Daten & Fakten
Liechtenstein
Frankreich
Lettland
Capital
Liechtenstein
name: Vaduz
geographic coordinates: 47 08 N, 9 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: may be a conflation from the Latin vallis (valley) and the High German diutisk (meaning "German") to produce Valdutsch ("German valley"), which over time simplified and came to refer specifically to Vaduz, the town
geographic coordinates: 47 08 N, 9 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: may be a conflation from the Latin vallis (valley) and the High German diutisk (meaning "German") to produce Valdutsch ("German valley"), which over time simplified and came to refer specifically to Vaduz, the town
Frankreich
name: Paris
geographic coordinates: 48 52 N, 2 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: applies to metropolitan France only; for its overseas regions the time difference is UTC-4 for Guadeloupe and Martinique, UTC-3 for French Guiana, UTC+3 for Mayotte, and UTC+4 for Reunion
etymology: name derives from the Parisii, a Celtic tribe that inhabited the area from the 3rd century B.C., but who were conquered by the Romans in the 1st century B.C.; the Celtic settlement became the Roman town of Lutetia Parisiorum (Lutetia of the Parisii); over subsequent centuries it became Parisium and then just Paris
geographic coordinates: 48 52 N, 2 20 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: applies to metropolitan France only; for its overseas regions the time difference is UTC-4 for Guadeloupe and Martinique, UTC-3 for French Guiana, UTC+3 for Mayotte, and UTC+4 for Reunion
etymology: name derives from the Parisii, a Celtic tribe that inhabited the area from the 3rd century B.C., but who were conquered by the Romans in the 1st century B.C.; the Celtic settlement became the Roman town of Lutetia Parisiorum (Lutetia of the Parisii); over subsequent centuries it became Parisium and then just Paris
Lettland
name: Riga
geographic coordinates: 56 57 N, 24 06 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: of the several theories explaining the name's origin, the one relating to the city's role in Baltic and North Sea commerce is the most probable; the name is likely related to the Latvian word "rija," meaning "warehouse," where the 'j' became a 'g' under the heavy German influence in the city from the late Middle Ages to the early 20th century
geographic coordinates: 56 57 N, 24 06 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: of the several theories explaining the name's origin, the one relating to the city's role in Baltic and North Sea commerce is the most probable; the name is likely related to the Latvian word "rija," meaning "warehouse," where the 'j' became a 'g' under the heavy German influence in the city from the late Middle Ages to the early 20th century
Citizenship
Liechtenstein
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Liechtenstein; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Liechtenstein; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Frankreich
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of France
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of France
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Lettland
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Latvia
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Latvia
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
Liechtenstein
civil law system influenced by Swiss, Austrian, and German law
Frankreich
civil law; review of administrative but not legislative acts
Lettland
civil law system with traces of socialist legal traditions and practices
Suffrage
Liechtenstein
18 years of age; universal
Frankreich
18 years of age; universal
Lettland
18 years of age; universal
Area
Liechtenstein
total: 160 sq km
land: 160 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 160 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Frankreich
total: 643,801 sq km ; 551,500 sq km (metropolitan France)
land: 640,427 sq km ; 549,970 sq km (metropolitan France)
water: 3,374 sq km ; 1,530 sq km (metropolitan France)
note: the first numbers include the overseas regions of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion
land: 640,427 sq km ; 549,970 sq km (metropolitan France)
water: 3,374 sq km ; 1,530 sq km (metropolitan France)
note: the first numbers include the overseas regions of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion
Lettland
total: 64,589 sq km
land: 62,249 sq km
water: 2,340 sq km
land: 62,249 sq km
water: 2,340 sq km
Land use
Liechtenstein
agricultural land: 37.6% (2018 est.)
arable land: 18.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 18.8% (2018 est.)
forest: 43.1% (2018 est.)
other: 19.3% (2018 est.)
arable land: 18.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 18.8% (2018 est.)
forest: 43.1% (2018 est.)
other: 19.3% (2018 est.)
Frankreich
agricultural land: 52.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 33.4% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 1.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 17.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 29.2% (2018 est.)
other: 18.1% (2018 est.)
arable land: 33.4% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 1.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 17.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 29.2% (2018 est.)
other: 18.1% (2018 est.)
Lettland
agricultural land: 29.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 18.6% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 10.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 54.1% (2018 est.)
other: 16.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 18.6% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 10.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 54.1% (2018 est.)
other: 16.7% (2018 est.)
Location
Liechtenstein
Central Europe, between Austria and Switzerland
Frankreich
metropolitan France: Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgium and Spain, southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Italy and Spain;
French Guiana: Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname;
Guadeloupe: Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Puerto Rico;
Martinique: Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago;
Mayotte: Southern Indian Ocean, island in the Mozambique Channel, about halfway between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique;
Reunion: Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Lettland
Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Estonia and Lithuania
Age structure
Liechtenstein
0-14 years: 15.27% (male 3,389/female 2,718)
15-64 years: 64.38% (male 12,800/female 12,947)
65 years and over: 20.35% (2023 est.) (male 3,738/female 4,401)
15-64 years: 64.38% (male 12,800/female 12,947)
65 years and over: 20.35% (2023 est.) (male 3,738/female 4,401)
Frankreich
0-14 years: 18.04% (male 6,322,021/female 6,040,773)
15-64 years: 60.53% (male 20,846,592/female 20,632,418)
65 years and over: 21.42% (2023 est.) (male 6,409,883/female 8,270,287)
15-64 years: 60.53% (male 20,846,592/female 20,632,418)
65 years and over: 21.42% (2023 est.) (male 6,409,883/female 8,270,287)
Lettland
0-14 years: 14.92% (male 139,877/female 131,839)
15-64 years: 63.37% (male 570,902/female 583,578)
65 years and over: 21.71% (2023 est.) (male 134,809/female 260,745)
15-64 years: 63.37% (male 570,902/female 583,578)
65 years and over: 21.71% (2023 est.) (male 134,809/female 260,745)
Birth rate
Liechtenstein
10.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Frankreich
10.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Lettland
8.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Liechtenstein
8.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Frankreich
9.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Lettland
14.7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Liechtenstein
German 91.5% (official) (Alemannic is the main dialect), Italian 1.5%, Turkish 1.3%, Portuguese 1.1%, other 4.6% (2015 est.)
major-language sample(s):
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Frankreich
French (official) 100%, declining regional dialects and languages (Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish, Occitan, Picard); note - overseas departments: French, Creole patois, Mahorian (a Swahili dialect)
major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Lettland
Latvian (official) 56.3%, Russian 33.8%, other 0.6% (includes Polish, Ukrainian, and Belarusian), unspecified 9.4%; note - data represent language usually spoken at home (2011 est.)
major-language sample(s):
World Factbook, neaizstājams avots pamata informāciju. (Latvian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
World Factbook, neaizstājams avots pamata informāciju. (Latvian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
Liechtenstein
total population: 82.8 years (2023 est.)
male: 80.5 years
female: 85.6 years
male: 80.5 years
female: 85.6 years
Frankreich
total population: 82.5 years (2023 est.)
male: 79.7 years
female: 85.5 years
male: 79.7 years
female: 85.5 years
Lettland
total population: 76.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 71.8 years
female: 80.8 years
male: 71.8 years
female: 80.8 years
Major urban areas - population
Liechtenstein
5,000 VADUZ (capital) (2018)
Frankreich
11.208 million PARIS (capital), 1.761 million Lyon, 1.628 million Marseille-Aix-en-Provence, 1.079 million Lille, 1.060 million Toulouse, 1.000 million Bordeaux (2023)
Lettland
621,000 RIGA (capital) (2023)
Median age
Liechtenstein
total: 44.1 years (2023 est.)
male: 42.3 years
female: 46 years
male: 42.3 years
female: 46 years
Frankreich
total: 42.4 years (2023 est.)
male: 40.9 years
female: 44 years
male: 40.9 years
female: 44 years
Lettland
total: 45.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 41.3 years
female: 48.9 years
male: 41.3 years
female: 48.9 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
Liechtenstein
31.3 years (2017)
Frankreich
28.9 years (2020 est.)
