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Daten & Fakten

Flagge: Island Island
Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien
Flagge: Großbritannien Großbritannien
Capital

Flagge: Island Island

name: Reykjavik

geographic coordinates: 64 09 N, 21 57 W

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name means "smoky bay" in Icelandic and refers to the steamy, smoke-like vapors discharged by hot springs in the area

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

name: Ljubljana

geographic coordinates: 46 03 N, 14 31 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: likely related to the Slavic root "ljub", meaning "to like" or "to love"; by tradition, the name is related to the Slovene word "ljubljena" meaning "beloved"

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

name: London

geographic coordinates: 51 30 N, 0 05 W

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

time zone note: the time statements apply to the United Kingdom proper, not to its crown dependencies or overseas territories

etymology: the name derives from the Roman settlement of Londinium, established on the current site of London around A.D. 43; the original meaning of the name is uncertain
Citizenship

Flagge: Island Island

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Iceland

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 3 to 7 years

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Slovenia; both parents if the child is born outside of Slovenia

dual citizenship recognized: yes, for select cases

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years, the last 5 of which have been continuous

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the United Kingdom

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system

Flagge: Island Island

civil law system influenced by the Danish model

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

civil law system

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

common law system; has nonbinding judicial review of Acts of Parliament under the Human Rights Act of 1998
Suffrage

Flagge: Island Island

18 years of age; universal

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

18 years of age; universal

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

18 years of age; universal
Area

Flagge: Island Island

total: 103,000 sq km

land: 100,250 sq km

water: 2,750 sq km

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total: 20,273 sq km

land: 20,151 sq km

water: 122 sq km

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 243,610 sq km

land: 241,930 sq km

water: 1,680 sq km

note 1: the percentage area breakdown of the four UK countries is: England 53%, Scotland 32%, Wales 9%, and Northern Ireland 6%

note 2: includes Rockall and the Shetland Islands, which are part of Scotland
Land use

Flagge: Island Island

agricultural land: 18.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 1.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 17.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 0.3% (2018 est.)

other: 81% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

agricultural land: 22.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 8.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.3% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 13.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 62.3% (2018 est.)

other: 14.9% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

agricultural land: 71% (2018 est.)

arable land: 25.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 45.7% (2018 est.)

forest: 11.9% (2018 est.)

other: 17.1% (2018 est.)
Location

Flagge: Island Island

Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of the United Kingdom

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

south Central Europe, Julian Alps between Austria and Croatia

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

Western Europe, islands - including the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland - between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea; northwest of France
Age structure

Flagge: Island Island

0-14 years: 19.98% (male 36,771/female 35,314)

15-64 years: 63.39% (male 115,547/female 113,212)

65 years and over: 16.63% (2023 est.) (male 28,410/female 31,618)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

0-14 years: 14.55% (male 156,499/female 148,987)

15-64 years: 62.73% (male 685,750/female 631,553)

65 years and over: 22.72% (2023 est.) (male 208,832/female 268,169)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

0-14 years: 16.91% (male 5,901,611/female 5,620,070)

15-64 years: 64.03% (male 21,997,962/female 21,628,742)

65 years and over: 19.06% (2023 est.) (male 5,953,187/female 7,036,912)
Birth rate

Flagge: Island Island

12.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

8.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

10.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate

Flagge: Island Island

6.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

10.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages

Flagge: Island Island

Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

Slovene (official) 87.7%, Croatian 2.8%, Serbo-Croatian 1.8%, Bosnian 1.6%, Serbian 1.6%, Hungarian 0.4% (official, only in municipalities where Hungarian national communities reside), Italian 0.2% (official, only in municipalities where Italian national communities reside), other or unspecified 3.9% (2002 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Svetovni informativni zvezek - neobhoden vir osnovnih informacij. (Slovene)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

English

note: the following are recognized regional languages: Scots (about 30% of the population of Scotland), Scottish Gaelic (about 60,000 speakers in Scotland), Welsh (about 20% of the population of Wales), Irish (about 10% of the population of Northern Ireland), Cornish (some 2,000 to 3,000 people in Cornwall) (2012 est.)
Life expectancy at birth

Flagge: Island Island

total population: 83.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 81.6 years

female: 86.2 years

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total population: 82 years (2023 est.)

male: 79.2 years

female: 85 years

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total population: 82.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 80 years

female: 84.2 years
Major urban areas - population

Flagge: Island Island

216,000 REYKJAVIK (capital) (2018)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

286,000 LJUBLJANA (capital) (2018)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.648 million LONDON (capital), 2.791 million Manchester, 2.665 million Birmingham, 1.929 million West Yorkshire, 1.698 million Glasgow, 952,000 Southampton/Portsmouth (2023)
Median age

Flagge: Island Island

total: 37.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 37.2 years

female: 38.4 years

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total: 45.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 44.6 years

female: 47.5 years

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 40.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 39.9 years

female: 41.4 years
Mother's mean age at first birth

Flagge: Island Island

28.7 years (2020 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

29 years (2020 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

29 years (2018 est.)

note: data represents England and Wales only
Net migration rate

Flagge: Island Island

2.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

3.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution

Flagge: Island Island

Iceland is almost entirely urban with half of the population located in and around the capital of Reykjavik; smaller clusters are primarily found along the coast in the north and west

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations; pockets in the mountainous northwest exhibit less density than elsewhere

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

the core of the population lies in and around London, with significant clusters found in central Britain around Manchester and Liverpool, in the Scottish lowlands between Edinburgh and Glasgow, southern Wales in and around Cardiff, and far eastern Northern Ireland centered on Belfast
Population growth rate

Flagge: Island Island

0.89% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

-0.08% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

0.49% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate

Flagge: Island Island

1.95 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

1.6 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

1.63 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization

Flagge: Island Island

urban population: 94% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.74% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

urban population: 56.1% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.54% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

urban population: 84.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.8% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures

Flagge: Island Island

7.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

5.8% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

5.5% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Flagge: Island Island

total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 21 years (2020)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total: 18 years

male: 17 years

female: 18 years (2020)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 17 years

male: 17 years

female: 18 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Flagge: Island Island

1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

0% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

-1.9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate

Flagge: Island Island

5.65% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

9.43% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

9.12% (2021 est.)
Labor force

Flagge: Island Island

200,300 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

1.036 million (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

34.637 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line

Flagge: Island Island

8.8% (2017 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

12% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

18.6% (2017 est.)
Unemployment rate

Flagge: Island Island

5.4% (2021 est.)

5.48% (2020 est.)

3.51% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

4.42% (2021 est.)

4.97% (2020 est.)

4.45% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

4.53% (2021 est.)

4.47% (2020 est.)

3.74% (2019 est.)
Public debt

Flagge: Island Island

100.02% of GDP (2020 est.)

89.59% of GDP (2019 est.)

81.95% of GDP (2018 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

73.6% of GDP (2017 est.)

78.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: defined by the EU's Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year in the following categories of government liabilities: currency and deposits, securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives, and loans; general government sector comprises the central, state, local government, and social security funds

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

195.39% of GDP (2020 est.)

160.02% of GDP (2019 est.)

157.8% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Flagge: Island Island

4.44% (2021 est.)

2.85% (2020 est.)

3.01% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

1.92% (2021 est.)

-0.05% (2020 est.)

1.63% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

2.52% (2021 est.)

0.99% (2020 est.)

