Daten & Fakten
Oman
Israel
Thailand
Capital
Oman
name: Muscat
geographic coordinates: 23 37 N, 58 35 E
time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name, whose meaning is uncertain, traces back almost two millennia; two 2nd century A.D. scholars, the geographer PTOLEMY and the historian ARRIAN, both mention an Arabian Sea coastal town of Moscha, which most likely referred to Muscat
geographic coordinates: 23 37 N, 58 35 E
time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name, whose meaning is uncertain, traces back almost two millennia; two 2nd century A.D. scholars, the geographer PTOLEMY and the historian ARRIAN, both mention an Arabian Sea coastal town of Moscha, which most likely referred to Muscat
Israel
name: Jerusalem; note - the US recognized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital in December 2017 without taking a position on the specific boundaries of Israeli sovereignty
geographic coordinates: 31 46 N, 35 14 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, Friday before the last Sunday in March; ends the last Sunday in October
etymology: Jerusalem's settlement may date back to 2800 B.C.; it is named Urushalim in Egyptian texts of the 14th century B.C.; uru-shalim likely means "foundation of [by] the god Shalim", and derives from Hebrew/Semitic yry, "to found or lay a cornerstone", and Shalim, the Canaanite god of dusk and the nether world; Shalim was associated with sunset and peace and the name is based on the same S-L-M root from which Semitic words for "peace" are derived (Salam or Shalom in modern Arabic and Hebrew); this confluence has thus led to naming interpretations such as "The City of Peace" or "The Abode of Peace"
geographic coordinates: 31 46 N, 35 14 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, Friday before the last Sunday in March; ends the last Sunday in October
etymology: Jerusalem's settlement may date back to 2800 B.C.; it is named Urushalim in Egyptian texts of the 14th century B.C.; uru-shalim likely means "foundation of [by] the god Shalim", and derives from Hebrew/Semitic yry, "to found or lay a cornerstone", and Shalim, the Canaanite god of dusk and the nether world; Shalim was associated with sunset and peace and the name is based on the same S-L-M root from which Semitic words for "peace" are derived (Salam or Shalom in modern Arabic and Hebrew); this confluence has thus led to naming interpretations such as "The City of Peace" or "The Abode of Peace"
Thailand
name: Bangkok
geographic coordinates: 13 45 N, 100 31 E
time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Bangkok was likely originally a colloquial name, but one that was widely adopted by foreign visitors; the name may derive from bang ko, where bang is the Thai word for "village on a stream" and ko means "island," both referencing the area's landscape, which was carved by rivers and canals; alternatively, the name may come from bang makok, where makok is the name of the Java plum, a plant bearing olive-like fruit; this possibility is supported by the former name of Wat Arun, a historic temple in the area, that used to be called Wat Makok;
Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, the city's Thai name, means "City of Angels, Great City" or simply "Great City of Angels" and is a shortening of the full ceremonial name: Krungthepmahanakhon Amonrattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilokphop Noppharatratchathaniburirom Udomratchaniwetmahasathan Amonphimanawatansathit Sakkathattiyawitsanukamprasit; translated the meaning is: "City of angels, great city of immortals, magnificent city of the nine gems, seat of the king, city of royal palaces, home of gods incarnate, erected by Vishvakarman at Indra's behest"; it holds the world's record as the longest place name (169 letters); Krung Thep is used colloquially
geographic coordinates: 13 45 N, 100 31 E
time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Bangkok was likely originally a colloquial name, but one that was widely adopted by foreign visitors; the name may derive from bang ko, where bang is the Thai word for "village on a stream" and ko means "island," both referencing the area's landscape, which was carved by rivers and canals; alternatively, the name may come from bang makok, where makok is the name of the Java plum, a plant bearing olive-like fruit; this possibility is supported by the former name of Wat Arun, a historic temple in the area, that used to be called Wat Makok;
Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, the city's Thai name, means "City of Angels, Great City" or simply "Great City of Angels" and is a shortening of the full ceremonial name: Krungthepmahanakhon Amonrattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilokphop Noppharatratchathaniburirom Udomratchaniwetmahasathan Amonphimanawatansathit Sakkathattiyawitsanukamprasit; translated the meaning is: "City of angels, great city of immortals, magnificent city of the nine gems, seat of the king, city of royal palaces, home of gods incarnate, erected by Vishvakarman at Indra's behest"; it holds the world's record as the longest place name (169 letters); Krung Thep is used colloquially
Citizenship
Oman
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Oman
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: unknown
citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Oman
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: unknown
Israel
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Israel
dual citizenship recognized: yes, but naturalized citizens are not allowed to maintain dual citizenship
residency requirement for naturalization: 3 out of the 5 years preceding the application for naturalization
note: Israeli law (Law of Return, 5 July 1950) provides for the granting of citizenship to any Jew - defined as a person being born to a Jewish mother or having converted to Judaism while renouncing any other religion - who immigrates to and expresses a desire to settle in Israel on the basis of the Right of aliyah; the 1970 amendment of this act extended the right to family members including the spouse of a Jew, any child or grandchild, and the spouses of children and grandchildren
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Israel
dual citizenship recognized: yes, but naturalized citizens are not allowed to maintain dual citizenship
residency requirement for naturalization: 3 out of the 5 years preceding the application for naturalization
note: Israeli law (Law of Return, 5 July 1950) provides for the granting of citizenship to any Jew - defined as a person being born to a Jewish mother or having converted to Judaism while renouncing any other religion - who immigrates to and expresses a desire to settle in Israel on the basis of the Right of aliyah; the 1970 amendment of this act extended the right to family members including the spouse of a Jew, any child or grandchild, and the spouses of children and grandchildren
Thailand
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Thailand
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Thailand
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system
Oman
mixed legal system of Anglo-Saxon law and Islamic law
Israel
mixed legal system of English common law, British Mandate regulations, and Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religious laws
Thailand
civil law system with common law influences
Suffrage
Oman
21 years of age; universal; note - members of the military and security forces by law cannot vote
Israel
18 years of age; universal; 17 years of age for municipal elections
Thailand
18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Area
Oman
total: 309,500 sq km
land: 309,500 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 309,500 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Israel
total: 21,937 sq km
land: 21,497 sq km
water: 440 sq km
land: 21,497 sq km
water: 440 sq km
Thailand
total: 513,120 sq km
land: 510,890 sq km
water: 2,230 sq km
land: 510,890 sq km
water: 2,230 sq km
Land use
Oman
agricultural land: 4.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 0.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 4.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 0% (2018 est.)
other: 95.3% (2018 est.)
arable land: 0.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 4.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 0% (2018 est.)
other: 95.3% (2018 est.)
Israel
agricultural land: 23.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 13.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 3.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 6.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 7.1% (2018 est.)
other: 69.1% (2018 est.)
arable land: 13.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 3.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 6.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 7.1% (2018 est.)
other: 69.1% (2018 est.)
Thailand
agricultural land: 41.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 30.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 8.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 1.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 37.2% (2018 est.)
other: 21.6% (2018 est.)
arable land: 30.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 8.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 1.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 37.2% (2018 est.)
other: 21.6% (2018 est.)
