosa, both of which mean "White City"; the Greek name may derive from the Greek phrase "leuke ousia" ("white estate")

Armenien

name: Yerevan

geographic coordinates: 40 10 N, 44 30 E

time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: name likely derives from the ancient Urartian fortress of Erebuni established on the current site of Yerevan in 782 B.C. and whose impressive ruins still survive

Citizenship

Zypern

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cyprus

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Armenien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Armenia

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 3 years

Legal system

Zypern

mixed legal system of English common law and civil law with European law supremacy

Armenien

civil law system

Suffrage

Zypern

18 years of age; universal

Armenien

18 years of age; universal

Area

Zypern

total: 9,251 sq km (of which 3,355 sq km are in north Cyprus)

land: 9,241 sq km

water: 10 sq km

Armenien

total: 29,743 sq km

land: 28,203 sq km

water: 1,540 sq km

Land use

Zypern

agricultural land: 13.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 9.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 18.8% (2018 est.)

other: 67.8% (2018 est.)

Armenien

agricultural land: 59.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 15.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 42% (2018 est.)

forest: 9.1% (2018 est.)

other: 31.2% (2018 est.)

Location

Zypern

Middle East, island in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey; note - Cyprus views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

Armenien

Southwestern Asia, between Turkey (to the west) and Azerbaijan; note - Armenia views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

Age structure

Zypern

0-14 years: 15.63% (male 104,950/female 99,515)

15-64 years: 70.36% (male 484,087/female 436,271)

65 years and over: 14.01% (2023 est.) (male 79,897/female 103,400)

Armenien

0-14 years: 17.98% (male 282,055/female 255,313)

15-64 years: 67.53% (male 999,784/female 1,018,891)

65 years and over: 14.49% (2023 est.) (male 178,824/female 254,224)

Birth rate

Zypern

10.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Armenien

10.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Zypern

7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Armenien

9.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Zypern

Greek (official) 80.9%, Turkish (official) 0.2%, English 4.1%, Romanian 2.9%, Russian 2.5%, Bulgarian 2.2%, Arabic 1.2%, Filipino 1.1%, other 4.3%, unspecified 0.6%; note - data represent only the Republic of Cyprus (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Armenien

Armenian (official) 97.9%, Kurmanji (spoken by Yezidi minority) 1%, other 1.1%; note - Russian is widely spoken (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Աշխարհի Փաստագիրք, Անփոխարինելի Աղբյւր Հիմնական Տեղեկատվւթյան. (Armenian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Zypern

total population: 80 years (2023 est.)

male: 77.2 years

female: 82.9 years

Armenien

total population: 76.4 years (2023 est.)

male: 73.1 years

female: 79.9 years

Major urban areas - population

Zypern

269,000 NICOSIA (capital) (2018)

Armenien

1.095 million YEREVAN (capital) (2023)

Median age

Zypern

total: 39.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 37.9 years

female: 40.6 years

Armenien

total: 38.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 36.9 years

female: 39.8 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Zypern

30 years (2020 est.)

note: data represents only government-controlled areas

Armenien

25.2 years (2019 est.)

Net migration rate

Zypern

6.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Armenien

-5.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Zypern

population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca

Armenien

most of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the capital of Yerevan is home to more than five times as many people as Gyumri, the second largest city in the country

Population growth rate

Zypern

1% (2023 est.)

Armenien

-0.4% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Zypern

1.48 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Armenien

1.65 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Zypern

urban population: 67% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.76% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Armenien

urban population: 63.7% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Zypern

6.1% of GDP (2020 est.)

Armenien

2.8% of GDP (2021 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Zypern

total: 16 years

male: 16 years

female: 16 years (2020)

Armenien

total: 13 years

male: 13 years

female: 14 years (2021)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Zypern

1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Armenien

-4.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Zypern

8.1% (2021 est.)

Armenien

3.4% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Zypern

655,100 (2021 est.)

