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Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien
Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica
Flagge: Suriname Suriname
Capital

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

name: Jakarta; note - Indonesian lawmakers on 18 January 2022 approved the relocation of the country’s capital from Jakarta to a site on the island of Borneo between Samarinda City and the port city of Balikpapan; Nusantara ("archipelago"), the name of the new capital, is expected to be established in August 2024

geographic coordinates: 6 10 S, 106 49 E

time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

time zone note: Indonesia has three time zones

etymology: "Jakarta" derives from the Sanscrit "Jayakarta" meaning "victorious city" and refers to a successful defeat and expulsion of the Portuguese in 1527; previously the port had been named "Sunda Kelapa"

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

name: San Jose

geographic coordinates: 9 56 N, 84 05 W

time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: named in honor of Saint Joseph

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

name: Paramaribo

geographic coordinates: 5 50 N, 55 10 W

time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name may be the corruption of a Carib (Kalina) village or tribe named Parmirbo
Citizenship

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Indonesia

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 continuous years

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Suriname

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

civil law system based on the Roman-Dutch model and influenced by customary law

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

civil law system based on Spanish civil code; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

civil law system influenced by Dutch civil law; note - a new criminal code was enacted in 2017
Suffrage

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

17 years of age; universal; married persons regardless of age

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

18 years of age; universal
Area

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total: 1,904,569 sq km

land: 1,811,569 sq km

water: 93,000 sq km

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total: 51,100 sq km

land: 51,060 sq km

water: 40 sq km

note: includes Isla del Coco

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total: 163,820 sq km

land: 156,000 sq km

water: 7,820 sq km
Land use

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

agricultural land: 31.2% (2018 est.)

arable land: 13% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 6.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 51.7% (2018 est.)

other: 17.1% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

agricultural land: 37.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 4.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 6.7% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 25.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 51.5% (2018 est.)

other: 11.4% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

agricultural land: 0.5% (2018 est.)

arable land: 0.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 94.6% (2018 est.)

other: 4.9% (2018 est.)
Location

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

Central America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Nicaragua and Panama

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between French Guiana and Guyana
Age structure

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

0-14 years: 24.22% (male 34,627,270/female 33,066,304)

15-64 years: 68.1% (male 95,267,122/female 95,063,200)

65 years and over: 7.68% (2023 est.) (male 9,892,325/female 11,560,125)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

0-14 years: 21.49% (male 577,782/female 552,041)

15-64 years: 68.59% (male 1,813,827/female 1,791,510)

65 years and over: 9.92% (2023 est.) (male 238,971/female 282,481)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

0-14 years: 22.77% (male 73,914/female 71,762)

15-64 years: 69.96% (male 223,807/female 223,762)

65 years and over: 7.27% (2023 est.) (male 19,152/female 27,362)
Birth rate

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

15.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

10.7 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

15.2 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

6.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

5.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (of which the most widely spoken is Javanese); note - more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia

major-language sample(s):
Fakta Dunia, sumber informasi dasar yang sangat diperlukan. (Indonesian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

Spanish (official), English

major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

Dutch (official), English (widely spoken), Sranang Tongo (Surinamese, sometimes called Taki-Taki, is the native language of Creoles and much of the younger population and is lingua franca among others), Caribbean Hindustani (a dialect of Hindi), Javanese

major-language sample(s):
Het Wereld Feitenboek, een omnisbare bron van informatie. (Dutch)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English)
Life expectancy at birth

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total population: 73.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 71.1 years

female: 75.7 years

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total population: 79.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 77 years

female: 82.4 years

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total population: 72.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 68.9 years

female: 76.5 years
Major urban areas - population

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

11.249 million JAKARTA (capital), 3.729 million Bekasi, 3.044 million Surabaya, 3.041 million Depok, 2.674 million Bandung, 2.514 million Tangerang (2023)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

1.462 million SAN JOSE (capital) (2023)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