Location
Oman
Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf, between Yemen and the UAE
Israel
Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Lebanon
Thailand
Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, southeast of Burma
Age structure
Oman
0-14 years: 29.88% (male 586,608/female 558,770)
15-64 years: 66.17% (male 1,404,289/female 1,132,250)
65 years and over: 3.95% (2023 est.) (male 70,976/female 80,572)
15-64 years: 66.17% (male 1,404,289/female 1,132,250)
65 years and over: 3.95% (2023 est.) (male 70,976/female 80,572)
Israel
0-14 years: 25.96% (male 1,200,721/female 1,146,556)
15-64 years: 61.66% (male 2,839,124/female 2,737,054)
65 years and over: 12.38% (2023 est.) (male 506,536/female 613,396)
15-64 years: 61.66% (male 2,839,124/female 2,737,054)
65 years and over: 12.38% (2023 est.) (male 506,536/female 613,396)
Thailand
0-14 years: 16% (male 5,720,842/female 5,443,981)
15-64 years: 69.53% (male 23,797,302/female 24,734,505)
65 years and over: 14.47% (2023 est.) (male 4,500,808/female 5,597,559)
15-64 years: 69.53% (male 23,797,302/female 24,734,505)
65 years and over: 14.47% (2023 est.) (male 4,500,808/female 5,597,559)
Birth rate
Oman
21.6 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Israel
19.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Thailand
10 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Oman
3.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Israel
5.6 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Thailand
7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Oman
Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Swahili, Urdu, Indian dialects
major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Israel
Hebrew (official), Arabic (special status under Israeli law), English (most commonly used foreign language)
major-language sample(s):
ספר עובדות העולם, המקור החיוני למידע בסיסי (Hebrew)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
ספר עובדות העולם, המקור החיוני למידע בסיסי (Hebrew)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Thailand
Thai (official) only 90.7%, Thai and other languages 6.4%, only other languages 2.9% (includes Malay, Burmese); note - data represent population by language(s) spoken at home; English is a secondary language of the elite (2010 est.)
major-language sample(s):
สารานุกรมโลก - แหล่งข้อมูลพื้นฐานที่สำคัญ (Thai)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
สารานุกรมโลก - แหล่งข้อมูลพื้นฐานที่สำคัญ (Thai)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
Oman
total population: 77.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 75.2 years
female: 79.2 years
male: 75.2 years
female: 79.2 years
Israel
total population: 82.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 80.2 years
female: 84.3 years
male: 80.2 years
female: 84.3 years
Thailand
total population: 77.9 years (2023 est.)
male: 74.9 years
female: 81.1 years
male: 74.9 years
female: 81.1 years
Major urban areas - population
Oman
1.650 million MUSCAT (capital) (2023)
Israel
4.421 million Tel Aviv-Yafo, 1.174 million Haifa, 970,000 JERUSALEM (capital) (2023)
Thailand
11.070 million BANGKOK (capital), 1.454 Chon Buri, 1.359 million Samut Prakan, 1.213 million Chiang Mai, 1.005 million Songkla, 1.001 million Nothaburi (2023)
Median age
Oman
total: 27.1 years (2023 est.)
male: 27.9 years
female: 26 years
male: 27.9 years
female: 26 years
Israel
total: 30.1 years (2023 est.)
male: 29.5 years
female: 30.7 years
male: 29.5 years
female: 30.7 years
Thailand
total: 41 years (2023 est.)
male: 39.8 years
female: 42.2 years
male: 39.8 years
female: 42.2 years
Israel
27.7 years (2019 est.)
Thailand
23.3 years (2009 est.)
Net migration rate
Oman
-0.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Israel
1.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Thailand
-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Oman
the vast majority of the population is located in and around the Al Hagar Mountains in the north of the country; another smaller cluster is found around the city of Salalah in the far south; most of the country remains sparsely poplulated
Israel
population concentrated in and around Tel-Aviv, as well as around the Sea of Galilee; the south remains sparsely populated with the exception of the shore of the Gulf of Aqaba
Thailand
highest population density is found in and around Bangkok; significant population clusters found througout large parts of the country, particularly north and northeast of Bangkok and in the extreme southern region of the country
Population growth rate
Oman
1.8% (2023 est.)
Israel
1.56% (2023 est.)
Thailand
0.2% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Oman
2.67 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Israel
2.94 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Thailand
1.54 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Oman
urban population: 88.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 2.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 2.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Israel
urban population: 92.9% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.51% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.51% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Thailand
urban population: 53.6% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Oman
5.4% of GDP (2019 est.)
Israel
7.1% of GDP (2020 est.)
Thailand
3.2% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Oman
total: 15 years
male: 15 years
female: 15 years (2021)
male: 15 years
female: 15 years (2021)
Israel
total: 16 years
male: 15 years
female: 17 years (2020)
male: 15 years
female: 17 years (2020)
Thailand
total: 15 years
male: 15 years
female: 16 years (2016)
male: 15 years
female: 16 years (2016)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Oman
-13.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Israel
-2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Thailand
-3.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Oman
1.05% (2021 est.)
