Capital

Togo

name: Lome

geographic coordinates: 6 07 N, 1 13 E

time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: Lome comes from "alotime" which in the native Ewe language means "among the alo plants"; alo trees dominated the city's original founding site

Kanada

name: Ottawa

geographic coordinates: 45 25 N, 75 42 W

time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November

time zone note: Canada has six time zones

etymology: the city lies on the south bank of the Ottawa River, from which it derives its name; the river name comes from the Algonquin word "adawe" meaning "to trade" and refers to the indigenous peoples who used the river as a trade highway

Citizenship

Togo

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Togo

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Kanada

citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: minimum of 3 of last 5 years resident in Canada

Legal system

Togo

customary law system

Kanada

common law system except in Quebec, where civil law based on the French civil code prevails

Suffrage

Togo

18 years of age; universal

Kanada

18 years of age; universal

Area

Togo

total: 56,785 sq km

land: 54,385 sq km

water: 2,400 sq km

Kanada

total: 9,984,670 sq km

land: 9,093,507 sq km

water: 891,163 sq km

Land use

Togo

agricultural land: 67.4% (2018 est.)

arable land: 45.2% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 18.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 4.9% (2018 est.)

other: 27.7% (2018 est.)

Kanada

agricultural land: 6.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 4.7% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.5% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 1.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 34.1% (2018 est.)

other: 59.1% (2018 est.)

Location

Togo

Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana

Kanada

Northern North America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean on the east, North Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Arctic Ocean on the north, north of the conterminous US

Age structure

Togo

0-14 years: 38.98% (male 1,720,743/female 1,672,286)

15-64 years: 56.76% (male 2,413,709/female 2,526,816)

65 years and over: 4.26% (2023 est.) (male 153,461/female 216,946)

Kanada

0-14 years: 15.65% (male 3,097,585/female 2,930,056)

15-64 years: 63.85% (male 12,367,172/female 12,224,077)

65 years and over: 20.5% (2023 est.) (male 3,630,580/female 4,267,266)

Birth rate

Togo

31.4 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Kanada

10.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Togo

5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Kanada

8.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Togo

French (official, the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north)

Kanada

English (official) 87.1%, French (official) 29.1%, Chinese languages 4.2%, Spanish 3.2%, Punjabi 2.6%, Arabic 2.4%, Tagalog 2.3%, Italian 1.5% (2022 est.)

major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English)

The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)

Life expectancy at birth

Togo

total population: 71.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 69.1 years

female: 74.4 years

Kanada

total population: 84 years (2023 est.)

male: 81.7 years

female: 86.4 years

Major urban areas - population

Togo

1.982 million LOME (capital) (2023)

Kanada

6.372 million Toronto, 4.308 million Montreal, 2.657 million Vancouver, 1.640 million Calgary, 1.544 million Edmonton, 1.437 million OTTAWA (capital) (2023)

Median age

Togo

total: 20.5 years (2023 est.)

male: 19.8 years

female: 21.3 years

Kanada

total: 42.4 years (2023 est.)

male: 41.2 years

female: 43.5 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Togo

25 years (2017 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29

Kanada

29.4 years (2019 est.)

Net migration rate

Togo

-1.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Kanada

5.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Togo

one of the more densely populated African nations with most of the population residing in rural communities, density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast as shown in this population distribution map

Kanada

vast majority of Canadians are positioned in a discontinuous band within approximately 300 km of the southern border with the United States; the most populated province is Ontario, followed by Quebec and British Columbia

Population growth rate

Togo

2.45% (2023 est.)

Kanada

0.73% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Togo

4.18 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Kanada

1.57 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Togo

urban population: 44.5% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 3.6% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Kanada

urban population: 81.9% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.95% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Togo

4% of GDP (2020 est.)

