Capital

Griechenland

name: Athens

geographic coordinates: 37 59 N, 23 44 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: Athens is the oldest European capital city; according to tradition, the city is named after Athena, the Greek goddess of wisdom; in actuality, the appellation probably derives from a lost name in a pre-Hellenic language

Liberia

name: Monrovia

geographic coordinates: 6 18 N, 10 48 W

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: named after James MONROE (1758-1831), the fifth president of the United States and supporter of the colonization of Liberia by freed slaves; one of two national capitals named for a US president, the other is Washington, D.C.

Mongolei

name: Ulaanbaatar

geographic coordinates: 47 55 N, 106 55 E

time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Saturday in March; ends last Saturday in September

time zone note: Mongolia has two time zones - Ulaanbaatar Time (8 hours in advance of UTC) and Hovd Time (7 hours in advance of UTC)

etymology: the name means "red hero" in Mongolian and honors national hero Damdin SUKHBAATAR, leader of the partisan army that with Soviet Red Army help, liberated Mongolia from Chinese occupation in the early 1920s

Citizenship

Griechenland

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Greece

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Liberia

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Liberia

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 2 years

Mongolei

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Mongolia; one parent if born within Mongolia

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Legal system

Griechenland

civil legal system based on Roman law

Liberia

mixed legal system of common law, based on Anglo-American law, and customary law

Mongolei

civil law system influenced by Soviet and Romano-Germanic legal systems; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts

Suffrage

Griechenland

17 years of age; universal and compulsory

Liberia

18 years of age; universal

Mongolei

18 years of age; universal

Area

Griechenland

total: 131,957 sq km

land: 130,647 sq km

water: 1,310 sq km

Liberia

total: 111,369 sq km

land: 96,320 sq km

water: 15,049 sq km

Mongolei

total: 1,564,116 sq km

land: 1,553,556 sq km

water: 10,560 sq km

Land use

Griechenland

agricultural land: 63.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 19.7% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 8.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 34.8% (2018 est.)

forest: 30.5% (2018 est.)

other: 6.1% (2018 est.)

Liberia

agricultural land: 28.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 5.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 2.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 20.8% (2018 est.)

forest: 44.6% (2018 est.)

other: 27.3% (2018 est.)

Mongolei

agricultural land: 73% (2018 est.)

arable land: 0.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 72.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 7% (2018 est.)

other: 20% (2018 est.)

Location

Griechenland

Southern Europe, bordering the Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey

Liberia

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cote d'Ivoire and Sierra Leone

Mongolei

Northern Asia, between China and Russia

Age structure

Griechenland

0-14 years: 14.02% (male 758,311/female 713,794)

15-64 years: 62.66% (male 3,285,484/female 3,292,524)

65 years and over: 23.31% (2023 est.) (male 1,086,188/female 1,361,294)

Liberia

0-14 years: 42.69% (male 1,187,795/female 1,162,699)

15-64 years: 54.5% (male 1,486,582/female 1,514,163)

65 years and over: 2.82% (2023 est.) (male 75,258/female 79,783)

Mongolei

0-14 years: 26.16% (male 434,400/female 417,335)

15-64 years: 68.24% (male 1,076,692/female 1,144,759)

65 years and over: 5.6% (2023 est.) (male 73,245/female 109,037)

Birth rate

Griechenland

7.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Liberia

33 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Mongolei

15.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Griechenland

12 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Liberia

8.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Mongolei

6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Griechenland

Greek (official) 99%, other (includes English and French) 1%

major-language sample(s):
Το Παγκόσμιο Βιβλίο Δεδομένων, η απαραίτητη πηγή βασικών πληροφοριών. (Greek)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Liberia

English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic group languages few of which can be written or used in correspondence

Mongolei

Mongolian 90% (official) (Khalkha dialect is predominant), Turkic, Russian (1999)

major-language sample(s):
Дэлхийн баримтат ном, үндсэн мэдээллийн зайлшгүй эх сурвалж. (Mongolian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Griechenland

total population: 81.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 79.2 years

female: 84.4 years

Liberia

total population: 61.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 59.7 years

female: 63 years

Mongolei

total population: 71.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 67.5 years

female: 76 years

Major urban areas - population

Griechenland

3.154 million ATHENS (capital), 815,000 Thessaloniki (2023)

Liberia

1.678 million MONROVIA (capital) (2023)

Mongolei

1.673 million ULAANBAATAR (capital) (2023)

Median age

Griechenland

total: 46.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 44.3 years

female: 47.9 years

Liberia

total: 19.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 19.6 years

female: 19.9 years

Mongolei

total: 31.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 29.9 years

female: 32.2 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Griechenland

30.7 years (2020 est.)

Liberia

19.1 years (2019/20 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Mongolei

20.5 years (2008 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-24

Net migration rate

Griechenland

1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Liberia

-0.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Mongolei

-0.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Griechenland

one-third of the population lives in and around metropolitan Athens; the remainder of the country has moderate population density mixed with sizeable urban clusters

Liberia

more than half of the population lives in urban areas, with approximately one-third living within an 80-km radius of Monrovia as shown in this population distribution map

Mongolei

sparsely distributed population throughout the country; the capital of Ulaanbaatar and the northern city of Darhan support the highest population densities

Population growth rate

Griechenland

-0.35% (2023 est.)

Liberia

2.37% (2023 est.)