Armenien

1.153 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Zypern

14.7% (2018 est.)

Armenien

26.4% (2019 est.)

Unemployment rate

Zypern

6.13% (2021 est.)

7.59% (2020 est.)

7.07% (2019 est.)

Armenien

20.9% (2021 est.)

21.21% (2020 est.)

18.3% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Zypern

97.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

106.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment

Armenien

63.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

50.03% of GDP (2019 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Zypern

2.45% (2021 est.)

-0.64% (2020 est.)

0.25% (2019 est.)

Armenien

7.18% (2021 est.)

1.21% (2020 est.)

1.44% (2019 est.)

Exports

Zypern

$24.551 billion (2021 est.)

$20.379 billion (2020 est.)

$19.835 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Armenien

$5.012 billion (2021 est.)

$3.818 billion (2020 est.)

$5.794 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Exports - partners

Zypern

India 9%, Greece 9%, Libya 8%, United Kingdom 7% (2019)

Armenien

Russia 22%, Switzerland 20%, China 7%, Bulgaria 6%, Iraq 5%, Serbia 5%, Netherlands 5%, Germany 5% (2019)

Imports

Zypern

$23.748 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$20.711 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$19.575 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Armenien

$6.12 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$5.082 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.603 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Zypern

Greece 16%, Italy 10%, Turkey 8%, Russia 5%, Germany 5%, United Kingdom 5%, China 5% (2019)

Armenien

Russia 29%, China 10%, Georgia 8%, Iran 6%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Airports

Zypern

15 (2021)

Armenien

7 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Zypern

total: 332,080 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)

Armenien

total: 430,407 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Zypern

total: 809,900 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)

Armenien

total: 2.212 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 79% (2021 est.)

Armenien

total: 686 km (2017)

Roadways

Zypern

total: 12,901 km (2016)

government control: 12,901 km (2016) (includes 272 km of expressways)

paved: 8,631 km (2016)

unpaved: 4,270 km (2016)

Turkish Cypriot control: 7,000 km (2011)

Armenien

total: 7,700 km (2019)

urban: 3,780 km

non-urban: 3,920 km

Telephones - fixed lines

Zypern

total subscriptions: 304,581 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34 (2021 est.)

Armenien

total subscriptions: 418,122 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Zypern

total subscriptions: 1,320,794 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 149 (2021 est.)

Armenien

total subscriptions: 3,599,278 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 129 (2021 est.)

Disputes - international

Zypern

hostilities in 1974 divided the island into two de facto autonomous entities, the internationally recognized Cypriot Government and a Turkish-Cypriot community (north Cyprus); the 1,000-strong UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) has served in Cyprus since 1964 and maintains the buffer zone between north and south; on 1 May 2004, Cyprus entered the EU still divided, with the EU's body of legislation and standards (acquis communitaire) suspended in the north; has had maritime/economic exclusion zone disputes with Turkey, particularly over energy exploration

Armenien

local border forces struggle to control the illegal transit of goods and people across the porous, undemarcated Armenian, Azerbaijani, and Georgian borders

Armenia-Azerbaijan: tensions existed for years over the break-away Nagorno-Karabakh region and the Armenian military occupation of surrounding lands in Azerbaijan; Azerbaijan seized part of the enclave during six weeks of fighting in 2020 and the remainder in a short conflict in September 2023; in October 2023, Baku and Yerevan began preliminary discussions on a peace treaty, the demarcation of borders, and full normalization of relations; nevertheless, concerns persist in Armenia that Azerbaijan could invade in order to force the establishment of a transit corridor to the exclave of Naxicvan (Nakhichevan) 

Armenia-Georgia: Georgians restrict Armenian access into Samtse-Javakheti ethnic Armenian areas; Armenia has made no claims to the region

Armenia-Iran: none identified

Armenia-Turkey: as of 2023, Turkey and Armenia were discussing normalizing relations