Kanada

5.2% of GDP (2020 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Togo

total: 13 years

male: 14 years

female: 12 years (2017)

Kanada

total: 17 years

male: 16 years

female: 17 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Togo

-3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Kanada

-1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Togo

5.32% (2020 est.)

Kanada

4.74% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Togo

2.965 million (2021 est.)

Kanada

21.017 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Togo

55.1% (2015 est.)

Kanada

9.4% (2008 est.)

note: this figure is the Low Income Cut-Off, a calculation that results in higher figures than found in many comparable economies; Canada does not have an official poverty line

Unemployment rate

Togo

4% (2021 est.)

3.94% (2020 est.)

3.72% (2019 est.)

Kanada

7.51% (2021 est.)

9.46% (2020 est.)

5.66% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Togo

75.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

81.6% of GDP (2016 est.)

Kanada

72.09% of GDP (2020 est.)

48.01% of GDP (2019 est.)

48.18% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: figures are for gross general government debt, as opposed to net federal debt; gross general government debt includes both intragovernmental debt and the debt of public entities at the sub-national level

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Togo

1.83% (2020 est.)

0.69% (2019 est.)

0.93% (2018 est.)

Kanada

3.4% (2021 est.)

0.72% (2020 est.)

1.95% (2019 est.)

Exports

Togo

$1.722 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$1.665 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$1.703 billion (2018 est.)

Kanada

$611.146 billion (2021 est.)

$484.226 billion (2020 est.)

$561.63 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Exports - partners

Togo

India 16%, Benin 15%, Burkina Faso 6%, France 6%, Morocco 5% (2019)

Kanada

US 73% (2019)

Imports

Togo

$2.389 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.261 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.329 billion (2018 est.)

Kanada

$609.256 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$517.964 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$589.037 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Togo

China 18%, South Korea 13%, India 11%, Belgium 10%, Netherlands 8%, United States 5% (2019)

Kanada

US 57%, China 11%, Mexico 5% (2019)

Airports

Togo

8 (2021)

Kanada

1,467 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Togo

total: 52,706 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.6 (2020 est.)

Kanada

total: 15,825,813 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 42 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Togo

total: 3.01 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 35% (2021 est.)

Kanada

total: 35.34 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 93% (2021 est.)

Railways

Togo

total: 568 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 568 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

Kanada

total: 49,422 km (2021) note: 129 km electrified (2021)

standard gauge: 49,422 km (2021) 1.435-m gauge

Roadways

Togo

total: 9,951 km (2018)

paved: 1,794 km (2018)

unpaved: 8,157 km (2018)

urban: 1,783 km (2018)

Kanada

total: 1,042,300 km (2011)

paved: 415,600 km (2011) (includes 17,000 km of expressways)

unpaved: 626,700 km (2011)

Telephones - fixed lines

Togo

total subscriptions: 54,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1

Kanada

total subscriptions: 12.928 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Togo

total subscriptions: 6.3 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 72 (2021 est.)

Kanada

total subscriptions: 32.723 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 86 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Togo

50 km (2011) (seasonally navigable by small craft on the Mono River depending on rainfall)

Kanada

636 km (2011) (Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with United States)

Disputes - international

Togo

Togo-Benin: in 2001, Benin claimed Togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission continues to resurvey the boundary; Benin’s and Togo’s Adjrala hydroelectric dam project on the Mona River, proposed in the 1990s, commenced in 2017 with funding from a Chinese bank

Togo-Burkina Faso: none identified

Togo-Ghana: none identified

Kanada

managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and the Gulf of Maine, including the disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; Canada and the United States dispute how to divide the Beaufort Sea and the status of the Northwest Passage but continue to work cooperatively to survey the Arctic continental shelf; US works closely with Canada to intensify security measures for monitoring and controlling legal and illegal movement of people, transport, and commodities across the international border; commencing the collection of technical evidence for submission to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in support of claims for continental shelf beyond 200 nm from its declared baselines in the Arctic, as stipulated in Article 76, paragraph 8, of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea