Daten & Fakten
Mexiko
El Salvador
Capital
Mexiko
name: Mexico City (Ciudad de Mexico)
geographic coordinates: 19 26 N, 99 08 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: Mexico has four time zones
etymology: named after the Mexica, the largest and most powerful branch of the Aztecs; the meaning of the name is uncertain
geographic coordinates: 19 26 N, 99 08 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October
time zone note: Mexico has four time zones
etymology: named after the Mexica, the largest and most powerful branch of the Aztecs; the meaning of the name is uncertain
El Salvador
name: San Salvador
geographic coordinates: 13 42 N, 89 12 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Spanish for "Holy Savior" (referring to Jesus Christ)
geographic coordinates: 13 42 N, 89 12 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Spanish for "Holy Savior" (referring to Jesus Christ)
Citizenship
Mexiko
citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: not specified
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: not specified
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
El Salvador
citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
Mexiko
civil law system with US constitutional law influence; judicial review of legislative acts
El Salvador
civil law system with minor common law influence; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court
Suffrage
Mexiko
18 years of age; universal and compulsory
El Salvador
18 years of age; universal
Area
Mexiko
total: 1,964,375 sq km
land: 1,943,945 sq km
water: 20,430 sq km
land: 1,943,945 sq km
water: 20,430 sq km
El Salvador
total: 21,041 sq km
land: 20,721 sq km
water: 320 sq km
land: 20,721 sq km
water: 320 sq km
Land use
Mexiko
agricultural land: 54.9% (2018 est.)
arable land: 11.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 1.4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 41.7% (2018 est.)
forest: 33.3% (2018 est.)
other: 11.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 11.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 1.4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 41.7% (2018 est.)
forest: 33.3% (2018 est.)
other: 11.8% (2018 est.)
El Salvador
agricultural land: 74.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 33.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 10.9% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 30.7% (2018 est.)
forest: 13.6% (2018 est.)
other: 11.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 33.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 10.9% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 30.7% (2018 est.)
forest: 13.6% (2018 est.)
other: 11.7% (2018 est.)
Location
Mexiko
North America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, between Belize and the United States and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and the United States
El Salvador
Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras
Age structure
Mexiko
0-14 years: 23.76% (male 15,844,300/female 15,009,047)
15-64 years: 68.22% (male 43,086,673/female 45,518,891)
65 years and over: 8.02% (2023 est.) (male 4,560,225/female 5,856,393)
15-64 years: 68.22% (male 43,086,673/female 45,518,891)
65 years and over: 8.02% (2023 est.) (male 4,560,225/female 5,856,393)
El Salvador
0-14 years: 25.4% (male 857,304/female 819,670)
15-64 years: 66.39% (male 2,072,784/female 2,310,573)
65 years and over: 8.21% (2023 est.) (male 232,684/female 309,355)
15-64 years: 66.39% (male 2,072,784/female 2,310,573)
65 years and over: 8.21% (2023 est.) (male 232,684/female 309,355)
Birth rate
Mexiko
14 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
El Salvador
17.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Mexiko
7.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
El Salvador
5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Mexiko
Spanish only 93.8%, Spanish and indigenous languages 5.4%, indigenous only 0.6%, unspecified 0.2%; note - indigenous languages include various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional languages (2020 est.)
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
El Salvador
Spanish (official), Nawat (among some Amerindians)
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
Mexiko
total population: 73.5 years (2023 est.)
male: 70.3 years
female: 76.8 years
male: 70.3 years
female: 76.8 years
El Salvador
total population: 75.6 years (2023 est.)
male: 72.2 years
female: 79.3 years
male: 72.2 years
female: 79.3 years
Major urban areas - population
Mexiko
22.281 million MEXICO CITY (capital), 5.420 million Guadalajara, 5.117 million Monterrey, 3.345 million Puebla, 2.626 million Toluca de Lerdo, 2.260 million Tijuana (2023)
El Salvador
1.116 million SAN SALVADOR (capital) (2023)
Median age
Mexiko
total: 30.6 years (2023 est.)
male: 28.9 years
female: 32.3 years
male: 28.9 years
female: 32.3 years
El Salvador
total: 29.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 27.7 years
female: 30.7 years
male: 27.7 years
female: 30.7 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
Mexiko
21.3 years (2008 est.)
El Salvador
20.8 years (2008 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
Net migration rate
Mexiko
-0.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
El Salvador
-7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Mexiko
most of the population is found in the middle of the country between the states of Jalisco and Veracruz; approximately a quarter of the population lives in and around Mexico City
El Salvador
athough it is the smallest country in land area in Central America, El Salvador has a population that is 18 times larger than Belize; at least 20% of the population lives abroad; high population density country-wide, with particular concentration around the capital of San Salvador
Population growth rate
Mexiko
0.61% (2023 est.)
El Salvador
0.46% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Mexiko
1.73 children born/woman (2023 est.)
El Salvador
2.04 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Mexiko
urban population: 81.6% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
El Salvador
urban population: 75.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Mexiko
4.3% of GDP (2018 est.)
