Capital

Liechtenstein

name: Vaduz

geographic coordinates: 47 08 N, 9 31 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: may be a conflation from the Latin vallis (valley) and the High German diutisk (meaning "German") to produce Valdutsch ("German valley"), which over time simplified and came to refer specifically to Vaduz, the town

Äthiopien

name: Addis Ababa

geographic coordinates: 9 02 N, 38 42 E

time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the name in Amharic means "new flower" and was bestowed on the city in 1889, three years after its founding

Schweiz

name: Bern

geographic coordinates: 46 55 N, 7 28 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: origin of the name is uncertain but may derive from a 2nd century B.C. Celtic place name, possibly "berna" meaning "cleft," that was subsequently adopted by a Roman settlement

Citizenship

Liechtenstein

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Liechtenstein; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Äthiopien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Ethiopia

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 4 years

Schweiz

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Switzerland

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 12 years including at least 3 of the last 5 years prior to application

Legal system

Liechtenstein

civil law system influenced by Swiss, Austrian, and German law

Äthiopien

civil law system

Schweiz

civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts, except for federal decrees of a general obligatory character

Suffrage

Liechtenstein

18 years of age; universal

Äthiopien

18 years of age; universal

Schweiz

18 years of age; universal

Area

Liechtenstein

total: 160 sq km

land: 160 sq km

water: 0 sq km

Äthiopien

total: 1,104,300 sq km

land: 1,096,570 sq km

water: 7,730 sq km

note: area numbers are approximate since a large portion of the Ethiopia-Somalia border is undefined

Schweiz

total: 41,277 sq km

land: 39,997 sq km

water: 1,280 sq km

Land use

Liechtenstein

agricultural land: 37.6% (2018 est.)

arable land: 18.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 18.8% (2018 est.)

forest: 43.1% (2018 est.)

other: 19.3% (2018 est.)

Äthiopien

agricultural land: 36.3% (2018 est.)

arable land: 15.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 20% (2018 est.)

forest: 12.2% (2018 est.)

other: 51.5% (2018 est.)

Schweiz

agricultural land: 38.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 10.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.6% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 27.9% (2018 est.)

forest: 31.5% (2018 est.)

other: 29.8% (2018 est.)

Location

Liechtenstein

Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland

Äthiopien

Eastern Africa, west of Somalia

Schweiz

Central Europe, east of France, north of Italy

Age structure

Liechtenstein

0-14 years: 15.27% (male 3,389/female 2,718)

15-64 years: 64.38% (male 12,800/female 12,947)

65 years and over: 20.35% (2023 est.) (male 3,738/female 4,401)

Äthiopien

0-14 years: 38.91% (male 22,821,026/female 22,498,331)

15-64 years: 57.55% (male 33,345,764/female 33,672,933)

65 years and over: 3.54% (2023 est.) (male 1,887,831/female 2,236,827)

Schweiz

0-14 years: 15.49% (male 683,053/female 643,067)

15-64 years: 65.13% (male 2,800,880/female 2,777,109)

65 years and over: 19.38% (2023 est.) (male 745,501/female 914,150)

Birth rate

Liechtenstein

10.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Äthiopien

30.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Schweiz

10.2 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Liechtenstein

8.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Äthiopien

6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Schweiz

8.4 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Liechtenstein

German 91.5% (official) (Alemannic is the main dialect), Italian 1.5%, Turkish 1.3%, Portuguese 1.1%, other 4.6% (2015 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Äthiopien

Oromo (official working language of Oromia Regional State) 33.8%, Amharic (official national language) 29.3%, Somali (official working language of Somali Regional State) 6.2%, Tigrigna (Tigrinya) (official working language of Tigray Regional State) 5.9%, Sidamo 4%, Wolaytta 2.2%, Gurage 2%, Afar (official working language of Afar Regional State) 1.7%, Hadiyya 1.7%, Gamo 1.5%, Gedeo 1.3%, Opuuo 1.2%, Kafa 1.1%, other 8.1%, English (major foreign language taught in schools), Arabic (2007 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Kitaaba Addunyaa Waan Qabataamaatiif - Kan Madda Odeeffannoo bu’uraawaatiif baay’ee barbaachisaa ta’e. (Oromo)

የአለም እውነታ መጽሐፍ፣ ለመሠረታዊ መረጃ እጅግ አስፈላጊ የሆነ ምንጭ። (Amharic)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Schweiz

