Capital

Mongolei

name: Ulaanbaatar

geographic coordinates: 47 55 N, 106 55 E

time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Saturday in March; ends last Saturday in September

time zone note: Mongolia has two time zones - Ulaanbaatar Time (8 hours in advance of UTC) and Hovd Time (7 hours in advance of UTC)

etymology: the name means "red hero" in Mongolian and honors national hero Damdin SUKHBAATAR, leader of the partisan army that with Soviet Red Army help, liberated Mongolia from Chinese occupation in the early 1920s

Simbabwe

name: Harare

geographic coordinates: 17 49 S, 31 02 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: named after a village of Harare at the site of the present capital; the village name derived from a Shona chieftain, NE-HARAWA, whose name meant "he who does not sleep"

Israel

name: Jerusalem; note - the US recognized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital in December 2017 without taking a position on the specific boundaries of Israeli sovereignty

geographic coordinates: 31 46 N, 35 14 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, Friday before the last Sunday in March; ends the last Sunday in October

etymology: Jerusalem's settlement may date back to 2800 B.C.; it is named Urushalim in Egyptian texts of the 14th century B.C.; uru-shalim likely means "foundation of [by] the god Shalim", and derives from Hebrew/Semitic yry, "to found or lay a cornerstone", and Shalim, the Canaanite god of dusk and the nether world; Shalim was associated with sunset and peace and the name is based on the same S-L-M root from which Semitic words for "peace" are derived (Salam or Shalom in modern Arabic and Hebrew); this confluence has thus led to naming interpretations such as "The City of Peace" or "The Abode of Peace"

Citizenship

Mongolei

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: both parents must be citizens of Mongolia; one parent if born within Mongolia

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Simbabwe

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Zimbabwe; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Israel

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Israel

dual citizenship recognized: yes, but naturalized citizens are not allowed to maintain dual citizenship

residency requirement for naturalization: 3 out of the 5 years preceding the application for naturalization

note: Israeli law (Law of Return, 5 July 1950) provides for the granting of citizenship to any Jew - defined as a person being born to a Jewish mother or having converted to Judaism while renouncing any other religion - who immigrates to and expresses a desire to settle in Israel on the basis of the Right of aliyah; the 1970 amendment of this act extended the right to family members including the spouse of a Jew, any child or grandchild, and the spouses of children and grandchildren

Legal system

Mongolei

civil law system influenced by Soviet and Romano-Germanic legal systems; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts

Simbabwe

mixed legal system of English common law, Roman-Dutch civil law, and customary law

Israel

mixed legal system of English common law, British Mandate regulations, and Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religious laws

Suffrage

Mongolei

18 years of age; universal

Simbabwe

18 years of age; universal

Israel

18 years of age; universal; 17 years of age for municipal elections

Area

Mongolei

total: 1,564,116 sq km

land: 1,553,556 sq km

water: 10,560 sq km

Simbabwe

total: 390,757 sq km

land: 386,847 sq km

water: 3,910 sq km

Israel

total: 21,937 sq km

land: 21,497 sq km

water: 440 sq km

Land use

Mongolei

agricultural land: 73% (2018 est.)

arable land: 0.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 72.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 7% (2018 est.)

other: 20% (2018 est.)

Simbabwe

agricultural land: 42.5% (2018 est.)

arable land: 10.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 31.3% (2018 est.)

forest: 39.5% (2018 est.)

other: 18% (2018 est.)

Israel

agricultural land: 23.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 13.7% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 6.3% (2018 est.)

forest: 7.1% (2018 est.)

other: 69.1% (2018 est.)

Location

Mongolei

Northern Asia, between China and Russia

Simbabwe

Southern Africa, between South Africa and Zambia

Israel

Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Lebanon

Age structure

Mongolei

0-14 years: 26.16% (male 434,400/female 417,335)

15-64 years: 68.24% (male 1,076,692/female 1,144,759)

65 years and over: 5.6% (2023 est.) (male 73,245/female 109,037)

Simbabwe

0-14 years: 38.16% (male 2,920,951/female 2,962,652)

15-64 years: 57.32% (male 4,417,612/female 4,419,769)

65 years and over: 4.52% (2023 est.) (male 269,329/female 428,361)

Israel

0-14 years: 25.96% (male 1,200,721/female 1,146,556)

15-64 years: 61.66% (male 2,839,124/female 2,737,054)

65 years and over: 12.38% (2023 est.) (male 506,536/female 613,396)

