Daten & Fakten
Spanien
Afghanistan
Tschechische Republik
Capital
Spanien
name: Madrid
geographic coordinates: 40 24 N, 3 41 W
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: Spain has two time zones, including the Canary Islands (UTC 0)
etymology: the Romans named the original settlement "Matrice" after the river that ran through it; under Arab rule it became "Majerit," meaning "source of water"; in medieval Romance dialects (Mozarabic) it became "Matrit," which over time changed to "Madrid"
geographic coordinates: 40 24 N, 3 41 W
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: Spain has two time zones, including the Canary Islands (UTC 0)
etymology: the Romans named the original settlement "Matrice" after the river that ran through it; under Arab rule it became "Majerit," meaning "source of water"; in medieval Romance dialects (Mozarabic) it became "Matrit," which over time changed to "Madrid"
Afghanistan
name: Kabul
geographic coordinates: 34 31 N, 69 11 E
time difference: UTC+4.5 (9.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: does not observe daylight savings time
etymology: named for the Kabul River, but the river's name is of unknown origin
geographic coordinates: 34 31 N, 69 11 E
time difference: UTC+4.5 (9.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: does not observe daylight savings time
etymology: named for the Kabul River, but the river's name is of unknown origin
Tschechien
name:
Prague
geographic coordinates:
50 05 N, 14 28 E
time difference:
UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:
+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: the name likely derives from an old Slavic root "praga" or "prah", meaning "ford", and refers to the city's origin at a crossing point of the Vltava (Moldau) River
Citizenship
Spanien
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Spain
dual citizenship recognized: only with select Latin American countries
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years for persons with no ties to Spain
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Spain
dual citizenship recognized: only with select Latin American countries
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years for persons with no ties to Spain
Afghanistan
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must have been born in - and continuously lived in - Afghanistan
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must have been born in - and continuously lived in - Afghanistan
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Tschechien
citizenship by birth:
no
citizenship by descent only:
at least one parent must be a citizen of Czechia
dual citizenship recognized:
no
residency requirement for naturalization:
5 years
Tschechien
parliamentary republic
Legal system
Spanien
civil law system with regional variations
Afghanistan
the Taliban is implementing its own interpretation of Islamic law, which partially based on the Hanifi school of Islamic jurisprudence; before the Taliban takeover, Afghanistan had a mixed legal system of civil, customary, and Islamic law
(2021)
Tschechien
new civil code enacted in 2014, replacing civil code of 1964 - based on former Austro-Hungarian civil codes and socialist theory - and reintroducing former Czech legal terminology
Suffrage
Spanien
18 years of age; universal
Afghanistan
18 years of age; universal
Tschechien
18 years of age; universal
Area
Spanien
total: 505,370 sq km
land: 498,980 sq km
water: 6,390 sq km
note: there are two autonomous cities - Ceuta and Melilla - and 17 autonomous communities including Balearic Islands and Canary Islands, and three small Spanish possessions off the coast of Morocco - Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera
land: 498,980 sq km
water: 6,390 sq km
note: there are two autonomous cities - Ceuta and Melilla - and 17 autonomous communities including Balearic Islands and Canary Islands, and three small Spanish possessions off the coast of Morocco - Islas Chafarinas, Penon de Alhucemas, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera
Afghanistan
total: 652,230 sq km
land: 652,230 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 652,230 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Tschechien
total:
78,867 sq km
land:
77,247 sq km
water:
1,620 sq km
Land use
Spanien
agricultural land: 54.1% (2018 est.)
arable land: 24.9% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 9.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 20.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 36.8% (2018 est.)
other: 9.1% (2018 est.)
arable land: 24.9% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 9.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 20.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 36.8% (2018 est.)
other: 9.1% (2018 est.)
