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Daten & Fakten

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti
Flagge: Belgien Belgien
Flagge: Großbritannien Großbritannien
Capital

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

name: Djibouti

geographic coordinates: 11 35 N, 43 09 E

time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the origin of the name is disputed; multiple descriptions, possibilities, and theories have been proposed

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

name: Brussels

geographic coordinates: 50 50 N, 4 20 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: may derive from the Old Dutch bruoc/broek, meaning "marsh" and sella/zele/sel signifying "home" to express the meaning "home in the marsh"

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

name: London

geographic coordinates: 51 30 N, 0 05 W

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

time zone note: the time statements apply to the United Kingdom proper, not to its crown dependencies or overseas territories

etymology: the name derives from the Roman settlement of Londinium, established on the current site of London around A.D. 43; the original meaning of the name is uncertain
Citizenship

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the mother must be a citizen of Djibouti

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Belgium

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the United Kingdom

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

mixed legal system based primarily on the French civil code (as it existed in 1997), Islamic religious law (in matters of family law and successions), and customary law

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

civil law system based on the French Civil Code; note - Belgian law continues to be modified in conformance with the legislative norms mandated by the European Union; judicial review of legislative acts

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

common law system; has nonbinding judicial review of Acts of Parliament under the Human Rights Act of 1998
Suffrage

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

18 years of age; universal

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

18 years of age; universal
Area

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total: 23,200 sq km

land: 23,180 sq km

water: 20 sq km

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total: 30,528 sq km

land: 30,278 sq km

water: 250 sq km

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 243,610 sq km

land: 241,930 sq km

water: 1,680 sq km

note 1: the percentage area breakdown of the four UK countries is: England 53%, Scotland 32%, Wales 9%, and Northern Ireland 6%

note 2: includes Rockall and the Shetland Islands, which are part of Scotland
Land use

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

agricultural land: 73.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 0.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 73.3% (2018 est.)

forest: 0.2% (2018 est.)

other: 26.4% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

agricultural land: 44.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 27.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 16.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 22.4% (2018 est.)

other: 33.5% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

agricultural land: 71% (2018 est.)

arable land: 25.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 45.7% (2018 est.)

forest: 11.9% (2018 est.)

other: 17.1% (2018 est.)
Location

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between France and the Netherlands

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

Western Europe, islands - including the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland - between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea; northwest of France
Age structure

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

0-14 years: 28.65% (male 140,365/female 139,299)

15-64 years: 67.21% (male 284,488/female 371,529)

65 years and over: 4.15% (2023 est.) (male 17,757/female 22,705)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

0-14 years: 17.03% (male 1,038,921/female 990,288)

15-64 years: 63.06% (male 3,788,406/female 3,724,202)

65 years and over: 19.91% (2023 est.) (male 1,049,402/female 1,322,414)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

0-14 years: 16.91% (male 5,901,611/female 5,620,070)

15-64 years: 64.03% (male 21,997,962/female 21,628,742)

65 years and over: 19.06% (2023 est.) (male 5,953,187/female 7,036,912)
Birth rate

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

22 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

10.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

10.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

7.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

9.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

Dutch (official) 60%, French (official) 40%, German (official) less than 1%

major-language sample(s):
Het Wereld Feitenboek, een onmisbare bron van informatie. (Dutch)

The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

English

note: the following are recognized regional languages: Scots (about 30% of the population of Scotland), Scottish Gaelic (about 60,000 speakers in Scotland), Welsh (about 20% of the population of Wales), Irish (about 10% of the population of Northern Ireland), Cornish (some 2,000 to 3,000 people in Cornwall) (2012 est.)
Life expectancy at birth

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total population: 65.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 63 years

female: 68.3 years

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total population: 82.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 79.5 years

female: 84.8 years

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total population: 82.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 80 years

female: 84.2 years
Major urban areas - population

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

600,000 DJIBOUTI (capital) (2023)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

2.122 million BRUSSELS (capital), 1.057 million Antwerp (2023)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.648 million LONDON (capital), 2.791 million Manchester, 2.665 million Birmingham, 1.929 million West Yorkshire, 1.698 million Glasgow, 952,000 Southampton/Portsmouth (2023)
Median age

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total: 26 years (2023 est.)

male: 24.1 years

female: 27.6 years

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total: 41.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 40.7 years

female: 43 years

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 40.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 39.9 years

female: 41.4 years

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

29.2 years (2020 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

29 years (2018 est.)

note: data represents England and Wales only
Net migration rate

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

4.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

4.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

most densely populated areas are in the east; the largest city is Djibouti, with a population over 600,000; no other city in the country has a total population over 50,000 as shown in this population distribution map

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

most of the population concentrated in the northern two-thirds of the country; the southeast is more thinly populated; considered to have one of the highest population densities in the world; approximately 97% live in urban areas

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

the core of the population lies in and around London, with significant clusters found in central Britain around Manchester and Liverpool, in the Scottish lowlands between Edinburgh and Glasgow, southern Wales in and around Cardiff, and far eastern Northern Ireland centered on Belfast
Population growth rate

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

1.93% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

0.55% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

0.49% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

2.13 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

1.77 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

1.63 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

urban population: 78.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.56% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

urban population: 98.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.38% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

urban population: 84.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.8% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

3.6% of GDP (2018 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

6.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

5.5% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total: 7 years

male: 7 years

female: 7 years (2011)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 20 years (2020)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 17 years

male: 17 years

female: 18 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

-9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

-1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

-1.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

-4.43% (2020 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

1.28% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.12% (2021 est.)
Labor force

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

240,500 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

5.24 million (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

34.637 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

21.1% (2017 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

14.8% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

18.6% (2017 est.)
Unemployment rate

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

28.39% (2021 est.)