Lettland
27.3 years (2020 est.)
Net migration rate
Liechtenstein
4.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Frankreich
1.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Lettland
-5.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Liechtenstein
most of the population is found in the western half of the country along the Rhine River
Frankreich
much of the population is concentrated in the north and southeast; although there are many urban agglomerations throughout the country, Paris is by far the largest city, with Lyon ranked a distant second
Lettland
largest concentration of people is found in and around the port and capital city of Riga; small agglomerations are scattered throughout the country
Population growth rate
Liechtenstein
0.7% (2023 est.)
Frankreich
0.21% (2023 est.)
Lettland
-1.13% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Liechtenstein
1.69 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Frankreich
1.9 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Lettland
1.55 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Liechtenstein
urban population: 14.6% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.15% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.15% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Frankreich
urban population: 81.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 0.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Lettland
urban population: 68.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: -0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: -0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Liechtenstein
2.6% of GDP (2011 est.)
Frankreich
5.5% of GDP (2020 est.)
Lettland
6% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Liechtenstein
total: 15 years
male: 16 years
female: 14 years (2020)
male: 16 years
female: 14 years (2020)
Frankreich
total: 16 years
male: 16 years
female: 16 years (2020)
male: 16 years
female: 16 years (2020)
Lettland
total: 16 years
male: 16 years
female: 17 years (2020)
male: 16 years
female: 17 years (2020)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Liechtenstein
1.6% (of GDP) (2012 est.)
Frankreich
-2.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Lettland
-0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Liechtenstein
NA
Frankreich
6.98% (2021 est.)
Lettland
1.93% (2021 est.)
Labor force
Liechtenstein
38,520 (2015 est.) (2012)
note: 51% of the labor force in Liechtenstein commute daily from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany
note: 51% of the labor force in Liechtenstein commute daily from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany
Frankreich
31.132 million (2021 est.)
Lettland
955,000 (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
Liechtenstein
NA
Frankreich
13.6% (2018 est.)
Lettland
22.9% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
Liechtenstein
2.4% (2015)
2.4% (2014)
2.4% (2014)
Frankreich
8.06% (2021 est.)
8.01% (2020 est.)
8.41% (2019 est.)
note: includes overseas territories
8.01% (2020 est.)
8.41% (2019 est.)
note: includes overseas territories
Lettland
7.6% (2021 est.)
8.1% (2020 est.)
6.31% (2019 est.)
8.1% (2020 est.)
6.31% (2019 est.)
Frankreich
123.01% of GDP (2020 est.)
104.99% of GDP (2019 est.)
101.62% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
104.99% of GDP (2019 est.)
101.62% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Lettland
36.3% of GDP (2017 est.)
37.4% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities, including sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government, and social security funds
37.4% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities, including sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government, and social security funds
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Liechtenstein
-0.4% (2016 est.)
-0.2% (2013)
-0.2% (2013)
Frankreich
1.64% (2021 est.)
0.48% (2020 est.)
1.11% (2019 est.)
0.48% (2020 est.)
1.11% (2019 est.)
Lettland
3.28% (2021 est.)
0.22% (2020 est.)
2.81% (2019 est.)
0.22% (2020 est.)
2.81% (2019 est.)
Exports
Liechtenstein
$3.217 billion (2015 est.)