German (or Swiss German) (official) 62.1%, French (official) 22.8%, Italian (official) 8%, English 5.7%, Portuguese 3.5%, Albanian 3.3%, Serbo-Croatian 2.3%, Spanish 2.3%, Romansh (official) 0.5%, other 7.9%; note - German, French, Italian, and Romansh are all national and official languages; shares sum to more than 100% because respondents could indicate more than one main language (2019 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)

The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)

L'Almanacco dei fatti del mondo, l'indispensabile fonte per le informazioni di base. (Italian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Liechtenstein

total population: 82.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 80.5 years

female: 85.6 years

Äthiopien

total population: 67.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 64.9 years

female: 69.4 years

Schweiz

total population: 83.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 81.9 years

female: 85.8 years

Major urban areas - population

Liechtenstein

5,000 VADUZ (capital) (2018)

Äthiopien

5.461 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2023)

Schweiz

1.432 million Zurich, 441,000 BERN (capital) (2023)

Median age

Liechtenstein

total: 44.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 42.3 years

female: 46 years

Äthiopien

total: 20.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 20 years

female: 20.5 years

Schweiz

total: 44 years (2023 est.)

male: 43.3 years

female: 44.8 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Liechtenstein

31.3 years (2017)

Äthiopien

19.3 years (2019 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49

Schweiz

31.1 years (2020 est.)

Net migration rate

Liechtenstein

4.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Äthiopien

-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Schweiz

6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Liechtenstein

most of the population is found in the western half of the country along the Rhine River

Äthiopien

highest density is found in the highlands of the north and middle areas of the country, particularly around the centrally located capital city of Addis Ababa; the far east and southeast are sparsely populated as shown in this population distribution map

Schweiz

population distribution corresponds to elevation with the northern and western areas far more heavily populated; the higher Alps of the south limit settlement

Population growth rate

Liechtenstein

0.7% (2023 est.)

Äthiopien

2.4% (2023 est.)

Schweiz

0.78% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Liechtenstein

1.69 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Äthiopien

3.92 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Schweiz

1.59 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Liechtenstein

urban population: 14.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.15% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Äthiopien

urban population: 23.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Schweiz

urban population: 74.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.79% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Liechtenstein

2.6% of GDP (2011 est.)

Äthiopien

4.5% of GDP (2019 est.)

Schweiz

5.2% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Liechtenstein

total: 15 years

male: 16 years

female: 14 years (2020)

Äthiopien

total: 9 years

male: 8 years

female: 8 years (2012)

Schweiz

total: 17 years

male: 17 years

female: 17 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Liechtenstein

1.6% (of GDP) (2012 est.)

Äthiopien

-3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Schweiz

1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Liechtenstein

NA

Äthiopien

7.26% (2021 est.)

Schweiz

7.91% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Liechtenstein

38,520 (2015 est.) (2012)

note: 51% of the labor force in Liechtenstein commute daily from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany

Äthiopien

56.664 million (2021 est.)

Schweiz

4.963 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Liechtenstein

NA

Äthiopien

23.5% (2015 est.)

Schweiz

16% (2018 est.)

Unemployment rate

Liechtenstein

2.4% (2015)

2.4% (2014)

Äthiopien

3.69% (2021 est.)

3.24% (2020 est.)

2.33% (2019 est.)

Schweiz

5.32% (2021 est.)

4.82% (2020 est.)

4.39% (2019 est.)

Äthiopien

31.45% of GDP (2019 est.)

32.53% of GDP (2018 est.)

30.1% of GDP (2017 est.)

Schweiz

20.91% of GDP (2020 est.)

18.95% of GDP (2019 est.)

18.68% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: general government gross debt; gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future; includes debt liabilities in the form of Special Drawing Rights, currency and deposits, debt securities, loans, insurance, pensions and standardized guarantee schemes, and other accounts payable; all liabilities in the Government Financial Systems Manual 2001 system are debt, except for equity and investment fund shares and financial derivatives and employee stock options

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Liechtenstein

-0.4% (2016 est.)

-0.2% (2013)

Äthiopien

26.84% (2021 est.)

20.36% (2020 est.)

15.81% (2019 est.)

Schweiz

0.58% (2021 est.)

-0.73% (2020 est.)

0.36% (2019 est.)

Exports

Liechtenstein

$3.217 billion (2015 est.)