28.39% (2020 est.)

26.36% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

6.42% (2021 est.)

5.55% (2020 est.)

5.36% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

4.53% (2021 est.)

4.47% (2020 est.)

3.74% (2019 est.)
Public debt

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

31.8% of GDP (2017 est.)

33.7% of GDP (2016 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

119.43% of GDP (2020 est.)

103.38% of GDP (2019 est.)

101.39% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions; general government debt is defined by the Maastricht definition and calculated by the National Bank of Belgium as consolidated gross debt; the debt is defined in European Regulation EC479/2009 concerning the implementation of the protocol on the excessive deficit procedure annexed to the Treaty on European Union (Treaty of Maastricht) of 7 February 1992; the sub-sectors of consolidated gross debt are: federal government, communities and regions, local government, and social security funds

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

195.39% of GDP (2020 est.)

160.02% of GDP (2019 est.)

157.8% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

1.78% (2020 est.)

3.32% (2019 est.)

0.15% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

2.44% (2021 est.)

0.74% (2020 est.)

1.44% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

2.52% (2021 est.)

0.99% (2020 est.)

1.74% (2019 est.)
Exports

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

$5.16 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$3.695 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$5.15 billion (2019 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

$515.625 billion (2021 est.)

$417.222 billion (2020 est.)

$441.566 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

$874.5 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$791.7 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$893.1 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

Saudi Arabia 42%, India 15%, China 14%, Egypt 5%, South Korea 5% (2019)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

Germany 17%, France 14%, Netherlands 13%, United Kingdom 8%, United States 6%, Italy 5% (2019)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

United States 13%, Germany 9%, Netherlands 8%, Ireland 7%, Switzerland 6% (2021)
Imports

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

$5.483 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$3.425 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$4.764 billion (2019 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

$509.018 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$408.343 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$438.221 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

$898.719 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$783.438 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$939.349 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

China 43%, United Arab Emirates 15%, India 7%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

Netherlands 16%, Germany 13%, France 10%, United States 8%, Ireland 5%, China 5% (2019)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

China 13%, Germany 11%, United States 8%, Netherlands 6%, Norway 5% (2021)
Airports

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

13 (2021)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

41 (2021)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

460 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total: 25,053 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total: 4,734,210 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 41 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 27,330,297 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40 (2020 est.)
Internet users

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total: 759,000 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 69% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total: 10.92 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 64.99 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 97% (2021 est.)
Railways

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total: 97 km (2017) (Djibouti segment of the 756 km Addis Ababa-Djibouti railway)

standard gauge: 97 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total: 3,602 km (2020) 3,160 km electrified

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 16,390 km (2020) 6,167 km electrified
Roadways

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total: 2,893 km (2013)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total: 118,414 km (2015)

paved: 118,414 km (2015) (includes 1,747 km of expressways)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 394,428 km (2009)

paved: 394,428 km (2009) (includes 3,519 km of expressways)
Telephones - fixed lines

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total subscriptions: 27,326 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total subscriptions: 3,293,420 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 28 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total subscriptions: 33 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

total subscriptions: 489,339 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 44 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

total subscriptions: 11,740,118 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 101 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total subscriptions: 80 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

2,043 km (2012) (1,528 km in regular commercial use)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

3,200 km (2009) (620 km used for commerce)
Disputes - international

Flagge: Dschibuti Dschibuti

Djibouti-Somalia: Djibouti maintains economic ties and border accords with "Somaliland" leadership while maintaining some political ties to various factions in Somalia

Djibouti-Eritrea: in 2008, Eritrean troops moved across the border on Ras Doumera peninsula and occupied Doumera Island with undefined sovereignty in the Red Sea, sparking a brief conflict; Qatar mediated and provided peacekeepers until 2017; Djibouti accused Eritrea of reoccupying the area in 2017 after Qatari troops were withdrawn; Djibouti and Eritrea agreed to normalize relations in 2018

Djibouti-Ethiopia: the Ethiopia-Djibouti relationship has been relatively harmonious, and there have been no major disputes along their shared border

Flagge: Belgien Belgien

none identified

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

UK-Argentina: UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

UK-Argentina-Chile: the UK’s territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim

UK-Denmark: the UK, Iceland, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Iceland, Norway, and the Faroe Islands signed an agreement in 2019 extending the Faroe Islands’ northern continental shelf area

UK (Gibraltar)-Spain: in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement between the UK and Spain; the Government of Gibraltar insisted on equal participation in talks between the two countries; Spain disapproved of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; London and Madrid reached a temporary agreement at the end of 2020 that allowed Gibraltar to be part of the passport-free Schengen zone; talks are expected to continue in 2022

UK-Mauritius-Seychelles: Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory); in 2001, the former inhabitants of the archipelago, evicted 1967 - 1973, were granted UK citizenship and the right of return, followed by Orders in Council in 2004 that banned rehabitation, a High Court ruling reversed the ban, a Court of Appeal refusal to hear the case, and a Law Lords' decision in 2008 denied the right of return; in addition, the UK created the world's largest marine protection area around the Chagos Islands prohibiting the extraction of any natural resources therein

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