Capital

Zypern

name: Nicosia (Lefkosia/Lefkosa)

geographic coordinates: 35 10 N, 33 22 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: a mispronunciation of the city's Greek name Lefkosia and its Turkish name Lefkosa, both of which mean "White City"; the Greek name may derive from the Greek phrase "leuke ousia" ("white estate")

Mali

name: Bamako

geographic coordinates: 12 39 N, 8 00 W

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name in the Bambara language can mean either "crocodile tail" or "crocodile river" and three crocodiles appear on the city seal

Citizenship

Zypern

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cyprus

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Mali

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Mali

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Legal system

Zypern

mixed legal system of English common law and civil law with European law supremacy

Mali

civil law system based on the French civil law model and influenced by customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Constitutional Court

Suffrage

Zypern

18 years of age; universal

Mali

18 years of age; universal

Area

Zypern

total: 9,251 sq km (of which 3,355 sq km are in north Cyprus)

land: 9,241 sq km

water: 10 sq km

Mali

total: 1,240,192 sq km

land: 1,220,190 sq km

water: 20,002 sq km

Land use

Zypern

agricultural land: 13.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 9.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 18.8% (2018 est.)

other: 67.8% (2018 est.)

Mali

agricultural land: 34.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 5.6% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 28.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 10.2% (2018 est.)

other: 55.7% (2018 est.)

Location

Zypern

Middle East, island in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Turkey; note - Cyprus views itself as part of Europe; geopolitically, it can be classified as falling within Europe, the Middle East, or both

Mali

interior Western Africa, southwest of Algeria, north of Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and Burkina Faso, west of Niger

Age structure

Zypern

0-14 years: 15.63% (male 104,950/female 99,515)

15-64 years: 70.36% (male 484,087/female 436,271)

65 years and over: 14.01% (2023 est.) (male 79,897/female 103,400)

Mali

0-14 years: 47.05% (male 5,054,927/female 4,995,605)

15-64 years: 49.88% (male 5,006,470/female 5,647,289)

65 years and over: 3.07% (2023 est.) (male 323,170/female 332,261)

Birth rate

Zypern

10.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Mali

40.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Zypern

7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Mali

8.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Zypern

Greek (official) 80.9%, Turkish (official) 0.2%, English 4.1%, Romanian 2.9%, Russian 2.5%, Bulgarian 2.2%, Arabic 1.2%, Filipino 1.1%, other 4.3%, unspecified 0.6%; note - data represent only the Republic of Cyprus (2011 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Mali

Bambara (official), French 17.2%, Peuhl/Foulfoulbe/Fulani 9.4%, Dogon 7.2%, Maraka/Soninke 6.4%, Malinke 5.6%, Sonrhai/Djerma 5.6%, Minianka 4.3%, Tamacheq 3.5%, Senoufo 2.6%, Bobo 2.1%, other 6.3%, unspecified 0.7% (2009 est.)

note: Mali has 13 national languages in addition to its official language

Life expectancy at birth

Zypern

total population: 80 years (2023 est.)

male: 77.2 years

female: 82.9 years

Mali

total population: 62.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 60.6 years

female: 65.1 years

Major urban areas - population

Zypern

269,000 NICOSIA (capital) (2018)

Mali

2.929 million BAMAKO (capital) (2023)

Median age

Zypern

total: 39.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 37.9 years

female: 40.6 years

Mali

total: 16.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 15.6 years

female: 17 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Zypern

30 years (2020 est.)

note: data represents only government-controlled areas

Mali

19.2 years (2018 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49

Net migration rate

Zypern

6.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Mali

-3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Zypern

population concentrated in central Nicosia and in the major cities of the south: Paphos, Limassol, and Larnaca

Mali

the overwhelming majority of the population lives in the southern half of the country, with greater density along the border with Burkina Faso as shown in this population distribution map

Population growth rate

Zypern

1% (2023 est.)

Mali

2.93% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Zypern

1.48 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Mali

5.45 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Zypern

urban population: 67% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.76% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Mali

urban population: 46.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 4.57% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Zypern

6.1% of GDP (2020 est.)

Mali

4.4% of GDP (2021 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Zypern

total: 16 years

male: 16 years

female: 16 years (2020)

Mali

total: 7 years

male: 8 years

female: 7 years (2017)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Zypern

1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Mali

-2.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Zypern

8.1% (2021 est.)

Mali

1.01% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Zypern

655,100 (2021 est.)

Mali

7.9 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Zypern

14.7% (2018 est.)

Mali

42.1% (2019 est.)

Unemployment rate

Zypern

6.13% (2021 est.)

7.59% (2020 est.)

7.07% (2019 est.)

Mali

7.72% (2021 est.)

7.7% (2020 est.)

7.44% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Zypern

97.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

106.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data exclude debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment

Mali

35.4% of GDP (2017 est.)

36% of GDP (2016 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Zypern

2.45% (2021 est.)

-0.64% (2020 est.)

0.25% (2019 est.)

Mali

3.93% (2021 est.)

0.44% (2020 est.)

-1.66% (2019 est.)

Exports

Zypern

$24.551 billion (2021 est.)

$20.379 billion (2020 est.)

$19.835 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Mali

$5.196 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$4.442 billion (2019 est.)

$4.186 billion (2018 est.)

Exports - partners

Zypern

India 9%, Greece 9%, Libya 8%, United Kingdom 7% (2019)

Mali

United Arab Emirates 66%, Switzerland 26% (2019)

Imports

Zypern

$23.748 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$20.711 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$19.575 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Mali

$6.339 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$6.559 billion (2019 est.)

$6.081 billion (2018 est.)

Imports - partners

Zypern

Greece 16%, Italy 10%, Turkey 8%, Russia 5%, Germany 5%, United Kingdom 5%, China 5% (2019)

Mali

Senegal 23%, Cote d'Ivoire 15%, China 11%, France 9% (2019)

Airports

Zypern

15 (2021)

Mali

25 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Zypern

total: 332,080 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)

Mali

total: 243,806 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Zypern

total: 809,900 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)

Mali

total: 7.48 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 34% (2021 est.)

Mali

total: 593 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 593 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

Roadways

Zypern

total: 12,901 km (2016)

government control: 12,901 km (2016) (includes 272 km of expressways)

paved: 8,631 km (2016)

unpaved: 4,270 km (2016)

Turkish Cypriot control: 7,000 km (2011)

Mali

total: 139,107 km (2018)

Telephones - fixed lines

Zypern

total subscriptions: 304,581 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34 (2021 est.)

Mali

total subscriptions: 301,055 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Zypern

total subscriptions: 1,320,794 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 149 (2021 est.)

Mali

total subscriptions: 21,882,251 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 100 (2021 est.)

Mali

1,800 km (2011) (downstream of Koulikoro; low water levels on the River Niger cause problems in dry years; in the months before the rainy season the river is not navigable by commercial vessels)

Disputes - international

Zypern

hostilities in 1974 divided the island into two de facto autonomous entities, the internationally recognized Cypriot Government and a Turkish-Cypriot community (north Cyprus); the 1,000-strong UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) has served in Cyprus since 1964 and maintains the buffer zone between north and south; on 1 May 2004, Cyprus entered the EU still divided, with the EU's body of legislation and standards (acquis communitaire) suspended in the north; has had maritime/economic exclusion zone disputes with Turkey, particularly over energy exploration

Mali

Mali-Burkina Faso: demarcation is underway with Burkina Faso