Capital

Myanmar

name: Rangoon (Yangon); note - Nay Pyi Taw is the administrative capital geographic coordinates: 16 48 N, 96 09 E time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: Rangoon (Yangon) is a compound of "yan" signifying "enemies" and "koun" meaning "to run out of" and so denoting "End of Strife"; Nay Pyi Taw translates as: "Great City of the Sun" or "Abode of Kings"

Peru

name: Lima

geographic coordinates: 12 03 S, 77 03 W

time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the word "Lima" derives from the Spanish pronunciation of "Limaq," the native name for the valley in which the city was founded in 1535; "limaq" means "talker" in coastal Quechua and referred to an oracle that was situated in the valley but which was eventually destroyed by the Spanish and replaced with a church

Togo

name: Lome

geographic coordinates: 6 07 N, 1 13 E

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: Lome comes from "alotime" which in the native Ewe language means "among the alo plants"; alo trees dominated the city's original founding site

Citizenship

Myanmar

citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Burma dual citizenship recognized: no residency requirement for naturalization: none note: an applicant for naturalization must be the child or spouse of a citizen

Peru

citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 2 years

Togo

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Togo

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Regierungstyp

Myanmar

parliamentary republic

Legal system

Myanmar

mixed legal system of English common law (as introduced in codifications designed for colonial India) and customary law

Peru

civil law system

Togo

customary law system

Suffrage

Myanmar

18 years of age; universal

Peru

18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70

Togo

18 years of age; universal

Area

Myanmar

total: 676,578 sq km land: 653,508 sq km water: 23,070 sq km

Peru

total: 1,285,216 sq km

land: 1,279,996 sq km

water: 5,220 sq km

Togo

total: 56,785 sq km

land: 54,385 sq km

water: 2,400 sq km

Land use

Myanmar

agricultural land: 19.2% (2011 est.) arable land: 16.5% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 2.2% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 0.5% (2011 est.) forest: 48.2% (2011 est.) other: 32.6% (2011 est.)

Peru

agricultural land: 18.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 14.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 53% (2018 est.)

other: 28.2% (2018 est.)

Togo

agricultural land: 67.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 45.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 18.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 4.9% (2018 est.)

other: 27.7% (2018 est.)

Location

Myanmar

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Thailand

Peru

Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador

Togo

Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana

Age structure

Myanmar

0-14 years: 26.56% (male 7,556,848 /female 7,216,374) 15-24 years: 17.51% (male 4,900,092 /female 4,837,726) 25-54 years: 42.51% (male 11,577,883 /female 12,068,190) 55-64 years: 7.75% (male 2,011,057 /female 2,301,983) 65 years and over: 5.67% (male 1,373,892 /female 1,778,461) (2018 est.)

Peru

0-14 years: 26.04% (male 4,311,243/female 4,136,849)

15-64 years: 65.94% (male 10,452,598/female 10,937,233)

65 years and over: 8.02% (2023 est.) (male 1,134,587/female 1,467,662)

Togo

0-14 years: 38.98% (male 1,720,743/female 1,672,286)

15-64 years: 56.76% (male 2,413,709/female 2,526,816)

65 years and over: 4.26% (2023 est.) (male 153,461/female 216,946)

Birth rate

Myanmar

17.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Peru

17 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Togo

31.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Myanmar

7.30

Peru

11 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Togo

5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Myanmar

Burmese (official) note: minority ethnic groups use their own languages

Peru

Spanish (official) 82.9%, Quechua (official) 13.6%, Aymara (official) 1.6%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.8%, other (includes foreign languages and sign language) 0.2%, none 0.1%, unspecified 0.7% (2017 est.)

major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Togo

French (official, the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north)

Life expectancy at birth

Myanmar

68.60

Peru

total population: 68.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 65.4 years

female: 72.7 years

Togo

total population: 71.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 69.1 years

female: 74.4 years

Major urban areas - population

Myanmar

5.157 million RANGOON (Yangon) (capital), 1.374 million Mandalay (2018)

Peru

11.204 million LIMA (capital), 959,000 Arequipa, 904,000 Trujillo (2023)

Togo

1.982 million LOME (capital) (2023)

Median age

Myanmar

total: 28.5 years male: 27.7 years female: 29.4 years (2018 est.)

Peru

total: 30.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 29.1 years

female: 31.1 years

Togo

total: 20.5 years (2023 est.)

male: 19.8 years

female: 21.3 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Myanmar

25 years (2015/16 est.)

Peru

21.9 years (2013 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Togo

25 years (2017 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29

Net migration rate

Myanmar

-1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Peru

-0.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Togo

-1.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Myanmar

population concentrated along coastal areas and in general proximity to the shores of the Irrawaddy River; the extreme north is relatively underpopulated

Peru

approximately one-third of the population resides along the desert coastal belt in the west, with a strong focus on the capital city of Lima; the Andean highlands, or sierra, which is strongly identified with the country's Amerindian population, contains roughly half of the overall population; the eastern slopes of the Andes, and adjoining rainforest, are sparsely populated

Togo

one of the more densely populated African nations with most of the population residing in rural communities, density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast as shown in this population distribution map

Population growth rate

Myanmar

0.89% (2018 est.)