Israel
6.05% (2021 est.)
Thailand
3.34% (2021 est.)
Labor force
Oman
2.259 million (2021 est.)
note: about 60% of the labor force is non-national
note: about 60% of the labor force is non-national
Israel
4.186 million (2021 est.)
Thailand
40.213 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
Oman
NA
Israel
22% (2014 est.)
note: Israel's poverty line is $7.30 per person per day
note: Israel's poverty line is $7.30 per person per day
Thailand
9.9% (2018 est.)
Unemployment rate
Oman
3.12% (2021 est.)
2.94% (2020 est.)
1.85% (2019 est.)
NA
2.94% (2020 est.)
1.85% (2019 est.)
NA
Israel
5.05% (2021 est.)
4.33% (2020 est.)
3.8% (2019 est.)
4.33% (2020 est.)
3.8% (2019 est.)
Thailand
1.42% (2021 est.)
1.1% (2020 est.)
0.72% (2019 est.)
1.1% (2020 est.)
0.72% (2019 est.)
Public debt
Oman
46.9% of GDP (2017 est.)
32.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: excludes indebtedness of state-owned enterprises
32.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: excludes indebtedness of state-owned enterprises
Israel
72.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
59.6% of GDP (2019 est.)
60.4% of GDP (2018 est.)
59.6% of GDP (2019 est.)
60.4% of GDP (2018 est.)
Thailand
50.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
40.13% of GDP (2019 est.)
39.25% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions
40.13% of GDP (2019 est.)
39.25% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Oman
1.55% (2021 est.)
-0.9% (2020 est.)
0.13% (2019 est.)
-0.9% (2020 est.)
0.13% (2019 est.)
Israel
1.49% (2021 est.)
-0.59% (2020 est.)
0.84% (2019 est.)
-0.59% (2020 est.)
0.84% (2019 est.)
Thailand
1.23% (2021 est.)
-0.85% (2020 est.)
0.71% (2019 est.)
-0.85% (2020 est.)
0.71% (2019 est.)
Exports
Oman
$46.324 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$35.72 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$43.584 billion (2019 est.)
$35.72 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$43.584 billion (2019 est.)
Israel
$143.884 billion (2021 est.)
$114.422 billion (2020 est.)
$117.779 billion (2019 est.)
note: data are in current year dollars
$114.422 billion (2020 est.)
$117.779 billion (2019 est.)
note: data are in current year dollars
Thailand
$296.002 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$257.981 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$323.878 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$257.981 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$323.878 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners
Oman
China 46%, India 8%, Japan 6%, South Korea 6%, United Arab Emirates 6%, Saudi Arabia 5% (2019)
Israel
United States 27%, China 8%, India 4%, Germany 3%, Ireland 3% (2021)
note: Approximately, 6% of Israel's exports went to the Gaza Strip and West Bank, but official data are not available individually for the Palestinian territories.
note: Approximately, 6% of Israel's exports went to the Gaza Strip and West Bank, but official data are not available individually for the Palestinian territories.
Thailand
United States 16%, China 13%, Japan 9%, Vietnam 4%, Australia 4% (2021)
Imports
Oman
$36.502 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$34.022 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$32.569 billion (2019 est.)
$34.022 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$32.569 billion (2019 est.)
Israel
$124.578 billion (2021 est.)
$95.977 billion (2020 est.)
$108.784 billion (2019 est.)
note: data are in current year dollars
$95.977 billion (2020 est.)
$108.784 billion (2019 est.)
note: data are in current year dollars
Thailand
$295.78 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$232.039 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$272.831 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$232.039 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$272.831 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Oman
United Arab Emirates 36%, China 10%, Japan 7%, India 7%, United States 5% (2019)
Israel
China 14%, United States 11%, Turkey 7%, Germany 7%, Switzerland 5% (2021)
Thailand
China 28%, Japan 12%, Malaysia 5%, United States 5%, United Arab Emirates 4% (2021)
Airports
Oman
132 (2021)
Israel
42 (2021)
Thailand
101 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Oman
total: 508,949 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est.)
Israel
total: 2,602,079 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 30 (2020 est.)