$3.774 billion (2014 est.)

note: trade data exclude trade with Switzerland

Äthiopien

$9.496 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.715 billion (2020 est.)

$7.588 billion (2019 est.)

Schweiz

$571.376 billion (2021 est.) ; note - data are in current year dollars

$474.236 billion (2020 est.) ; note - data are in current year dollars

$478.505 billion (2019 est.) ; note - data are in current year dollars

note: trade data exclude trade with Switzerland

Äthiopien

China 17%, United States 16%, United Arab Emirates 8%, Saudi Arabia 6%, South Korea 5%, Germany 5% (2019)

Schweiz

Germany 16%, United States 14%, United Kingdom 8%, China 7%, France 6%, India 6%, Italy 5% (2019)

Imports

Liechtenstein

$2.23 billion (2014 est.)

note: trade data exclude trade with Switzerland

Äthiopien

$20.859 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$17.17 billion (2020 est.)

$19.227 billion (2019 est.)

Schweiz

$480.522 billion (2021 est.) ; note - data are in current year dollars

$429.979 billion (2020 est.) ; note - data are in current year dollars

$413.404 billion (2019 est.) ; note - data are in current year dollars

Äthiopien

China 27%, India 9%, United Arab Emirates 9%, France 9%, United Kingdom 7% (2019)

Schweiz

Germany 21%, Italy 8%, France 6%, United States 6%, United Kingdom 5%, United Arab Emirates 5% (2019)

Äthiopien

57 (2021)

Schweiz

63 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Liechtenstein

total: 18,050 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2020 est.)

Äthiopien

total: 212,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.2 (2020 est.)

Schweiz

total: 4,028,238 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Liechtenstein

total: 37,440 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)

Äthiopien

total: 20.4 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 17% (2021 est.)

Schweiz

total: 8.352 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)

Railways

Liechtenstein

total: 9 km (2018)

standard gauge: 9 km (2018) 1.435-m gauge (electrified)

note: belongs to the Austrian Railway System connecting Austria and Switzerland

Äthiopien

total: 659 km (2017) (Ethiopian segment of the 756 km Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

standard gauge: 659 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge

note: electric railway with redundant power supplies; under joint control of Djibouti and Ethiopia and managed by a Chinese contractor

Schweiz

total: 5,296 km (2020) 5,296 km electrified; Switzerland remains the only country with a fully electrified network

Roadways

Liechtenstein

total: 630 km (2019)

Äthiopien

total: 120,171 km (2018)

Schweiz

total: 71,557 km (2017)

paved: 71,557 km (2017) (includes 1,458 of expressways)

Telephones - fixed lines

Liechtenstein

total subscriptions: 11,712 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2021 est.)

Äthiopien

total subscriptions: 890,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1

Schweiz

total subscriptions: 2,956,500 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Liechtenstein

total subscriptions: 49,264 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126 (2021 est.)

Äthiopien

total subscriptions: 65 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 54 (2021 est.)

Schweiz

total subscriptions: 11,060,700 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 127 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Liechtenstein

28 km (2010)

Schweiz

1,292 km (2010) (there are 1,227 km of waterways on lakes and rivers for public transport and 65 km on the Rhine River between Basel-Rheinfelden and Schaffhausen-Bodensee for commercial goods transport)

Disputes - international

Liechtenstein

none

Äthiopien

Ethiopia-Eritrea: Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by the 2002 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision, but neither party responded to the revised line detailed in the November 2006 EEBC Demarcation Statement

Ethiopia-Somalia: the undemarcated former British administrative line has little meaning as a political separation to rival clans within Ethiopia's Ogaden (populated largely by ethnic Somalis) and southern Somalia's Oromo region; the Somalia-based terrorist group al-Shabaab has conducted cross-border assaults into Ethiopia as recently as 2022

Ethiopia-South Sudan: while border clashes continue in the al-Fashqa (Fashaga) area, the US views the 1902 boundary treaty between Ethiopia and Sudan as being in force

Ethiopia-Sudan: Ethiopia's construction of a large dam (the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam) on the Blue Nile in northern Ethiopia since 2011 has become a focal point of relations with Egypt and Sudan; Egypt has described the giant hydroelectric project as an existential threat because of its potential to control the flow of the river that is a key source of water for the country; Ethiopia completed filling the dam in 2023

Schweiz

none identified