Peru

0.5% (2023 est.)

Togo

2.45% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Myanmar

2.13 children born/woman (2018 est.)

Peru

2.18 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Togo

4.18 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Myanmar

rate of urbanization: 1.74% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Peru

urban population: 78.9% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Togo

urban population: 44.5% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Myanmar

0.80

Peru

4% of GDP (2021 est.)

Togo

4% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Myanmar

female: 10 years (2017)

Peru

total: 15 years

male: 15 years

female: 15 years (2017)

Togo

total: 13 years

male: 14 years

female: 12 years (2017)

Country Comparison :: GDP - real growth rate

Myanmar

6.80

Country Comparison :: Gross national saving

Myanmar

17.70

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Myanmar

-3.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Peru

-3.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Togo

-3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

Myanmar

$329,800,000,000

Industrial production growth rate

Myanmar

8.90

Peru

16.44% (2021 est.)

Togo

5.32% (2020 est.)

Country Comparison :: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

Myanmar

4.0

Country Comparison :: GDP - per capita (PPP)

Myanmar

$6,300

Country Comparison :: Labor force

Myanmar

22,300,000

Country Comparison :: Unemployment rate

Myanmar

4.00

Labor force

Myanmar

22,300,000

Peru

18.352 million (2021 est.)

note: individuals older than 14 years of age

Togo

2.965 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Myanmar

25.6% (2016 est.)

Peru

20.2% (2019 est.)

Togo

55.1% (2015 est.)

Unemployment rate

Myanmar

4% (2017 est.) 4% (2016 est.)

Peru

4.83% (2021 est.)

7.18% (2020 est.)

3.38% (2019 est.)

note: data are for metropolitan Lima; widespread underemployment

Togo

4% (2021 est.)

3.94% (2020 est.)

3.72% (2019 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

Myanmar

total: 4% male: 3.3% female: 4.8% (2017 est.)

Country Comparison :: Public debt

Myanmar

33.60

Public debt

Myanmar

33.60

Peru

34.67% of GDP (2020 est.)

26.54% of GDP (2019 est.)

25.7% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued by government entities other than the treasury; the data exclude treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities

Togo

75.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

81.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

Country Comparison :: Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Myanmar

4.00

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Myanmar

4.00

Peru

4.27% (2021 est.)

2% (2020 est.)

2.25% (2019 est.)

note: data are for metropolitan Lima, annual average

Togo

1.83% (2020 est.)

0.69% (2019 est.)

0.93% (2018 est.)

Country Comparison :: Central bank discount rate

Myanmar

9.95

Central bank discount rate

Myanmar

9.95

Country Comparison :: Exports

Myanmar

$9,832,000,000

Exports

Myanmar

$9,832,000,000

Peru

$66.098 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$45.624 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$54.676 billion (2019 est.)

Togo

$1.722 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$1.665 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$1.703 billion (2018 est.)

Exports - partners

Myanmar

China 36.5%, Thailand 21.8%, Japan 6.6%, Singapore 6.4%, India 5.9% (2017)

Peru

China 29%, United States 12%, Canada 5%, South Korea 5%, Switzerland 5% (2019)

Togo

India 16%, Benin 15%, Burkina Faso 6%, France 6%, Morocco 5% (2019)

Country Comparison :: Imports

Myanmar

$15,780,000,000

Imports

Myanmar

$15,780,000,000

Peru

$58.611 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$42.093 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$51.778 billion (2019 est.)

Togo

$2.389 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.261 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.329 billion (2018 est.)

Imports - partners

Myanmar

China 31.4%, Singapore 15%, Thailand 11.1%, Saudi Arabia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.2%, Japan 6%, India 5.5%, Indonesia 4.5% (2017)

Peru

China 24%, United States 22%, Brazil 6% (2019)

Togo

China 18%, South Korea 13%, India 11%, Belgium 10%, Netherlands 8%, United States 5% (2019)

Country Comparison :: Electricity - production

Myanmar

17,320,000,000

Country Comparison :: Electricity - consumption

Myanmar

14,930,000,000

Country Comparison :: Electricity - exports

Myanmar

2016 est.

Country Comparison :: Electricity - imports

Myanmar

2016 est.

Country Comparison :: Crude oil - production

Myanmar

12,000

Country Comparison :: Crude oil - exports

Myanmar

1,824

Country Comparison :: Crude oil - imports

Myanmar

2015 est.

Country Comparison :: Natural gas - production

Myanmar

18,410,000,000

Country Comparison :: Natural gas - exports

Myanmar

14,070,000,000

Country Comparison :: Natural gas - imports

Myanmar

2017 est.