$3.774 billion (2014 est.)
note: trade data exclude trade with Switzerland
$3.774 billion (2014 est.)
note: trade data exclude trade with Switzerland
Frankreich
$920.864 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$751.384 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$892.016 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$751.384 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$892.016 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Lettland
$25.248 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.768 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.539 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.768 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.539 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Frankreich
Germany 13%, Italy 8%, Belgium 8%, United States 7%, Spain 7% (2021)
Lettland
Lithuania 17%, Estonia 9%, United Kingdom 8%, Germany 7%, Russia 7% (2021)
Imports
Liechtenstein
$2.23 billion (2014 est.)
note: trade data exclude trade with Switzerland
note: trade data exclude trade with Switzerland
Frankreich
$957.717 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$796.353 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$916.214 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$796.353 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$916.214 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Lettland
$26.622 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.427 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.765 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.427 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$20.765 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Frankreich
Germany 17%, Italy 9%, Belgium 9%, Spain 8%, Netherlands 8% (2021)
Lettland
Lithuania 15%, Russia 14%, Germany 9%, Poland 8%, Estonia 8% (2021)
Frankreich
464 (2021)
Lettland
42 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Liechtenstein
total: 18,050 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2020 est.)
Frankreich
total: 30.627 million (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 47 (2020 est.)
Lettland
total: 490,569 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 26 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 26 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Liechtenstein
total: 37,440 (2021 est.)
percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)
Frankreich
total: 55.9 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 86% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 86% (2021 est.)
Lettland
total: 1.729 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 91% (2021 est.)
Railways
Liechtenstein
total: 9 km (2018)
standard gauge: 9 km (2018) 1.435-m gauge (electrified)
note: belongs to the Austrian Railway System connecting Austria and Switzerland
standard gauge: 9 km (2018) 1.435-m gauge (electrified)
note: belongs to the Austrian Railway System connecting Austria and Switzerland
Frankreich
total: 27,860 km (2020) 16,660 km electrified
narrow gauge: -5 km
narrow gauge: -5 km
Lettland
total: 2,216 km (2020) 257 km electrified
Roadways
Liechtenstein
total: 630 km (2019)
Frankreich
total: 1,053,215 km (2011)
urban: 654,201 km (2011)
non-urban: 399,014 km (2011)
urban: 654,201 km (2011)
non-urban: 399,014 km (2011)
Lettland
total: 70,244 km (2018)
paved: 15,158 km (2018)
unpaved: 55,086 km (2018)
paved: 15,158 km (2018)
unpaved: 55,086 km (2018)
Telephones - fixed lines
Liechtenstein
total subscriptions: 11,712 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2021 est.)
Frankreich
total subscriptions: 38 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2021 est.)
Lettland
total subscriptions: 191,798 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Liechtenstein
total subscriptions: 49,264 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126 (2021 est.)
Frankreich
total subscriptions: 73 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 110 (2021 est.)
Lettland
total subscriptions: 2,161,725 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 115 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 115 (2021 est.)
Waterways
Liechtenstein
28 km (2010)
Frankreich
metropolitan France: 8,501 km (1,621 km navigable by craft up to 3,000 metric tons) (2010)
Lettland
300 km (2010) (navigable year-round)
Disputes - international
Liechtenstein
none
Frankreich
Madagascar claims the French territories of Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, and Juan de Nova Island; Comoros claims Mayotte; Mauritius claims Tromelin Island; territorial dispute between Suriname and the French overseas department of French Guiana; France asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Adelie Land); France and Vanuatu claim Matthew and Hunter Islands, east of New Caledonia
Lettland
Latvia-Belarus: Belarus and Latvia signed joint demarcation map in September 2008
Latvia-Estonia: demarcation reportedly completed in 1998
Latvia-Lithuania: boundary demarcation was completed by the end of 1998; the Latvian parliament has not ratified its 1998 maritime boundary treaty with Lithuania, primarily due to concerns over oil exploration rights
Latvia-Russia: Russia demands better Latvian treatment of ethnic Russians in Latvia; in March 2007, Latvia and Russia signed a border treaty, which includes Latvia withdrawing claims to a district now in Russia that was part of Latvia before WWII; the permanent demarcation of the boundary between Latvia and Russia was completed and came into force in April 2018; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Latvia has implemented the strict Schengen border rules with Russia
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