Daten & Fakten
Mosambik
Vietnam
Capital
Mosambik
name: Maputo
geographic coordinates: 25 57 S, 32 35 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: reputedly named after the Maputo River, which drains into Maputo Bay south of the city
geographic coordinates: 25 57 S, 32 35 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: reputedly named after the Maputo River, which drains into Maputo Bay south of the city
Vietnam
name: Hanoi (Ha Noi)
geographic coordinates: 21 02 N, 105 51 E
time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the city has had many names in its history going back to A.D. 1010 when it first became the capital of imperial Vietnam; in 1831, it received its current name of Ha Noi, meaning "between the rivers," which refers to its geographic location
geographic coordinates: 21 02 N, 105 51 E
time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the city has had many names in its history going back to A.D. 1010 when it first became the capital of imperial Vietnam; in 1831, it received its current name of Ha Noi, meaning "between the rivers," which refers to its geographic location
Citizenship
Mosambik
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Mozambique
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Mozambique
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Vietnam
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Vietnam
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Vietnam
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
Mosambik
mixed legal system of Portuguese civil law and customary law
Vietnam
civil law system; note - the civil code of 2005 reflects a European-style civil law
Suffrage
Mosambik
18 years of age; universal
Vietnam
18 years of age; universal
Area
Mosambik
total: 799,380 sq km
land: 786,380 sq km
water: 13,000 sq km
land: 786,380 sq km
water: 13,000 sq km
Vietnam
total: 331,210 sq km
land: 310,070 sq km
water: 21,140 sq km
land: 310,070 sq km
water: 21,140 sq km
Land use
Mosambik
agricultural land: 56.3% (2018 est.)
arable land: 6.4% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 49.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 43.7% (2018 est.)
other: 0% (2018 est.)
arable land: 6.4% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 49.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 43.7% (2018 est.)
other: 0% (2018 est.)
Vietnam
agricultural land: 34.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 20.6% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 2.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 45% (2018 est.)
other: 20.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 20.6% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 2.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 45% (2018 est.)
other: 20.2% (2018 est.)
Location
Mosambik
Southeastern Africa, bordering the Mozambique Channel, between South Africa and Tanzania
Vietnam
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, as well as China, Laos, and Cambodia
Age structure
Mosambik
0-14 years: 45% (male 7,413,197/female 7,217,953)
15-64 years: 52.1% (male 8,153,175/female 8,787,792)
65 years and over: 2.9% (2023 est.) (male 461,904/female 479,784)
15-64 years: 52.1% (male 8,153,175/female 8,787,792)
65 years and over: 2.9% (2023 est.) (male 461,904/female 479,784)
Vietnam
0-14 years: 23.44% (male 12,975,791/female 11,593,157)
15-64 years: 68.69% (male 36,280,449/female 35,705,586)
65 years and over: 7.87% (2023 est.) (male 3,346,804/female 4,897,387)
15-64 years: 68.69% (male 36,280,449/female 35,705,586)
65 years and over: 7.87% (2023 est.) (male 3,346,804/female 4,897,387)
Birth rate
Mosambik
36.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Vietnam
15.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Mosambik
9.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Vietnam
5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Mosambik
Makhuwa 26.1%, Portuguese (official) 16.6%, Tsonga 8.6%, Nyanja 8.1, Sena 7.1%, Lomwe 7.1%, Chuwabo 4.7%, Ndau 3.8%, Tswa 3.8%, other Mozambican languages 11.8%, other 0.5%, unspecified 1.8% (2017 est.)
Vietnam
Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer, mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)
major-language sample(s):
Dữ kiện thế giới, là nguồn thông tin cơ bản không thể thiếu. (Vietnamese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
Dữ kiện thế giới, là nguồn thông tin cơ bản không thể thiếu. (Vietnamese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
Mosambik
total population: 57.7 years (2023 est.)
male: 56.4 years
female: 59 years
male: 56.4 years
female: 59 years
Vietnam
total population: 75.8 years (2023 est.)
male: 73.2 years
female: 78.6 years
male: 73.2 years
female: 78.6 years
Major urban areas - population
Mosambik
1.852 million Matola, 1.163 million MAPUTO (capital), 969,000 Nampula (2023)
Vietnam
9.321 million Ho Chi Minh City, 5.253 million HANOI (capital), 1.865 million Can Tho, 1.423 million Hai Phong, 1.221 million Da Nang, 1.111 million Bien Hoa (2023)
Median age
Mosambik
total: 17.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 16.6 years
female: 17.8 years
male: 16.6 years
female: 17.8 years
Vietnam
total: 32.7 years (2023 est.)
male: 31.6 years
female: 33.8 years
male: 31.6 years
female: 33.8 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
Mosambik
19.2 years (2011 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
Net migration rate
Mosambik
-1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Vietnam
-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Mosambik
three large populations clusters are found along the southern coast between Maputo and Inhambane, in the central area between Beira and Chimoio along the Zambezi River, and in and around the northern cities of Nampula, Cidade de Nacala, and Pemba; the northwest and southwest are the least populated areas as shown in this population distribution map
Vietnam
though it has one of the highest population densities in the world, the population is not evenly dispersed; clustering is heaviest along the South China Sea and Gulf of Tonkin, with the Mekong Delta (in the south) and the Red River Valley (in the north) having the largest concentrations of people
Population growth rate
Mosambik
2.55% (2023 est.)
