Daten & Fakten
Türkei
Neuseeland
Bosnien und Herzegowina
Capital
Türkei
name: Ankara
geographic coordinates: 39 56 N, 32 52 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Ankara has been linked with a second millennium B.C. Hittite cult center of Ankuwash, although this connection is uncertain; in classical and medieval times, the city was known as Ankyra (meaning "anchor" in Greek and reflecting the city's position as a junction for multiple trade and military routes); by about the 13th century the city began to be referred to as Angora; following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the city's name became Ankara
geographic coordinates: 39 56 N, 32 52 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Ankara has been linked with a second millennium B.C. Hittite cult center of Ankuwash, although this connection is uncertain; in classical and medieval times, the city was known as Ankyra (meaning "anchor" in Greek and reflecting the city's position as a junction for multiple trade and military routes); by about the 13th century the city began to be referred to as Angora; following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the city's name became Ankara
Neuseeland
name: Wellington
geographic coordinates: 41 18 S, 174 47 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April
time zone note: New Zealand has two time zones: New Zealand standard time (UTC+12) and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time; UTC+12:45)
etymology: named in 1840 after Arthur WELLESLEY, the first Duke of Wellington and victorious general at the Battle of Waterloo
geographic coordinates: 41 18 S, 174 47 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in September; ends first Sunday in April
time zone note: New Zealand has two time zones: New Zealand standard time (UTC+12) and Chatham Islands time (45 minutes in advance of New Zealand standard time; UTC+12:45)
etymology: named in 1840 after Arthur WELLESLEY, the first Duke of Wellington and victorious general at the Battle of Waterloo
Bosnien und Herzegowina
name: Sarajevo
geographic coordinates: 43 52 N, 18 25 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: the name derives from the Turkish noun saray, meaning "palace" or "mansion," and the term ova, signifying "plain(s)," to give a meaning of "palace plains" or "the plains about the palace"
geographic coordinates: 43 52 N, 18 25 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: the name derives from the Turkish noun saray, meaning "palace" or "mansion," and the term ova, signifying "plain(s)," to give a meaning of "palace plains" or "the plains about the palace"
Citizenship
Türkei
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Turkey
dual citizenship recognized: yes, but requires prior permission from the government
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Turkey
dual citizenship recognized: yes, but requires prior permission from the government
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Neuseeland
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of New Zealand
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 3 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of New Zealand
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 3 years
Bosnien und Herzegowina
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovina
dual citizenship recognized: yes, provided there is a bilateral agreement with the other state
residency requirement for naturalization: 8 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovina
dual citizenship recognized: yes, provided there is a bilateral agreement with the other state
residency requirement for naturalization: 8 years
Legal system
Türkei
civil law system based on various European legal systems, notably the Swiss civil code
Neuseeland
common law system, based on English model, with special legislation and land courts for the Maori
Bosnien und Herzegowina
civil law system; Constitutional Court review of legislative acts
Suffrage
Türkei
18 years of age; universal
Neuseeland
18 years of age; universal
Bosnien und Herzegowina
18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal
Area
Türkei
total: 783,562 sq km
land: 769,632 sq km
water: 13,930 sq km
land: 769,632 sq km
water: 13,930 sq km
Neuseeland
total: 268,838 sq km
land: 264,537 sq km
water: 4,301 sq km
note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands
land: 264,537 sq km
water: 4,301 sq km
note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total: 51,197 sq km
land: 51,187 sq km
water: 10 sq km
land: 51,187 sq km
water: 10 sq km
Land use
Türkei
agricultural land: 49.7% (2018 est.)
arable land: 26.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 19% (2018 est.)
forest: 14.9% (2018 est.)
other: 35.4% (2018 est.)
arable land: 26.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 19% (2018 est.)
forest: 14.9% (2018 est.)
other: 35.4% (2018 est.)
