Daten & Fakten
Gabun
Vietnam
Nigeria
Capital
Gabun
name: Libreville
geographic coordinates: 0 23 N, 9 27 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: original site settled by freed slaves and the name means "free town" in French; named in imitation of Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone
geographic coordinates: 0 23 N, 9 27 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: original site settled by freed slaves and the name means "free town" in French; named in imitation of Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone
Vietnam
name: Hanoi (Ha Noi)
geographic coordinates: 21 02 N, 105 51 E
time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the city has had many names in its history going back to A.D. 1010 when it first became the capital of imperial Vietnam; in 1831, it received its current name of Ha Noi, meaning "between the rivers," which refers to its geographic location
geographic coordinates: 21 02 N, 105 51 E
time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the city has had many names in its history going back to A.D. 1010 when it first became the capital of imperial Vietnam; in 1831, it received its current name of Ha Noi, meaning "between the rivers," which refers to its geographic location
Nigeria
name: Abuja
geographic coordinates: 9 05 N, 7 32 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Abuja is a planned capital city, it replaced Lagos in 1991; situated in the center of the country, Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja
geographic coordinates: 9 05 N, 7 32 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Abuja is a planned capital city, it replaced Lagos in 1991; situated in the center of the country, Abuja takes its name from a nearby town, now renamed Suleja
Citizenship
Gabun
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Gabon
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Gabon
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years
Vietnam
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Vietnam
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Vietnam
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Nigeria
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Nigeria
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 15 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Nigeria
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 15 years
Legal system
Gabun
mixed legal system of French civil law and customary law
Vietnam
civil law system; note - the civil code of 2005 reflects a European-style civil law
Nigeria
mixed legal system of English common law, Islamic law (in 12 northern states), and traditional law
Suffrage
Gabun
18 years of age; universal
Vietnam
18 years of age; universal
Nigeria
18 years of age; universal
Area
Gabun
total: 267,667 sq km
land: 257,667 sq km
water: 10,000 sq km
land: 257,667 sq km
water: 10,000 sq km
Vietnam
total: 331,210 sq km
land: 310,070 sq km
water: 21,140 sq km
land: 310,070 sq km
water: 21,140 sq km
Nigeria
total: 923,768 sq km
land: 910,768 sq km
water: 13,000 sq km
land: 910,768 sq km
water: 13,000 sq km
Land use
Gabun
agricultural land: 19% (2018 est.)
arable land: 1.2% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.6% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 17.2% (2018 est.)
forest: 81% (2018 est.)
other: 0% (2018 est.)
arable land: 1.2% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.6% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 17.2% (2018 est.)
forest: 81% (2018 est.)
other: 0% (2018 est.)
Vietnam
agricultural land: 34.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 20.6% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 2.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 45% (2018 est.)
other: 20.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 20.6% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 2.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 45% (2018 est.)
other: 20.2% (2018 est.)
Nigeria
agricultural land: 78% (2018 est.)
arable land: 37.3% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 7.4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 33.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 9.5% (2018 est.)
other: 12.5% (2018 est.)
arable land: 37.3% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 7.4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 33.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 9.5% (2018 est.)
other: 12.5% (2018 est.)
Location
Gabun
Central Africa, bordering the Atlantic Ocean at the Equator, between Republic of the Congo and Equatorial Guinea
Vietnam
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, as well as China, Laos, and Cambodia
Nigeria
Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon
Age structure
Gabun
0-14 years: 35.04% (male 424,741/female 415,342)
15-64 years: 60.76% (male 765,729/female 690,931)
65 years and over: 4.2% (2023 est.) (male 50,920/female 49,705)
15-64 years: 60.76% (male 765,729/female 690,931)
65 years and over: 4.2% (2023 est.) (male 50,920/female 49,705)
Vietnam
0-14 years: 23.44% (male 12,975,791/female 11,593,157)
15-64 years: 68.69% (male 36,280,449/female 35,705,586)
65 years and over: 7.87% (2023 est.) (male 3,346,804/female 4,897,387)
15-64 years: 68.69% (male 36,280,449/female 35,705,586)
65 years and over: 7.87% (2023 est.) (male 3,346,804/female 4,897,387)
Nigeria
0-14 years: 40.69% (male 47,978,838/female 45,940,446)
15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948)
65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) (male 3,635,334/female 4,123,030)
15-64 years: 55.95% (male 64,923,147/female 64,241,948)
65 years and over: 3.36% (2023 est.) (male 3,635,334/female 4,123,030)
Birth rate
Gabun
25.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Vietnam
15.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Nigeria
34 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Gabun
5.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Vietnam
5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Nigeria
8.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Gabun
French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira, Bandjabi
Vietnam
Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer, mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)
major-language sample(s):
Dữ kiện thế giới, là nguồn thông tin cơ bản không thể thiếu. (Vietnamese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
Dữ kiện thế giới, là nguồn thông tin cơ bản không thể thiếu. (Vietnamese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Nigeria
English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani, over 500 additional indigenous languages
Life expectancy at birth
Gabun
total population: 70 years (2023 est.)
