Capital

Niederlande

name: Amsterdam; note - The Hague is the seat of government

geographic coordinates: 52 21 N, 4 55 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

time zone note: time descriptions apply to the continental Netherlands only, for the constituent countries in the Caribbean, the time difference is UTC-4

etymology: the original Dutch name, Amstellerdam, meaning "a dam on the Amstel River," dates to the 13th century; over time the name simplified to Amsterdam

Algerien

name: Algiers

geographic coordinates: 36 45 N, 3 03 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: name derives from the Arabic "al-Jazair" meaning "the islands" and refers to the four islands formerly off the coast of the capital but joined to the mainland since 1525

Citizenship

Niederlande

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Netherlands

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Algerien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the mother must be a citizen of Algeria

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Legal system

Niederlande

civil law system based on the French system; constitution does not permit judicial review of acts of the States General

Algerien

mixed legal system of French civil law and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials including several Supreme Court justices

Suffrage

Niederlande

18 years of age; universal

Algerien

18 years of age; universal

Area

Niederlande

total: 41,543 sq km

land: 33,893 sq km

water: 7,650 sq km

Algerien

total: 2,381,740 sq km

land: 2,381,740 sq km

water: 0 sq km

Land use

Niederlande

agricultural land: 55.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 29.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 24.2% (2018 est.)

forest: 10.8% (2018 est.)

other: 34.1% (2018 est.)

Algerien

agricultural land: 17.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 3.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.4% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 13.8% (2018 est.)

forest: 0.8% (2018 est.)

other: 81.8% (2018 est.)

Location

Niederlande

Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany

Algerien

Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia

Age structure

Niederlande

0-14 years: 16.06% (male 1,436,601/female 1,368,697)

15-64 years: 63.08% (male 5,532,490/female 5,483,034)

65 years and over: 20.86% (2023 est.) (male 1,658,652/female 1,984,456)

Algerien

0-14 years: 28.78% (male 6,594,512/female 6,286,191)

15-64 years: 64.29% (male 14,607,255/female 14,166,990)

65 years and over: 6.93% (2023 est.) (male 1,475,635/female 1,627,815)

Birth rate

Niederlande

10.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Algerien

20.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Niederlande

9.7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Algerien

4.4 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Niederlande

Dutch (official); note - Frisian is an official language in Fryslan province; Frisian, Low Saxon, Limburgish, Romani, and Yiddish have protected status under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages; Dutch is the official language of the three special municipalities of the Caribbean Netherlands; English is a recognized regional language on Sint Eustatius and Saba; Papiamento is a recognized regional language on Bonaire

major-language sample(s):
Het Wereld Feitenboek, een onmisbare bron van informatie. (Dutch)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Algerien

Arabic (official), French (lingua franca), Berber or Tamazight (official); dialects include Kabyle Berber (Taqbaylit), Shawiya Berber (Tacawit), Mzab Berber, Tuareg Berber (Tamahaq)

major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Niederlande

total population: 81.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 80.1 years

female: 83.3 years

Algerien

total population: 77.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 77 years

female: 78.6 years

Major urban areas - population

Niederlande

1.174 million AMSTERDAM (capital), 1.018 million Rotterdam (2023)

Algerien

2.902 million ALGIERS (capital), 936,000 Oran (2022)

Median age

Niederlande

total: 42.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 41 years

female: 43.4 years

Algerien

total: 28.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 28.6 years

female: 29.2 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Niederlande

30.2 years (2020 est.)

Net migration rate

Niederlande

4.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Algerien

-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Niederlande

an area known as the Randstad, anchored by the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht, is the most densely populated region; the north tends to be less dense, though sizeable communities can be found throughout the entire country

Algerien

the vast majority of the populace is found in the extreme northern part of the country along the Mediterranean Coast as shown in this population distribution map

Population growth rate

Niederlande

0.48% (2023 est.)

Algerien

1.62% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Niederlande

1.61 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Algerien

2.97 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Niederlande

urban population: 93.2% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.59% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Algerien

urban population: 75.3% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Niederlande

5.3% of GDP (2020 est.)

Algerien

7% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Niederlande

total: 19 years

male: 18 years

female: 19 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Niederlande

1.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Algerien

-9.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Niederlande

4.93% (2021 est.)

Algerien

7.36% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Niederlande

9.902 million (2021 est.)

Algerien

12.312 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Niederlande

13.6% (2019 est.)

Algerien

5.5% (2011 est.)

Unemployment rate

Niederlande

4.01% (2021 est.)

3.82% (2020 est.)

3.38% (2019 est.)

Algerien

12.7% (2021 est.)

12.55% (2020 est.)

10.51% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Niederlande

56.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

61.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment, debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

Algerien

27.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

20.4% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover central government debt as well as debt issued by subnational entities and intra-governmental debt

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Niederlande

2.68% (2021 est.)

1.27% (2020 est.)

2.63% (2019 est.)

Algerien

7.23% (2021 est.)

2.42% (2020 est.)

1.95% (2019 est.)

Exports

Niederlande

$839.6 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$712.3 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$751.2 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Algerien

$41.776 billion (2021 est.)

$24.902 billion (2020 est.)

$38.551 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Exports - partners

Niederlande

Germany 20%, Belgium 12%, United Kingdom 9%, France 7%, United States 5% (2019)

Algerien

Italy 13%, France 13%, Spain 12%, United States 7%, United Kingdom 7%, India 5%, South Korea 5% (2019)

Imports

Niederlande

$735.7 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$620.5 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$662 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Algerien

$44.322 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$42.347 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$54.259 billion (2019 est.)

Imports - partners

Niederlande

Germany 15%, China 11%, Belgium 9%, United States 8%, Russia 7%, United Kingdom 5% (2019)

Algerien

China 18%, France 14%, Italy 8%, Spain 8%, Germany 5%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Airports

Niederlande

29 (2021)

Algerien

149 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Niederlande

total: 7,525,016 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 44 (2020 est.)

Algerien

total: 3,790,459 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Niederlande

total: 16.56 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 92% (2021 est.)

Algerien

total: 31.24 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 71% (2021 est.)

Railways

Niederlande

total: 3,055 km (2020) 2,310 km electrified

Algerien

total: 4,020 km (2019)

Roadways

Niederlande

total: 139,124 km (2016) (includes 3,654 km of expressways)

Algerien

total: 104,000 km (2015)

paved: 71,656 km (2015)

unpaved: 32,344 km (2015)

Telephones - fixed lines

Niederlande

total subscriptions: 5.024 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 29 (2021 est.)

Algerien

total subscriptions: 5,097,095 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 12 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Niederlande

total subscriptions: 21.888 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 125 (2021 est.)

Algerien

total subscriptions: 47,028,685 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 106 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Niederlande

6,237 km (2012) (navigable by ships up to 50 tons)

Disputes - international

Niederlande

none identified

Algerien

Algeria-Morocco: the Algerian-Moroccan land border remains closed; Algeria's border with Morocco remains an irritant to bilateral relations, each nation accusing the other of harboring militants and arms smuggling; the National Liberation Front's (FLN) assertions of a claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco remain a dormant dispute

Algeria-Libya: dormant dispute includes Libyan claims of about 32,000 sq km still reflected on its maps of southeastern Algeria

Algeria-Mali: none identified

Algeria-Mauritania: none identified

Algeria-Niger: none identified

Algeria-Tunisia: none identified