Country Comparison :: Telephones - fixed lines

Myanmar

556,112

Country Comparison :: Telephones - mobile cellular

Myanmar

47,951,228

Country Comparison :: Internet users

Myanmar

14,264,308

Country Comparison :: Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Myanmar

404,932

Country Comparison :: Airports

Myanmar

64

Country Comparison :: Railways

Myanmar

5,031

Country Comparison :: Waterways

Myanmar

12,800

Airports

Myanmar

64

Peru

191 (2021)

Togo

8 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Myanmar

total: 404,932 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (2017 est.)

Peru

total: 3.044 million (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)

Togo

total: 52,706 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.6 (2020 est.)

Crude oil - exports

Myanmar

1,824

Crude oil - imports

Myanmar

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - production

Myanmar

12,000 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Electricity - consumption

Myanmar

14,930,000,000

Electricity - exports

Myanmar

0

Electricity - imports

Myanmar

0

Electricity - production

Myanmar

17,320,000,000

Internet users

Myanmar

total: 14,264,308 (July 2016 est.)

Peru

total: 24.14 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 71% (2021 est.)

Togo

total: 3.01 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 35% (2021 est.)

Natural gas - exports

Myanmar

14,070,000,000

Natural gas - imports

Myanmar

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - production

Myanmar

18.41 billion cu m (2017 est.)

Railways

Myanmar

total: 5,031 km (2008) narrow gauge: 5,031 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)

Peru

total: 1,854.4 km (2017)

standard gauge: 1,730.4 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (34 km electrified)

narrow gauge: 124 km (2014) 0.914-m gauge

Togo

total: 568 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 568 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

Roadways

Myanmar

157,000

Peru

total: 18,699 km (2018)

paved: 18,699 km

note: includes 27,109 km of national roads (21,434 km paved), 247,505 km of departmental roads (3,623 km paved), and 113,857 km of local roads (1,858 km paved)

Togo

total: 9,951 km (2018)

paved: 1,794 km (2018)

unpaved: 8,157 km (2018)

urban: 1,783 km (2018)

Telephones - fixed lines

Myanmar

total subscriptions: 556,112 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2017 est.)

Peru

total subscriptions: 2,266,025 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)

Togo

total subscriptions: 54,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1

Telephones - mobile cellular

Myanmar

47,951,228

Peru

total subscriptions: 43,129,394 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2021 est.)

Togo

total subscriptions: 6.3 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 72 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Myanmar

12,800

Peru

8,808 km (2011) (8,600 km of navigable tributaries on the Amazon River system and 208 km on Lago Titicaca)

Togo

50 km (2011) (seasonally navigable by small craft on the Mono River depending on rainfall)

Disputes - international

Myanmar

over half of Burma's population consists of diverse ethnic groups who have substantial numbers of kin in neighboring countries; the Naf River on the border with Bangladesh serves as a smuggling and illegal transit route; Bangladesh struggles to accommodate 741,792 Rohingya, Burmese Muslim minority from Arakan State, living as refugees in Cox's Bazar; Burmese border authorities are constructing a 200 km (124 mi) wire fence designed to deter illegal cross-border transit and tensions from the military build-up along border with Bangladesh in 2010; Bangladesh referred its maritime boundary claims with Burma and India to the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea; Burmese forces attempting to dig in to the largely autonomous Shan State to rout local militias tied to the drug trade, prompts local residents to periodically flee into neighboring Yunnan Province in China; fencing along the India-Burma international border at Manipur's Moreh town is in progress to check illegal drug trafficking and movement of militants; over 100,000 mostly Karen refugees and asylum seekers fleeing civil strife, political upheaval, and economic stagnation in Burma were living in remote camps in Thailand near the border as of May 2017

Peru

Peru-Bolivia: Peru rejects Bolivia's claim to restore maritime access through a sovereign corridor through Chile along the Peruvian border

Peru-Brazil: none identified

Peru-Chile: Bolivia continues to press for a sovereign corridor to the Pacific Ocean; any concession Chile makes to Bolivia to grant them a sovereign corridor requires approval by Peru under the terms of their treaty; in January 2018, the International Court of Justice ruled that Chile is not legally obligated to negotiate a sovereign corridor to the Pacific Ocean with Bolivia

Peru-Chile-Ecuador: Chile and Ecuador rejected Peru's November 2005 unilateral legislation to shift the axis of their joint treaty-defined maritime boundaries along the parallels of latitude to equidistance lines out to 200 nautical miles, which would give Peru 37,900 square kilometers of water

Peru-Colombia: organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia have penetrated Peru's shared border; problems also include cross border illegal migration, human trafficking, and contraband smuggling

Peru-Ecuador: in 1999, Tiwinza memorial park was created on lands that remains sovereign Peruvian territory, but Ecuador has the right to maintain and administer it in perpetuity

Togo

Togo-Benin: in 2001, Benin claimed Togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission continues to resurvey the boundary; Benin’s and Togo’s Adjrala hydroelectric dam project on the Mona River, proposed in the 1990s, commenced in 2017 with funding from a Chinese bank

Togo-Burkina Faso: none identified

Togo-Ghana: none identified