Afghanistan
agricultural land: 58.1% (2018 est.)
arable land: 11.8% (2018)
permanent crops: 0.3% (2018)
permanent pasture: 46% (2018)
forest: 1.8% (2018 est.)
other: 40.1% (2018)
arable land: 11.8% (2018)
permanent crops: 0.3% (2018)
permanent pasture: 46% (2018)
forest: 1.8% (2018 est.)
other: 40.1% (2018)
Tschechien
agricultural land:
54.8%
(2011 est.)
arable land:
41%
(2011 est.)
/
permanent crops:
1%
(2011 est.)
/
permanent pasture:
12.8%
(2011 est.)
forest:
34.4%
(2011 est.)
other:
10.8%
(2011 est.)
Location
Spanien
Southwestern Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic Ocean, Bay of Biscay, and Pyrenees Mountains; southwest of France
Afghanistan
Southern Asia, north and west of Pakistan, east of Iran
Tschechien
Central Europe, between Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and Austria
Age structure
Spanien
0-14 years: 13.37% (male 3,226,491/female 3,087,271)
15-64 years: 66.13% (male 15,649,418/female 15,577,164)
65 years and over: 20.5% (2023 est.) (male 4,169,949/female 5,512,320)
15-64 years: 66.13% (male 15,649,418/female 15,577,164)
65 years and over: 20.5% (2023 est.) (male 4,169,949/female 5,512,320)
Afghanistan
0-14 years: 39.8% (male 7,926,748/female 7,686,979)
15-64 years: 57.35% (male 11,413,654/female 11,084,665)
65 years and over: 2.85% (2023 est.) (male 515,147/female 604,810)
15-64 years: 57.35% (male 11,413,654/female 11,084,665)
65 years and over: 2.85% (2023 est.) (male 515,147/female 604,810)
Tschechien
0-14 years:
15.21%
(male 834,800 /female 790,128)
15-24 years:
9.34%
(male 514,728 /female 483,546)
25-54 years:
43.79%
(male 2,404,724 /female 2,275,309)
55-64 years:
12.24%
(male 638,130 /female 669,959)
65 years and over:
19.42%
(male 865,455 /female 1,209,490)
(2018 est.)
Birth rate
Spanien
7.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Afghanistan
34.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Tschechien
9.2 births/1,000 population
(2018 est.)
Death rate
Spanien
10.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Afghanistan
12.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Tschechien
10.50
Languages
Spanien
Castilian Spanish (official nationwide) 74%, Catalan (official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and the Valencian Community (where it is known as Valencian)) 17%, Galician (official in Galicia) 7%, Basque (official in the Basque Country and in the Basque-speaking area of Navarre) 2%, Aranese (official in the northwest corner of Catalonia (Vall d'Aran) along with Catalan, <5,000 speakers); note - Aragonese, Aranese Asturian, Basque, Calo, Catalan, Galician, and Valencian are recognized as regional languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Afghanistan
Afghan Persian or Dari (official, lingua franca) 77%, Pashto (official) 48%, Uzbeki 11%, English 6%, Turkmani 3%, Urdu 3%, Pachaie 1%, Nuristani 1%, Arabic 1%, Balochi 1%, other <1% (2020 est.)
major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
note 1: percentages sum to more than 100% because many people are multilingual
note 2: Uzbeki, Turkmani, Pachaie, Nuristani, Balochi, and Pamiri are the third official languages in areas where the majority speaks them
major-language sample(s):
کتاب حقایق جهان، مرجعی ضروری برای اطلاعات اولیە (Dari)
د دنیا د حقائېقو کتاب، بنیادی معلوماتو لپاره ضروری سرچینه- (Pashto)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
note 1: percentages sum to more than 100% because many people are multilingual
note 2: Uzbeki, Turkmani, Pachaie, Nuristani, Balochi, and Pamiri are the third official languages in areas where the majority speaks them
Tschechien
Czech (official) 95.4%, Slovak 1.6%, other 3%
(2011 census)
Life expectancy at birth
Spanien
total population: 82.8 years (2023 est.)