239,000 PARAMARIBO (capital) (2018)
Median age

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total: 31.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 30.5 years

female: 32 years

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total: 35 years (2023 est.)

male: 34.4 years

female: 35.6 years

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total: 31.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 30.7 years

female: 32.6 years
Mother's mean age at first birth

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

22.4 years (2017 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Net migration rate

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

-0.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

2.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

major concentration on the island of Java, which is considered one of the most densely populated places on earth; of the outer islands (those surrounding Java and Bali), Sumatra contains some of the most significant clusters, particularly in the south near the Selat Sunda, and along the northeastern coast near Medan; the cities of Makasar (Sulawesi), Banjarmasin (Kalimantan) are also heavily populated

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

roughly half of the nation's population resides in urban areas; the capital of San Jose is the largest city and home to approximately one-fifth of the population

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

population concentrated along the nothern coastal strip; the remainder of the country is sparsely populated
Population growth rate

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

0.76% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

0.72% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

1.11% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

1.99 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

1.4 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

1.91 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

urban population: 58.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

urban population: 82.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.5% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

urban population: 66.4% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.88% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

3.5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

6.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

5% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 14 years (2018)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total: 17 years

male: 16 years

female: 17 years (2019)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

-2.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

-6.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

-7.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

3.42% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

9.83% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

-10.92% (2021 est.)
Labor force

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

138.119 million (2021 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

2.426 million (2021 est.)

note: official estimate; excludes Nicaraguans living in Costa Rica

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

244,200 (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

9.4% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

21% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

70% (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

4.41% (2021 est.)

4.28% (2020 est.)

3.62% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

17.95% (2021 est.)

17.41% (2020 est.)

11.49% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

10.06% (2021 est.)

9.78% (2020 est.)

8.04% (2019 est.)
Public debt

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

42.92% of GDP (2020 est.)

33.73% of GDP (2019 est.)

33.14% of GDP (2018 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

48.9% of GDP (2017 est.)

44.9% of GDP (2016 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

69.3% of GDP (2017 est.)

75.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

1.56% (2021 est.)

1.92% (2020 est.)

3.03% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

1.73% (2021 est.)

0.72% (2020 est.)

2.1% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

59.11% (2021 est.)

34.89% (2020 est.)

22% (2017 est.)
Exports

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

$246.87 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$178.418 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$200.097 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

$23.761 billion (2021 est.)

$19.996 billion (2020 est.)

$22.738 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

$2.299 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.446 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.287 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

China 22%, United States 11%, Japan 8%, India 6%, Singapore 5% (2021)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

United States 38%, Netherlands 6%, Belgium 5%, Guatemala 5%, Panama 5% (2019)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

Switzerland 51%, United Arab Emirates 22%, Belgium 6%, Trinidad and Tobago 2%, Guyana 2% (2021)
Imports

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

$217.715 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$159.872 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$204.23 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

$22.298 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$17.701 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$20.314 billion (2019 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

$1.876 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$1.845 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.413 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

China 31%, Singapore 9%, Japan 7%, United States 5%, Malaysia 5% (2021)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

United States 41%, China 13%, Mexico 7% (2019)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

United States 19%, China 16%, Netherlands 15%, Trinidad and Tobago 8%, Japan 3% (2021)
Airports

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

673 (2021)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

161 (2021)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

55 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total: 11,722,218 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total: 992,725 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total: 92,270 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16 (2020 est.)
Internet users

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total: 167.4 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 62% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total: 4.316 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 83% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total: 402,600 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 66% (2021 est.)
Railways

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total: 8,159 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 8,159 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge (565 km electrified)

note: 4,816 km operational

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total: 278 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 278 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge

note: the entire rail network fell into disrepair and out of use at the end of the 20th century; since 2005, certain sections of rail have been rehabilitated
Roadways