Vietnam
0.93% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Mosambik
4.74 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Vietnam
2.04 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Mosambik
urban population: 38.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 4.24% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 4.24% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Vietnam
urban population: 39.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Mosambik
6.3% of GDP (2020 est.)
Vietnam
4.1% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Mosambik
total: 10 years
male: 10 years
female: 9 years (2017)
male: 10 years
female: 9 years (2017)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Mosambik
-5.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Vietnam
-6.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Mosambik
-0.42% (2019 est.)
Vietnam
3.58% (2021 est.)
Labor force
Mosambik
14.137 million (2021 est.)
Vietnam
56.203 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
Mosambik
46.1% (2014 est.)
Vietnam
6.7% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
Mosambik
3.98% (2021 est.)
3.81% (2020 est.)
3.47% (2019 est.)
3.81% (2020 est.)
3.47% (2019 est.)
Vietnam
2.17% (2021 est.)
2.39% (2020 est.)
2.04% (2019 est.)
2.39% (2020 est.)
2.04% (2019 est.)
Public debt
Mosambik
102.88% of GDP (2020 est.)
79.51% of GDP (2019 est.)
82.3% of GDP (2018 est.)
79.51% of GDP (2019 est.)
82.3% of GDP (2018 est.)
Vietnam
58.5% of GDP (2017 est.)
59.9% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
59.9% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Mosambik
5.69% (2021 est.)
3.14% (2020 est.)
2.78% (2019 est.)
3.14% (2020 est.)
2.78% (2019 est.)
Vietnam
1.83% (2021 est.)
3.22% (2020 est.)
2.8% (2019 est.)
3.22% (2020 est.)
2.8% (2019 est.)
Exports
Mosambik
$6.404 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$4.37 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$5.6 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$4.37 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$5.6 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Vietnam
$339.984 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$290.229 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$280.826 billion (2019 est.)
$290.229 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$280.826 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners
Mosambik
South Africa 16%, India 13%, China 12%, Italy 7%, United Arab Emirates 5%, Germany 5% (2019)
Vietnam
US 28%, China 17%, South Korea 6%, Japan 6%, Hong Kong 4% (2021)
Imports
Mosambik
$10.392 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$8.63 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$9.503 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$8.63 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$9.503 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Vietnam
$338.021 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$269.808 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$261.683 billion (2019 est.)
$269.808 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$261.683 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners
Mosambik
South Africa 31%, India 18%, China 17% (2019)
Vietnam
China 39%, South Korea 17%, Japan 5%, Taiwan 4%, Thailand 4% (2021)
Airports
Mosambik
98 (2021)
Vietnam
45 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Mosambik
total: 70,000 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.2 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.2 (2020 est.)
Vietnam
total: 16,699,249 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Mosambik
total: 5.44 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 17% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 17% (2021 est.)
Vietnam
total: 71.78 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 74% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 74% (2021 est.)
Railways
Mosambik
total: 4,787 km (2014)
narrow gauge: 4,787 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge
narrow gauge: 4,787 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge
Vietnam
total: 2,600 km (2014)
standard gauge: 178 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge; 253 km mixed gauge
narrow gauge: 2,169 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
standard gauge: 178 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge; 253 km mixed gauge
narrow gauge: 2,169 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge
Roadways
Mosambik
total: 31,083 km (2015)
paved: 7,365 km (2015)
unpaved: 23,718 km (2015)
paved: 7,365 km (2015)
unpaved: 23,718 km (2015)
Vietnam
total: 195,468 km (2013)
paved: 148,338 km (2013)
unpaved: 47,130 km (2013)
paved: 148,338 km (2013)
unpaved: 47,130 km (2013)
Telephones - fixed lines
Mosambik
total subscriptions: 59,682 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1
Vietnam
total subscriptions: 3.1 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Mosambik
total subscriptions: 13,686,234 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 43 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 43 (2021 est.)
Vietnam
total subscriptions: 140 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)
Waterways
Mosambik
460 km (2010) (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora Bassa Lake)
Vietnam
47,130 km (2011) (30,831 km weight under 50 tons)
Disputes - international
Mosambik
Mozambique-Eswatini: none identified
Mozambique-Malawi: the two countries have held exercises to reaffirm boundaries a number of times
Mozambique-South Africa: South Africa has placed military units to assist police operations along the border of Lesotho, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique to control smuggling, poaching, and illegal migration
Mozambique-Tanzania: none identified
Mozambique-Zambia: none identified
Mozambique-Zimbabwe: none identified
Vietnam
Vietnam-Cambodia: Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities; issues include casinos built in Cambodia near the border, narcotics trafficking, trafficking of women and children, petrol smuggling, illegal logging, and illegal migration; progress on a joint development area with Cambodia is hampered by an unresolved dispute over sovereignty of offshore islands; in December 2021, leaders from the two countries agreed to fully complete the remaining border demarcation and the upgrading of border checkpoints
Vietnam-Cambodia-Laos: Cambodia and Laos protest Vietnamese squatters and armed encroachments along border; Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities
Vietnam-China: an estimated 300,000 Vietnamese refugees reside in China; the decade-long demarcation of the China-Vietnam land boundary was completed in 2009; small territorial exchanges were made during the demarcation; China occupies the Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; cross border trafficking in women and children and illegal wildlife trade are problems along this border; In December 2021, China tightened its border controls over COVID concerns, restricting an important trade route for Vietnam
Vietnam-Laos: Laos opened a strategically important international border crossing with Vietnam in 2021, which will shorten the distance for goods and people transiting between Thailand and Vietnam
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