male: 80.1 years
female: 85.6 years
male: 80.1 years
female: 85.6 years
Afghanistan
total population: 54.1 years (2023 est.)
male: 52.5 years
female: 55.7 years
male: 52.5 years
female: 55.7 years
Tschechien
78.90
Major urban areas - population
Spanien
6.751 million MADRID (capital), 5.687 million Barcelona, 838,000 Valencia (2023)
Afghanistan
4.589 million KABUL (capital) (2023)
Tschechien
1.292 million PRAGUE (capital)
(2018)
Median age
Spanien
total: 46.3 years (2023 est.)
male: 45.2 years
female: 47.4 years
male: 45.2 years
female: 47.4 years
Afghanistan
total: 19.9 years (2023 est.)
male: 19.8 years
female: 20 years
male: 19.8 years
female: 20 years
Tschechien
total:
42.5 years
male:
41.2 years
female:
43.8 years
(2018 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
Spanien
31.2 years (2020 est.)
Afghanistan
19.9 years (2015 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Tschechien
28.1 years
(2014 est.)
Net migration rate
Spanien
4.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Afghanistan
-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Tschechien
2.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2018 est.)
Population distribution
Spanien
with the notable exception of Madrid, Sevilla, and Zaragoza, the largest urban agglomerations are found along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts; numerous smaller cities are spread throughout the interior reflecting Spain's agrarian heritage; very dense settlement around the capital of Madrid, as well as the port city of Barcelona
Afghanistan
populations tend to cluster in the foothills and periphery of the rugged Hindu Kush range; smaller groups are found in many of the country's interior valleys; in general, the east is more densely settled, while the south is sparsely populated
Tschechien
a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, but the northern and eastern regions tend to have larger urban concentrations
Population growth rate
Spanien
0.12% (2023 est.)
Afghanistan
2.26% (2023 est.)
Tschechien
0.1%
(2018 est.)
Total fertility rate
Spanien
1.29 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Afghanistan
4.53 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Tschechien
1.46 children born/woman
(2018 est.)
Urbanization
Spanien
urban population: 81.6% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.24% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
note: data include Canary Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla
rate of urbanization: 0.24% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
note: data include Canary Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla
Afghanistan
urban population: 26.9% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 3.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 3.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Tschechien
rate of urbanization:
0.21% annual rate of change
(2015-20 est.)
Education expenditures
Spanien
4.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
Afghanistan
2.9% of GDP (2020 est.)
Tschechien
5.80
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Spanien
total: 18 years
male: 18 years
female: 19 years (2020)
male: 18 years
female: 19 years (2020)
Afghanistan
total: 10 years
male: 13 years
female: 8 years (2018)
male: 13 years
female: 8 years (2018)
Tschechien
female:
18 years
(2016)
Tschechien
4.30
Tschechien
26.90
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Spanien
-3.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Afghanistan
-15.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Tschechien
1.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
Tschechien
$375,900,000,000
Industrial production growth rate
Spanien
4.03% (2021 est.)
Afghanistan
-14.19% (2021 est.)
Tschechien
7.50
Tschechien
7.9
Tschechien
$35,500
Tschechien
5,427,000
Tschechien
2.90
Labor force
Spanien
23.382 million (2021 est.)
Afghanistan
9.39 million (2021 est.)
Tschechien
5,427,000
Population below poverty line
Spanien
20.7% (2018 est.)
Afghanistan
54.5% (2016 est.)
Tschechien
9.7%
(2015 est.)
Unemployment rate
Spanien
14.73% (2021 est.)
15.53% (2020 est.)
14.1% (2019 est.)
15.53% (2020 est.)
14.1% (2019 est.)
Afghanistan
13.28% (2021 est.)
11.71% (2020 est.)
11.22% (2019 est.)
11.71% (2020 est.)
11.22% (2019 est.)
Tschechien
2.9%
(2017 est.)
3.9%
(2016 est.)