Birth rate

Mongolei

15.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Simbabwe

29.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Israel

19.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Mongolei

6.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Simbabwe

6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Israel

5.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Mongolei

Mongolian 90% (official) (Khalkha dialect is predominant), Turkic, Russian (1999)

major-language sample(s):
Дэлхийн баримтат ном, үндсэн мэдээллийн зайлшгүй эх сурвалж. (Mongolian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Simbabwe

Shona (official; most widely spoken), Ndebele (official, second most widely spoken), English (official; traditionally used for official business), 13 minority languages (official; includes Chewa, Chibarwe, Kalanga, Koisan, Nambya, Ndau, Shangani, sign language, Sotho, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, and Xhosa)

Israel

Hebrew (official), Arabic (special status under Israeli law), English (most commonly used foreign language)

major-language sample(s):
ספר עובדות העולם, המקור החיוני למידע בסיסי (Hebrew)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Mongolei

total population: 71.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 67.5 years

female: 76 years

Simbabwe

total population: 66.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 65.2 years

female: 68.5 years

Israel

total population: 82.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 80.2 years

female: 84.3 years

Major urban areas - population

Mongolei

1.673 million ULAANBAATAR (capital) (2023)

Simbabwe

1.578 million HARARE (capital) (2023)

Israel

4.421 million Tel Aviv-Yafo, 1.174 million Haifa, 970,000 JERUSALEM (capital) (2023)

Median age

Mongolei

total: 31.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 29.9 years

female: 32.2 years

Simbabwe

total: 21 years (2023 est.)

male: 20.2 years

female: 21.8 years

Israel

total: 30.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 29.5 years

female: 30.7 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Mongolei

20.5 years (2008 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-24

Simbabwe

20.3 years (2015 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Israel

27.7 years (2019 est.)

Net migration rate

Mongolei

-0.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Simbabwe

-2.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Israel

1.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Mongolei

sparsely distributed population throughout the country; the capital of Ulaanbaatar and the northern city of Darhan support the highest population densities

Simbabwe

Aside from major urban agglomerations in Harare and Bulawayo, population distribution is fairly even, with slightly greater overall numbers in the eastern half as shown in this population distribution map

Israel

population concentrated in and around Tel-Aviv, as well as around the Sea of Galilee; the south remains sparsely populated with the exception of the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba

Population growth rate

Mongolei

0.83% (2023 est.)

Simbabwe

1.99% (2023 est.)

Israel

1.56% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Mongolei

1.89 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Simbabwe

3.51 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Israel

2.94 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Mongolei

urban population: 69.1% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Simbabwe

urban population: 32.5% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 2.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Israel

urban population: 92.9% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.51% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Mongolei

4.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Simbabwe

3.9% of GDP (2018 est.)

Israel

7.1% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Mongolei

total: 15 years

male: 14 years

female: 16 years (2019)

Simbabwe

total: 11 years

male: 12 years

female: 11 years (2013)

Israel

total: 16 years

male: 15 years

female: 17 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Mongolei

-6.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Simbabwe

-9.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Israel

-2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Mongolei

-2.22% (2021 est.)

Simbabwe

6.37% (2021 est.)

Israel

6.05% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Mongolei

1.331 million (2021 est.)

Simbabwe

7.916 million (2021 est.)

Israel

4.186 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Mongolei

28.4% (2018 est.)

Simbabwe

38.3% (2019 est.)

Israel

22% (2014 est.)

note: Israel's poverty line is $7.30 per person per day

Unemployment rate

Mongolei

7.08% (2021 est.)

7.01% (2020 est.)

5.44% (2019 est.)

Simbabwe

5.17% (2021 est.)

5.35% (2020 est.)

4.83% (2019 est.)

note: data include both unemployment and underemployment; true unemployment is unknown and, under current economic conditions, unknowable

Israel

5.05% (2021 est.)

4.33% (2020 est.)

3.8% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Mongolei

73.94% of GDP (2020 est.)

60.84% of GDP (2019 est.)

65.97% of GDP (2018 est.)

Simbabwe

82.3% of GDP (2017 est.)

69.9% of GDP (2016 est.)

Israel

72.6% of GDP (2020 est.)

59.6% of GDP (2019 est.)

60.4% of GDP (2018 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Mongolei

7.35% (2021 est.)

3.8% (2020 est.)

7.3% (2019 est.)

Simbabwe

98.55% (2021 est.)

557.2% (2020 est.)

255.3% (2019 est.)

Israel

1.49% (2021 est.)

-0.59% (2020 est.)

0.84% (2019 est.)

Exports

Mongolei

$8.95 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.646 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$8.416 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Simbabwe

$5.263 billion (2020 est.)