male: 68.3 years
female: 71.8 years
male: 68.3 years
female: 71.8 years
Vietnam
total population: 75.8 years (2023 est.)
male: 73.2 years
female: 78.6 years
male: 73.2 years
female: 78.6 years
Nigeria
total population: 61.8 years (2023 est.)
male: 59.9 years
female: 63.8 years
male: 59.9 years
female: 63.8 years
Major urban areas - population
Gabun
870,000 LIBREVILLE (capital) (2023)
Vietnam
9.321 million Ho Chi Minh City, 5.253 million HANOI (capital), 1.865 million Can Tho, 1.423 million Hai Phong, 1.221 million Da Nang, 1.111 million Bien Hoa (2023)
Nigeria
15.946 million Lagos, 4.348 million Kano, 3.875 million Ibadan, 3.840 million ABUJA (capital), 3.480 million Port Harcourt, 1.905 million Benin City (2023)
Median age
Gabun
total: 21.8 years (2023 est.)
male: 22.2 years
female: 21.3 years
male: 22.2 years
female: 21.3 years
Vietnam
total: 32.7 years (2023 est.)
male: 31.6 years
female: 33.8 years
male: 31.6 years
female: 33.8 years
Nigeria
total: 19.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 18.9 years
female: 19.4 years
male: 18.9 years
female: 19.4 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
Gabun
19.6 years (2012 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
Nigeria
20.4 years (2018 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Net migration rate
Gabun
3.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Vietnam
-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Nigeria
-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Gabun
the relatively small population is spread in pockets throughout the country; the largest urban center is the capital of Libreville, located along the Atlantic coast in the northwest as shown in this population distribution map
Vietnam
though it has one of the highest population densities in the world, the population is not evenly dispersed; clustering is heaviest along the South China Sea and Gulf of Tonkin, with the Mekong Delta (in the south) and the Red River Valley (in the north) having the largest concentrations of people
Nigeria
largest population of any African nation; significant population clusters are scattered throughout the country, with the highest density areas being in the south and southwest as shown in this population distribution map
Population growth rate
Gabun
2.39% (2023 est.)
Vietnam
0.93% (2023 est.)
Nigeria
2.53% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Gabun
3.26 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Vietnam
2.04 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Nigeria
4.57 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Gabun
urban population: 91% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 2.27% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 2.27% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Vietnam
urban population: 39.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Nigeria
urban population: 54.3% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 3.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 3.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Gabun
3.2% of GDP (2020 est.)
Vietnam
4.1% of GDP (2020 est.)
Nigeria
0.5% of GDP (2013)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Gabun
-1.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Vietnam
-6.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Nigeria
-1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Gabun
3.2% (2021 est.)
Vietnam
3.58% (2021 est.)
Nigeria
-0.47% (2021 est.)
Labor force
Gabun
718,400 (2021 est.)
Vietnam
56.203 million (2021 est.)
Nigeria
65.116 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
Gabun
33.4% (2017 est.)
Vietnam
6.7% (2018 est.)
Nigeria
40.1% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
Gabun
22.26% (2021 est.)
21.97% (2020 est.)
20.74% (2019 est.)
21.97% (2020 est.)
20.74% (2019 est.)
Vietnam
2.17% (2021 est.)
2.39% (2020 est.)
2.04% (2019 est.)
2.39% (2020 est.)
2.04% (2019 est.)
Nigeria
9.79% (2021 est.)
9.71% (2020 est.)
8.53% (2019 est.)
9.71% (2020 est.)
8.53% (2019 est.)
Public debt
Gabun
62.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
64.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
64.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
Vietnam
58.5% of GDP (2017 est.)
59.9% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
59.9% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Nigeria
21.8% of GDP (2017 est.)
19.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
19.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Gabun
1.18% (2020 est.)
2.46% (2019 est.)
4.75% (2018 est.)
2.46% (2019 est.)
4.75% (2018 est.)
Vietnam
1.83% (2021 est.)
3.22% (2020 est.)
2.8% (2019 est.)
3.22% (2020 est.)
2.8% (2019 est.)
Nigeria
16.95% (2021 est.)
13.25% (2020 est.)
11.4% (2019 est.)
13.25% (2020 est.)
11.4% (2019 est.)
Exports
Gabun
$10.8 billion (2019 est.)
$9.533 billion (2018 est.)
$9.145 billion (2017 est.)
$9.533 billion (2018 est.)
$9.145 billion (2017 est.)
Vietnam
$339.984 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$290.229 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$280.826 billion (2019 est.)
$290.229 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$280.826 billion (2019 est.)
Nigeria
$50.856 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$39.937 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$69.927 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$39.937 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$69.927 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners
Gabun
China 63%, Singapore 5% (2019)
Vietnam
US 28%, China 17%, South Korea 6%, Japan 6%, Hong Kong 4% (2021)
Nigeria
India 16%, Spain 12%, United States 6%, France 6%, China 5% (2021)
Imports
Gabun
$5.02 billion (2019 est.)
$4.722 billion (2018 est.)
$4.749 billion (2017 est.)
$4.722 billion (2018 est.)
$4.749 billion (2017 est.)
Vietnam
$338.021 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$269.808 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$261.683 billion (2019 est.)