Mongolei

0.83% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Griechenland

1.4 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Liberia

4.03 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Mongolei

1.89 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Griechenland

urban population: 80.7% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Liberia

urban population: 53.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 3.41% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Mongolei

urban population: 69.1% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Griechenland

4.4% of GDP (2020 est.)

Liberia

2.7% of GDP (2021 est.)

Mongolei

4.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Griechenland

total: 20 years

male: 20 years

female: 20 years (2020)

Mongolei

total: 15 years

male: 14 years

female: 16 years (2019)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Griechenland

0.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Liberia

-4.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Mongolei

-6.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Griechenland

10.67% (2021 est.)

Liberia

16.25% (2021 est.)

Mongolei

-2.22% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Griechenland

4.619 million (2021 est.)

Liberia

2.289 million (2021 est.)

Mongolei

1.331 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Griechenland

17.9% (2018 est.)

Liberia

50.9% (2016 est.)

Mongolei

28.4% (2018 est.)

Unemployment rate

Griechenland

14.8% (2021 est.)

16.3% (2020 est.)

17.31% (2019 est.)

Liberia

4.09% (2021 est.)

3.98% (2020 est.)

3.02% (2019 est.)

Mongolei

7.08% (2021 est.)

7.01% (2020 est.)

5.44% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Griechenland

252.29% of GDP (2020 est.)

212.38% of GDP (2019 est.)

208.84% of GDP (2018 est.)

Liberia

34.4% of GDP (2017 est.)

28.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

Mongolei

73.94% of GDP (2020 est.)

60.84% of GDP (2019 est.)

65.97% of GDP (2018 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Griechenland

1.22% (2021 est.)

-1.25% (2020 est.)

0.25% (2019 est.)

Liberia

23.56% (2018 est.)

12.42% (2017 est.)

Mongolei

7.35% (2021 est.)

3.8% (2020 est.)

7.3% (2019 est.)

Exports

Griechenland

$87.521 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$59.022 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$81.184 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Liberia

$554.013 million (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$527.345 million (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$429.592 million (2017 est.)

Mongolei

$8.95 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.646 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$8.416 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Exports - partners

Griechenland

Italy 10%, Germany 7%, Turkey 5%, Cyprus 5%, Bulgaria 5% (2019)

Liberia

Guyana 32%, Poland 10%, Switzerland 8%, Japan 7%, China 5% (2019)

Mongolei

China 73%, Switzerland 19%, Singapore 2%, South Korea 2%, Russia 1% (2021)

Imports

Griechenland

$103.532 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$71.758 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$83.192 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Liberia

$1.244 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$1.245 billion (2018 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$1.232 billion (2017 est.)

Mongolei

$9.256 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.34 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$9.249 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Griechenland

Germany 11%, China 9%, Italy 8%, Iraq 7%, Russia 6%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Liberia

China 41%, Japan 21%, South Korea 18% (2019)

Mongolei

China 37%, Russia 27%, Japan 7%, South Korea 5%, Germany 3% (2021)

Airports

Griechenland

77 (2021)

Liberia

29 (2021)

Mongolei

44 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Griechenland

total: 4,257,026 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 41 (2020 est.)

Liberia

total: 13,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.3 (2020 est.)

Mongolei

total: 307,166 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Griechenland

total: 7.8 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 78% (2021 est.)

Liberia

total: 1.768 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 34% (2021 est.)

Mongolei

total: 2.772 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 84% (2021 est.)

Railways

Griechenland

total: 2,345 km (2020) 731 km electrified

Liberia

total: 429 km (2008)

standard gauge: 345 km (2008) 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge: 84 km (2008) 1.067-m gauge

note: most sections of the railways inoperable due to damage sustained during the civil wars from 1980 to 2003, but many are being rebuilt

Mongolei

total: 1,815 km (2017)

broad gauge: 1,815 km (2017) 1.520-m gauge

note: national operator Ulaanbaatar Railway is jointly owned by the Mongolian Government and by the Russian State Railway

Roadways

Griechenland

total: 117,000 km (2018)

Liberia

total: 10,600 km (2018)

paved: 657 km (2018)

unpaved: 9,943 km (2018)

Mongolei

total: 113,200 km (2017)

paved: 10,600 km (2017)

unpaved: 102,600 km (2017)

Telephones - fixed lines

Griechenland

total subscriptions: 4,913,036 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2021 est.)

Liberia

total subscriptions: 6,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1

Mongolei

total subscriptions: 399,237 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Griechenland

total subscriptions: 11,494,008 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2021 est.)

Liberia

total subscriptions: 1.7 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32 (2021 est.)

Mongolei

total subscriptions: 4,687,304 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Griechenland

6 km (2012) (the 6-km-long Corinth Canal crosses the Isthmus of Corinth; it shortens a sea voyage by 325 km)

Mongolei

580 km (2010) (the only waterway in operation is Lake Hovsgol) (135 km); Selenge River (270 km) and Orhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry little traffic; lakes and rivers ice-free from May to September)

Disputes - international

Griechenland

Greece and Turkey continue discussions to resolve their complex maritime, air, territorial, and boundary disputes in the Aegean Sea; Greece has a security wall along a portion of its land border with Turkey to deter border crossings by migrants and has announced intentions to extend the wall along the entire border

Liberia

Liberia-Guinea: none identified

Liberia-Sierra Leone: none identified

Mongolei

none identified