Tschechien
total:
7.9%
male:
7.4%
female:
8.7%
(2017 est.)
Tschechien
34.70
Public debt
Spanien
141.22% of GDP (2020 est.)
108.99% of GDP (2019 est.)
104.74% of GDP (2018 est.)
108.99% of GDP (2019 est.)
104.74% of GDP (2018 est.)
Afghanistan
7% of GDP (2017 est.)
7.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
7.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
Tschechien
34.70
Tschechien
2.40
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Spanien
3.09% (2021 est.)
-0.32% (2020 est.)
0.7% (2019 est.)
-0.32% (2020 est.)
0.7% (2019 est.)
Afghanistan
2.3% (2019 est.)
0.63% (2018 est.)
4.98% (2017 est.)
0.63% (2018 est.)
4.98% (2017 est.)
Tschechien
2.40
Tschechien
0.05
Tschechien
0.05
Tschechien
$144,800,000,000
Exports
Spanien
$497.868 billion (2021 est.) ; note: data are in current year dollars
$393.774 billion (2020 est.) ; note: data are in current year dollars
$486.633 billion (2019 est.) ; note: data are in current year dollars
$393.774 billion (2020 est.) ; note: data are in current year dollars
$486.633 billion (2019 est.) ; note: data are in current year dollars
Afghanistan
$1.476 billion (2020 est.)
$1.516 billion (2019 est.)
$1.609 billion (2018 est.)
note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
$1.516 billion (2019 est.)
$1.609 billion (2018 est.)
note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
Tschechien
$144,800,000,000
Exports - partners
Spanien
France 15%, Germany 11%, Italy 8%, Portugal 8%, United Kingdom 7%, United States 5% (2019)
Afghanistan
United Arab Emirates 45%, Pakistan 24%, India 22%, China 1% (2019)
Tschechien
Germany 32.8%, Slovakia 7.8%, Poland 6.1%, France 5.1%, UK 4.9%, Austria 4.4%, Italy 4.1%
(2017)
Tschechien
$134,700,000,000
Imports
Spanien
$476.678 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$375.087 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$445.719 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$375.087 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$445.719 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Afghanistan
$6.983 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$7.371 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$7.988 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$7.371 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$7.988 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Tschechien
$134,700,000,000
Imports - partners
Spanien
Germany 13%, France 11%, China 8%, Italy 7% (2019)
Afghanistan
United Arab Emirates 23%, Pakistan 17%, India 13%, Uzbekistan 7%, China 9% (2021)
Tschechien
Germany 29.8%, Poland 9.1%, China 7.4%, Slovakia 5.8%, Netherlands 5.3%, Italy 4%
(2017)
Tschechien
$185,600,000,000
Tschechien
$54,390,000,000
Tschechien
$54.39 billion
(31 December 2017 est.)
$43.09 billion
(31 December 2016 est.)
Tschechien
$185,600,000,000
Tschechien
77,390,000,000
Tschechien
62,340,000,000
Tschechien
24,790,000,000
Tschechien
13,820,000,000
Tschechien
2,000
Tschechien
446
Tschechien
155,900
Tschechien
229,400,000
Tschechien
2017 est.
Tschechien
8,891,000,000
Tschechien
1,616,631
Tschechien
12,634,937
Tschechien
8,141,303
Tschechien
3,060,597
Tschechien
128
Tschechien
9,622
Tschechien
130,661
Tschechien
664
Airports
Spanien
135 (2021)
Afghanistan
46 (2021)
Tschechien
128
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Spanien
total: 16,188,502 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35 (2020 est.)
Afghanistan
total: 26,570 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.1 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.1 (2020 est.)
Tschechien
total:
3,060,597
(2017 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:
29
(2017 est.)
Tschechien
446
Tschechien
155,900 bbl/day
(2017 est.)
Tschechien
2,000 bbl/day
(2017 est.)