El Salvador
4.1% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Mexiko
total: 15 years
male: 15 years
female: 15 years (2020)
male: 15 years
female: 15 years (2020)
El Salvador
total: 12 years
male: 12 years
female: 12 years (2018)
male: 12 years
female: 12 years (2018)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Mexiko
-1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
El Salvador
-2.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Mexiko
5.44% (2021 est.)
El Salvador
9.47% (2021 est.)
Labor force
Mexiko
56.132 million (2021 est.)
El Salvador
2.658 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
Mexiko
41.9% (2018 est.)
El Salvador
22.8% (2019 est.)
Unemployment rate
Mexiko
4.38% (2021 est.)
4.45% (2020 est.)
3.48% (2019 est.)
note: underemployment may be as high as 25%
4.45% (2020 est.)
3.48% (2019 est.)
note: underemployment may be as high as 25%
El Salvador
5.94% (2021 est.)
6.25% (2020 est.)
4.17% (2019 est.)
note: data are official rates; but underemployment is high
6.25% (2020 est.)
4.17% (2019 est.)
note: data are official rates; but underemployment is high
Public debt
Mexiko
54.3% of GDP (2017 est.)
56.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
56.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
El Salvador
71.41% of GDP (2020 est.)
53.88% of GDP (2019 est.)
52.21% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: El Salvador's total public debt includes non-financial public sector debt, financial public sector debt, and central bank debt
53.88% of GDP (2019 est.)
52.21% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: El Salvador's total public debt includes non-financial public sector debt, financial public sector debt, and central bank debt
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Mexiko
5.69% (2021 est.)
3.4% (2020 est.)
3.64% (2019 est.)
3.4% (2020 est.)
3.64% (2019 est.)
El Salvador
3.47% (2021 est.)
-0.37% (2020 est.)
0.08% (2019 est.)
-0.37% (2020 est.)
0.08% (2019 est.)
Exports
Mexiko
$522.235 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$434.366 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$492.657 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$434.366 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$492.657 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
El Salvador
$8.491 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$6.295 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$8.057 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$6.295 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$8.057 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners
Mexiko
United States 75% (2019)
El Salvador
United States 40%, Guatemala 15%, Honduras 15%, Nicaragua 6% (2019)
Imports
Mexiko
$544.752 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$411.458 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$495.391 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$411.458 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$495.391 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
El Salvador
$15.754 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$10.764 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$12.469 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$10.764 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$12.469 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Mexiko
United States 54%, China 14% (2019)
El Salvador
United States 30%, China 14%, Guatemala 13%, Mexico 8%, Honduras 6% (2019)
Airports
Mexiko
1,714 (2021)
El Salvador
68 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Mexiko
total: 21,936,131 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)
El Salvador
total: 586,000 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Mexiko
total: 98.8 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 76% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 76% (2021 est.)
El Salvador
total: 3.969 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 63% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 63% (2021 est.)
Railways
Mexiko
total: 23,389 km (2017)
standard gauge: 23,389 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge (27 km electrified)
standard gauge: 23,389 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge (27 km electrified)
El Salvador
total: 12.5 km (2014)
narrow gauge: 12.5 km (2014) 0.914-mm gauge
narrow gauge: 12.5 km (2014) 0.914-mm gauge
Roadways
Mexiko
total: 704,884 km (2017)
paved: 175,526 km (2017) (includes 10,845 km of expressways)
unpaved: 529,358 km (2017)
paved: 175,526 km (2017) (includes 10,845 km of expressways)
unpaved: 529,358 km (2017)
El Salvador
total: 9,012 km (2017)
paved: 5,341 km (2017)
unpaved: 3,671 km (2017)
paved: 5,341 km (2017)
unpaved: 3,671 km (2017)
Telephones - fixed lines
Mexiko
total subscriptions: 24,366,595 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 19 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 19 (2021 est.)
El Salvador
total subscriptions: 856,090 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Mexiko
total subscriptions: 123,920,752 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 98 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 98 (2021 est.)
El Salvador
total subscriptions: 11,071,073 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 175 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 175 (2021 est.)
Waterways
Mexiko
2,900 km (2012) (navigable rivers and coastal canals mostly connected with ports on the country's east coast)
El Salvador
422 km (2022) (Rio Lempa River is partially navigable by small craft)
Disputes - international
Mexiko
Mexico-Belize: Mexico and Belize are working to solve minor border demarcation discrepancies arising from inaccuracies in the 1898 border treaty
Mexico-Guatemala: Mexico must deal with thousands of impoverished Guatemalans and other Central Americans who cross the porous border looking for work in Mexico and the US
Mexico-US: the US has intensified security measures to monitor and control legal and illegal persons, transport, and commodities across its border with Mexico
El Salvador
El Salvador-Honduras: International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras border in 1992 with final settlement by the parties in 2006 after an Organization of American States survey and a further ICJ ruling in 2003; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca with consideration of Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not mentioned in the ICJ ruling, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca.
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