Thailand
total: 11,478,265 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Oman
total: 4.32 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)
Israel
total: 8.01 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 90% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 90% (2021 est.)
Thailand
total: 61.2 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 85% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 85% (2021 est.)
Israel
total: 1,497 km (2021) (2019)
standard gauge: 1,497 km (2021) 1.435-m gauge
standard gauge: 1,497 km (2021) 1.435-m gauge
Thailand
total: 4,127 km (2017)
standard gauge: 84 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge (84 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 4,043 km (2017) 1.000-m gauge
standard gauge: 84 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge (84 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 4,043 km (2017) 1.000-m gauge
Roadways
Oman
total: 60,230 km (2012)
paved: 29,685 km (2012) (includes 1,943 km of expressways)
unpaved: 30,545 km (2012)
paved: 29,685 km (2012) (includes 1,943 km of expressways)
unpaved: 30,545 km (2012)
Israel
total: 20,391 km (2021)
paved: 20,391 km (2021) (includes 449 km of expressways)
paved: 20,391 km (2021) (includes 449 km of expressways)
Thailand
total: 180,053 km (2006) (includes 450 km of expressways)
Telephones - fixed lines
Oman
total subscriptions: 572,166 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
Israel
total subscriptions: 3.5 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 39 (2021 est.)
Thailand
total subscriptions: 4.6 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Oman
total subscriptions: 6,115,537 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 135 (2021 est.)
Israel
total subscriptions: 12.5 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)
Thailand
total subscriptions: 120 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 170 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 170 (2021 est.)
Thailand
4,000 km (2011) (3,701 km navigable by boats with drafts up to 0.9 m)
Disputes - international
Oman
Oman-Saudi Arabia: none identified
Oman-UAE: boundary agreement reportedly signed and ratified with UAE in 2003 for entire border, including Oman's Musandam Peninsula and Al Madhah exclave, but details of the alignment have not been made public; Oman and UAE signed the final demarcation of their land border in 2008
Oman-Yemen: Oman and Yemen signed a border agreement in 1992; demarcation of their border was completed in 1995
Israel
Israel-Gaza Strip: Israel withdrew its settlers and military from the Gaza Strip and from four settlements in the West Bank in August 2005
Israel-Syria: Golan Heights is Israeli-controlled (Lebanon claims the Shab'a Farms area of Golan Heights); in March 2019, the US Government recognized Israel's sovereignty over the Golan Heights; since 1948, about 350 peacekeepers from the UN Truce Supervision Organization headquartered in Jerusalem monitor ceasefires, supervise armistice agreements, prevent isolated incidents from escalating, and assist other UN personnel in the region
Israel-West Bank: West Bank is Israeli-occupied with current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement - permanent status to be determined through further negotiation; in 2002, Israel began construction of a "seam line" separation barrier along parts of the Green Line and within the West Bank; as of mid-2020, plans were to continue barrier construction
Thailand
Thailand-Burma: in 2016, Thailand expressed its interest in investing in Burma’s Hatgyi Dam project on the Salween River near the Thai-Burma border; the dam has the potential to supply electricity and water during the drought season; approximately 100,000 mostly Karen refugees fleeing civil strife, political upheaval, and economic stagnation in Burma live in nine remote camps in Thailand near the border
Thailand-Cambodia: Cambodia and Thailand dispute sections of their border; in 2011, Thailand and Cambodia resorted to arms in the dispute over the location of the boundary on the precipice surmounted by Preah Vihear temple ruins, awarded to Cambodia by ICJ decision in 1962 and part of a planned UN World Heritage site; in 2013, the International Court of Justice ruled that the land with the temple was Cambodian territory but that a nearby hill belonged to Thailand
Thailand-Laos: talks continue on completion of demarcation with Laos but disputes remain over several islands in the Mekong River
Thailand-Malaysia: separatist violence in Thailand's predominantly Malay-Muslim southern provinces prompt border closures and controls with Malaysia to stem insurgent activities; disputed areas are the Bukit Jeli area at the headwaters of the Golok River and the continental shelf boundary in the Gulf of Thailand
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