Tschechien
62,340,000,000
Tschechien
24,790,000,000
Tschechien
13,820,000,000
Tschechien
77,390,000,000
Internet users
Spanien
total: 44.18 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 94% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 94% (2021 est.)
Afghanistan
total: 7.02 million (2020 est.)
percent of population: 18% (2020 est.)
percent of population: 18% (2020 est.)
Tschechien
total:
8,141,303
(July 2016 est.)
Tschechien
0
Tschechien
8.891 billion cu m
(2017 est.)
Tschechien
229.4 million cu m
(2017 est.)
Railways
Spanien
total: 15,489 km (2020) 9,953 km electrified
Tschechien
total:
9,408 km
(2017)
standard gauge:
9,385 km
1.435-m gauge (3,218 km electrified)
(2017)
narrow gauge:
10,223 km
0.760-m gauge
(2017)
Roadways
Spanien
total: 683,175 km (2011)
paved: 683,175 km (2011) (includes 16,205 km of expressways)
paved: 683,175 km (2011) (includes 16,205 km of expressways)
Afghanistan
total: 34,903 km (2017)
paved: 17,903 km (2017)
unpaved: 17,000 km (2017)
paved: 17,903 km (2017)
unpaved: 17,000 km (2017)
Tschechien
55,744
Telephones - fixed lines
Spanien
total subscriptions: 19,075,931 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40 (2021 est.)
Afghanistan
total subscriptions: 150,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
Tschechien
total subscriptions:
1,616,631
(2017 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants:
15
(2017 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Spanien
total subscriptions: 56,805,348 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2021 est.)
Afghanistan
total subscriptions: 23 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 57 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 57 (2021 est.)
Tschechien
12,634,937
Waterways
Spanien
1,000 km (2012)
Afghanistan
1,200 km (2011) (chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to 500 DWT)
Tschechien
664
Disputes - international
Spanien
Spain-Andorra: none identified
Spain-France: none identified
Spain-Gibraltar (UK): in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement; the Government of Gibraltar insists on equal participation in talks between the UK and Spain; Spain does not recognize British sovereignty beyond the original fortified perimeter of the city and disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; after voters in the UK chose to leave the EU in a June 2016 referendum, Spain again proposed shared sovereignty of Gibraltar; UK officials rejected Spain’s joint sovereignty proposal
Spain-Morocco: Morocco protests Spain's control over the coastal enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and the islands of Penon de Velez de la Gomera, Penon de Alhucemas, and Islas Chafarinas, and surrounding waters; both countries claim Isla Perejil (Leila Island), which remains unoccupied but was the site of a military standoff in 2002; Morocco serves as the primary embarkation area for illegal migration into mainland Spain from North Africa
Spain-Portugal: Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza based on a difference of interpretation of the 1815 Congress of Vienna and the 1801 Treaty of Badajoz
Afghanistan
Afghanistan-China: none identified
Afghanistan-Iran: Afghan and Iranian commissioners have discussed boundary monument densification and resurvey; Iran protests Afghanistan's restricting flow of dammed Helmand River tributaries during drought
Afghanistan-Pakistan: Pakistan has built fences in some portions of its border with Afghanistan which remains open in some areas to terrorist and other illegal activities; their alignments may not always be in conformance with the Durand Line and original surveyed definitions of the boundary; Pakistan demarcates the Durand Line differently from Afghanistan, and thus portions of the Pakistani fence may lie within what Afghanistan (and most of the international community, including the US) would consider Afghan territory; successive governments in Afghanistan, including the Taliban, have not accepted the 1947 demarcation line
Afghanistan-Tajikistan: none identified
Afghanistan-Turkmenistan: none identified
Afghanistan-Uzbekistan: none identified; boundary follows Amu Darya River as delimited in the Afghan-Soviet treaties and not by the river's current course; the boundary was delimited and possibly demarcated during Soviet times (pre-1991); no current negotiations between Afghanistan and Uzbekistan to redelimit the boundary have been identified
Tschechien
none
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