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total: 496,607 km (2011)

paved: 283,102 km (2011)

unpaved: 213,505 km (2011)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total: 5,035 km (2017)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total: 4,304 km (2003)

paved: 1,119 km (2003)

unpaved: 3,185 km (2003)
Telephones - fixed lines

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total subscriptions: 8,998,814 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total subscriptions: 553,455 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total subscriptions: 119,977 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

total subscriptions: 365,872,608 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

total subscriptions: 7,834,435 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 152 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

total subscriptions: 906,170 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 148 (2021 est.)
Waterways

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

21,579 km (2011)

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

730 km (2011) (seasonally navigable by small craft)

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

1,200 km (2011) (most navigable by ships with drafts up to 7 m)
Disputes - international

Flagge: Indonesien Indonesien

Indonesia-Australia: all borders have been agreed upon bilaterally, but a 1997 treaty that would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet to be ratified by Indonesia's legislature; Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches

Indonesia-Malaysia: territorial disputes resulting from competing interpretations of colonial era documents have prevented a full demarcation of the land border where there are several areas under dispute; negotiations continue; the two countries have not agreed to any EEZ boundaries; disputed maritime areas includes the Ambalat block in the Celebes Sea

Indonesia-Palau: discussions on reaching an agreement on a partial EEZ boundary line continue 

Indonesia-Papua New Guinea:  Papua New Guinea ratified an agreement governing the border in 2023; migrants and separatists crossing the porous 760-kilometer (472-mile) border have complicated diplomatic relations

Indonesia-Philippines:  have ratified EEZ boundary agreements that were initially signed in 2014

Indonesia-Singapore: continue to work on finalizing their 1973 maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Indonesia's Batam Island

Indonesia-Timor Leste: as of 2023, negotiations were ongoing on remaining two segments of the land border under dispute (Bidjael Sunan-Oben and Noel Besi-Citrana) and the maritime borders from Batugade to Atauro and from Atauro to Jaco 

Indonesia-Vietnam: agreed on a continental shelf boundary agreement with Vietnam in 2003 which produced a border around 250 nautical miles long, but the two countries continue to negotiate an agreement regarding EEZ delimitations in the South China Sea

Flagge: Costa Rica Costa Rica

Costa Rica and Nicaragua regularly file border dispute cases over the delimitations of the San Juan River and the northern tip of Calero Island to the International Court of Justice (ICJ); in 2009, the ICJ ruled that Costa Rican vessels carrying out police activities could not use the river, but official Costa Rican vessels providing essential services to riverside inhabitants and Costa Rican tourists could travel freely on the river; in 2011, the ICJ provisionally ruled that both countries must remove personnel from the disputed area; in 2013, the ICJ rejected Nicaragua's 2012 suit to halt Costa Rica's construction of a highway paralleling the river on the grounds of irreparable environmental damage; in 2013, the ICJ, regarding the disputed territory, ordered that Nicaragua should refrain from dredging or canal construction and refill and repair damage caused by trenches connecting the river to the Caribbean and upheld its 2010 ruling that Nicaragua must remove all personnel; in early 2014, Costa Rica brought Nicaragua to the ICJ over offshore oil concessions in the disputed region

Flagge: Suriname Suriname

Suriname-Brazil: none identified

Suriname-France (French Guiana): in March 2021, Suriname and France signed an agreement to establish their border along the Maroni River and its tributary the Lawa River and to cooperate in combatting illegal gold mining; however, the area further south between the Litani and Marouini Rivers is still disputed, with Suriname claiming the border is along the Marouini to the east and France arguing it is along the Litani River to the west

Suriname-Guyana: the two countries dispute the territory between two rivers, known as the New River Triangle, with Suriname contending that the New River (also called the Upper Corentyne) to the west marks their common border, while Guyana asserts that the Kutari River to the east forms the border; each side claims that their river is the source of the Corentyne River that forms a border further north between the two countries; the Permanent Court of Arbitration settled the maritime boundary between Suriname and Guyana in 2007 in an area with potentially substantial oil reserves

 

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