$269.808 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$261.683 billion (2019 est.)
Nigeria
$66.107 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$72.178 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$100.82 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$72.178 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$100.82 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Gabun
France 22%, China 17%, Belgium 6%, United States 6%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)
Vietnam
China 39%, South Korea 17%, Japan 5%, Taiwan 4%, Thailand 4% (2021)
Nigeria
China 36%, India 8%, Netherlands 7%, United States 7%, Belgium 4% (2021)
Airports
Gabun
44 (2021)
Vietnam
45 (2021)
Nigeria
54 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Gabun
total: 44,607 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est.)
Vietnam
total: 16,699,249 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)
Nigeria
total: 65,313 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.03 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.03 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Gabun
total: 1.656 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 72% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 72% (2021 est.)
Vietnam
total: 71.78 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 74% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 74% (2021 est.)
Nigeria
total: 115.5 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 55% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 55% (2021 est.)
Railways
Gabun
total: 649 km (2014)
standard gauge: 649 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
standard gauge: 649 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
Vietnam
total: 2,600 km (2014)
standard gauge: 178 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge; 253 km mixed gauge
narrow gauge: 2,169 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
standard gauge: 178 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge; 253 km mixed gauge
narrow gauge: 2,169 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
Nigeria
total: 3,798 km (2014)
standard gauge: 293 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 3,505 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge
note: as of the end of 2018, there were only six operational locomotives in Nigeria primarily used for passenger service; the majority of the rail lines are in a severe state of disrepair and need to be replaced
standard gauge: 293 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 3,505 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge
note: as of the end of 2018, there were only six operational locomotives in Nigeria primarily used for passenger service; the majority of the rail lines are in a severe state of disrepair and need to be replaced
Roadways
Gabun
total: 14,300 km (2001)
paved: 900 km (2001)
unpaved: 13,400 km (2001)
paved: 900 km (2001)
unpaved: 13,400 km (2001)
Vietnam
total: 195,468 km (2013)
paved: 148,338 km (2013)
unpaved: 47,130 km (2013)
paved: 148,338 km (2013)
unpaved: 47,130 km (2013)
Nigeria
total: 195,000 km (2017)
paved: 60,000 km (2017)
unpaved: 135,000 km (2017)
paved: 60,000 km (2017)
unpaved: 135,000 km (2017)
Telephones - fixed lines
Gabun
total subscriptions: 31,708 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2021 est.)
Vietnam
total subscriptions: 3.1 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2021 est.)
Nigeria
total subscriptions: 106,385 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
Telephones - mobile cellular
Gabun
total subscriptions: 3,144,609 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2021 est.)
Vietnam
total subscriptions: 140 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)
Nigeria
total subscriptions: 195,128,265 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 91 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 91 (2021 est.)
Waterways
Gabun
1,600 km (2010) (310 km on Ogooue River)
Vietnam
47,130 km (2011) (30,831 km weight under 50 tons)
Nigeria
8,600 km (2011) (Niger and Benue Rivers and smaller rivers and creeks)
Disputes - international
Gabun
dispute with Equatorial Guinea over Mbane Island and lesser islands in the Corisco Bay submitted to ICJ in 2016
Vietnam
Vietnam-Cambodia: Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities; issues include casinos built in Cambodia near the border, narcotics trafficking, trafficking of women and children, petrol smuggling, illegal logging, and illegal migration; progress on a joint development area with Cambodia is hampered by an unresolved dispute over sovereignty of offshore islands; in December 2021, leaders from the two countries agreed to fully complete the remaining border demarcation and the upgrading of border checkpoints
Vietnam-Cambodia-Laos: Cambodia and Laos protest Vietnamese squatters and armed encroachments along border; Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities
Vietnam-China: an estimated 300,000 Vietnamese refugees reside in China; the decade-long demarcation of the China-Vietnam land boundary was completed in 2009; small territorial exchanges were made during the demarcation; China occupies the Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; cross border trafficking in women and children and illegal wildlife trade are problems along this border; In December 2021, China tightened its border controls over COVID concerns, restricting an important trade route for Vietnam
Vietnam-Laos: Laos opened a strategically important international border crossing with Vietnam in 2021, which will shorten the distance for goods and people transiting between Thailand and Vietnam
Nigeria
Nigeria-Benin: none identified
Nigeria-Cameroon: Joint Border Commission with Cameroon reviewed 2002 ICJ ruling on the entire boundary and bilaterally resolved differences, including June 2006 Greentree Agreement that immediately ceded sovereignty of the Bakassi Peninsula to Cameroon with a phaseout of Nigerian control within two years while resolving patriation issues; demarcation of the Bakassi Peninsula and adjoining border areas should be finalized in 2022; as Lake Chad’s evaporation exposed dry land, only Nigeria and Cameroon have heeded the Lake Chad Commission's admonition to ratify the delimitation treaty which also includes the Chad-Niger and Niger-Nigeria boundaries
Nigeria-Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea: the ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf of Guinea, but imprecisely defined coordinates in the ICJ decision and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River all contribute to the delay in implementation
Nigeria-Niger: none identified
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