1.74% (2019 est.)
Exports

Flagge: Island Island

$9.775 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.501 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$11.005 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

$51.634 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$41.823 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$45.516 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

$874.5 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$791.7 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$893.1 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners

Flagge: Island Island

Netherlands 24%, Spain 10%, Germany 10%, United Kingdom 9%, United States 7% (2021)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

Germany 18%, Italy 11%, Croatia 8%, Austria 7%, France 5%, Switzerland 5% (2019)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

United States 13%, Germany 9%, Netherlands 8%, Ireland 7%, Switzerland 6% (2021)
Imports

Flagge: Island Island

$10.234 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.616 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$9.891 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

$47.665 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$36.804 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$40.809 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

$898.719 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$783.438 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$939.349 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners

Flagge: Island Island

Norway 11%, Denmark 10%, Netherlands 9%, Germany 9%, China 7% (2021)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

Germany 14%, Italy 12%, Austria 8%, Switzerland 8%, China 7% (2019)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

China 13%, Germany 11%, United States 8%, Netherlands 6%, Norway 5% (2021)
Airports

Flagge: Island Island

96 (2021)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

16 (2021)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

460 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Flagge: Island Island

total: 141,816 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total: 651,604 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 31 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 27,330,297 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40 (2020 est.)
Internet users

Flagge: Island Island

total: 370,000 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 100% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total: 1.869 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 89% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 64.99 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 97% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total: 1,207 km (2020) 609 km electrified

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 16,390 km (2020) 6,167 km electrified
Roadways

Flagge: Island Island

total: 12,898 km (2012)

paved/oiled gravel: 5,647 km (2012) (excludes urban roads)

unpaved: 7,251 km (2012)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total: 38,985 km (2012)

paved: 38,985 km (2012) (includes 769 km of expressways)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total: 394,428 km (2009)

paved: 394,428 km (2009) (includes 3,519 km of expressways)
Telephones - fixed lines

Flagge: Island Island

total subscriptions: 100,482 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 27 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total subscriptions: 695,444 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 33 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total subscriptions: 33 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular

Flagge: Island Island

total subscriptions: 437,270 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 118 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

total subscriptions: 2,607,268 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 123 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

total subscriptions: 80 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

710 km (2022) (some transport on the Drava River)

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

3,200 km (2009) (620 km used for commerce)
Disputes - international

Flagge: Island Island

in 2019, Denmark signed continental shelf delimitation agreements with Iceland and Norway to parts of the continental shelf in the Ægir Basin, which is located north of the Faroe Islands

Flagge: Slowenien Slowenien

Slovenia-Austria: none identified

Slovenia-Croatia: since the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, Croatia and Slovenia have each claimed sovereignty over Piran Bay and four villages, and Slovenia has objected to Croatia's claim of an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic Sea; in 2009, however Croatia and Slovenia signed a binding international arbitration agreement to define their disputed land and maritime borders, which led Slovenia to lift its objections to Croatia joining the EU; in June 2017, the Permanent Court of Arbitration issued a ruling on the border, but Croatia had withdrawn from the proceedings in 2015 and refused to implement it; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Slovenia has implemented the strict Schengen border rules to curb illegal migration and commerce through southeastern Europe while encouraging close cross-border ties with Croatia

Slovenia-Hungary: none identified

Slovenia-Italy: none identified

Flagge: Grossbritannien Grossbritannien

UK-Argentina: UK rejects sovereignty talks requested by Argentina, which still claims the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

UK-Argentina-Chile: the UK’s territorial claim in Antarctica (British Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim

UK-Denmark: the UK, Iceland, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Iceland, Norway, and the Faroe Islands signed an agreement in 2019 extending the Faroe Islands’ northern continental shelf area

UK (Gibraltar)-Spain: in 2002, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to reject any "shared sovereignty" arrangement between the UK and Spain; the Government of Gibraltar insisted on equal participation in talks between the two countries; Spain disapproved of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy; London and Madrid reached a temporary agreement at the end of 2020 that allowed Gibraltar to be part of the passport-free Schengen zone; talks are expected to continue in 2022

UK-Mauritius-Seychelles: Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago (British Indian Ocean Territory); in 2001, the former inhabitants of the archipelago, evicted 1967 - 1973, were granted UK citizenship and the right of return, followed by Orders in Council in 2004 that banned rehabitation, a High Court ruling reversed the ban, a Court of Appeal refusal to hear the case, and a Law Lords' decision in 2008 denied the right of return; in addition, the UK created the world's largest marine protection area around the Chagos Islands prohibiting the extraction of any natural resources therein

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