$5.267 billion (2019 est.)

$5.178 billion (2018 est.)

Israel

$143.884 billion (2021 est.)

$114.422 billion (2020 est.)

$117.779 billion (2019 est.)

note: data are in current year dollars

Exports - partners

Mongolei

China 73%, Switzerland 19%, Singapore 2%, South Korea 2%, Russia 1% (2021)

Simbabwe

United Arab Emirates 40%, South Africa 23%, Mozambique 9% (2019)

Israel

United States 27%, China 8%, India 4%, Germany 3%, Ireland 3% (2021)

note: Approximately, 6% of Israel's exports went to the Gaza Strip and West Bank, but official data are not available individually for the Palestinian territories.

Imports

Mongolei

$9.256 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$7.34 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$9.249 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Simbabwe

$5.489 billion (2020 est.)

$5.398 billion (2019 est.)

$7.642 billion (2018 est.)

Israel

$124.578 billion (2021 est.)

$95.977 billion (2020 est.)

$108.784 billion (2019 est.)

note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Mongolei

China 37%, Russia 27%, Japan 7%, South Korea 5%, Germany 3% (2021)

Simbabwe

South Africa 41%, Singapore 23%, China 8% (2019)

Israel

China 14%, United States 11%, Turkey 7%, Germany 7%, Switzerland 5% (2021)

Airports

Mongolei

44 (2021)

Simbabwe

196 (2021)

Israel

42 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Mongolei

total: 307,166 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)

Simbabwe

total: 203,461 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2020 est.)

Israel

total: 2,602,079 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Mongolei

total: 2.772 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 84% (2021 est.)

Simbabwe

total: 5.6 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 35% (2021 est.)

Israel

total: 8.01 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 90% (2021 est.)

Railways

Mongolei

total: 1,815 km (2017)

broad gauge: 1,815 km (2017) 1.520-m gauge

note: national operator Ulaanbaatar Railway is jointly owned by the Mongolian Government and by the Russian State Railway

Simbabwe

total: 3,427 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 3,427 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge (313 km electrified)

Israel

total: 1,497 km (2021) (2019)

standard gauge: 1,497 km (2021) 1.435-m gauge

Roadways

Mongolei

total: 113,200 km (2017)

paved: 10,600 km (2017)

unpaved: 102,600 km (2017)

Simbabwe

total: 97,267 km (2019)

paved: 18,481 km (2019)

unpaved: 78,786 km (2019)

Israel

total: 20,391 km (2021)

paved: 20,391 km (2021) (includes 449 km of expressways)

Telephones - fixed lines

Mongolei

total subscriptions: 399,237 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2021 est.)

Simbabwe

total subscriptions: 243,421 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2021 est.)

Israel

total subscriptions: 3.5 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Mongolei

total subscriptions: 4,687,304 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)

Simbabwe

total subscriptions: 14,257,590 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 89 (2021 est.)

Israel

total subscriptions: 12.5 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Mongolei

580 km (2010) (the only waterway in operation is Lake Hovsgol) (135 km); Selenge River (270 km) and Orhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry little traffic; lakes and rivers ice-free from May to September)

Simbabwe

223 km (2022) some navigation possible on Lake Kariba (223 km)

Disputes - international

Mongolei

none identified

Simbabwe

Zimbabwe-Mozambique: none identified

Zimbabwe-South Africa: South Africa has placed military units to assist police operations along the border of Lesotho, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique to control smuggling, poaching, and illegal migration

Zimbabwe-Zambia: in 2004, Zimbabwe dropped objections to plans between Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River, thereby de facto recognizing a short, but not clearly delimited, Botswana-Zambia boundary in the river; in May 2021, Botswana and Zambia agreed in principle to let Zimbabwe be a partner in the bridge project as it enters its lasts phase

Israel

Israel-Gaza Strip: Israel withdrew its settlers and military from the Gaza Strip and from four settlements in the West Bank in August 2005

Israel-Syria: Golan Heights is Israeli-controlled (Lebanon claims the Shab'a Farms area of Golan Heights); in March 2019, the US Government recognized Israel's sovereignty over the Golan Heights; since 1948, about 350 peacekeepers from the UN Truce Supervision Organization headquartered in Jerusalem monitor ceasefires, supervise armistice agreements, prevent isolated incidents from escalating, and assist other UN personnel in the region

Israel-West Bank: West Bank is Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation; in 2002, Israel began construction of a "seam line" separation barrier along parts of the Green Line and within the West Bank; as of mid-2020, plans were to continue barrier construction