Neuseeland
agricultural land: 43.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 1.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 41.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 31.4% (2018 est.)
other: 25.4% (2018 est.)
arable land: 1.8% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 0.3% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 41.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 31.4% (2018 est.)
other: 25.4% (2018 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
agricultural land: 42.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 19.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 2% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 20.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 42.8% (2018 est.)
other: 15% (2018 est.)
arable land: 19.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 2% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 20.5% (2018 est.)
forest: 42.8% (2018 est.)
other: 15% (2018 est.)
Location
Türkei
Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria
Neuseeland
Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia
Bosnien und Herzegowina
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia
Age structure
Türkei
0-14 years: 22.12% (male 9,459,277/female 9,029,296)
15-64 years: 68.58% (male 29,023,477/female 28,301,263)
65 years and over: 9.31% (2023 est.) (male 3,512,598/female 4,267,572)
15-64 years: 68.58% (male 29,023,477/female 28,301,263)
65 years and over: 9.31% (2023 est.) (male 3,512,598/female 4,267,572)
Neuseeland
0-14 years: 19.15% (male 503,190/female 475,527)
15-64 years: 64.36% (male 1,661,312/female 1,627,304)
65 years and over: 16.49% (2023 est.) (male 394,339/female 448,030)
15-64 years: 64.36% (male 1,661,312/female 1,627,304)
65 years and over: 16.49% (2023 est.) (male 394,339/female 448,030)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
0-14 years: 13.14% (male 258,937/female 241,581)
15-64 years: 69% (male 1,319,995/female 1,307,304)
65 years and over: 17.86% (2023 est.) (male 277,555/female 402,392)
15-64 years: 69% (male 1,319,995/female 1,307,304)
65 years and over: 17.86% (2023 est.) (male 277,555/female 402,392)
Birth rate
Türkei
14 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Neuseeland
12.7 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
8.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Türkei
6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Neuseeland
6.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
10.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Türkei
Turkish (official), Kurdish, other minority languages
major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, temel bilgi edinmek için vazgeçilmez bir kaynak. (Turkish)
major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, temel bilgi edinmek için vazgeçilmez bir kaynak. (Turkish)
ڕاستییەکانی جیهان، باشترین سەرچاوەیە بۆ زانیارییە بنەڕەتییەکان (Kurdish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Neuseeland
English (de facto official) 95.4%, Maori (de jure official) 4%, Samoan 2.2%, Northern Chinese 2%, Hindi 1.5%, French 1.2%, Yue 1.1%, New Zealand Sign Language (de jure official) 0.5%, other or not stated 17.2% (2018 est.)
note: shares sum to 124.1% due to multiple responses on the 2018 census
note: shares sum to 124.1% due to multiple responses on the 2018 census
Bosnien und Herzegowina
Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)
major-language sample(s):
Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Bosnian)
Knjiga svetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Serbian)
Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, nužan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Croatian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Bosnian)
Knjiga svetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Serbian)
Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, nužan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Croatian)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
Türkei
total population: 76.5 years (2023 est.)
male: 74.1 years
female: 78.9 years
male: 74.1 years
female: 78.9 years
Neuseeland
total population: 82.7 years (2023 est.)
male: 81 years
female: 84.6 years
male: 81 years
female: 84.6 years
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total population: 78.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 75.3 years
female: 81.4 years
male: 75.3 years
female: 81.4 years
Major urban areas - population
Türkei
15.848 million Istanbul, 5.397 million ANKARA (capital), 3.088 million Izmir, 2.086 million Bursa, 1.836 million Adana, 1.805 million Gaziantep (2023)
Neuseeland
1.673 million Auckland, 422,000 WELLINGTON (capital) (2023)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
346,000 SARAJEVO (capital) (2023)
Median age
Türkei
total: 33.6 years (2023 est.)
male: 33 years
female: 34.1 years
male: 33 years
female: 34.1 years
Neuseeland
total: 37.7 years (2023 est.)
male: 36.9 years
female: 38.4 years
male: 36.9 years
female: 38.4 years
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total: 44.4 years (2023 est.)
male: 42.7 years
female: 46.1 years
male: 42.7 years
female: 46.1 years
Mother's mean age at first birth
Türkei
26.6 years (2020 est.)
Neuseeland
27.8 years
Bosnien und Herzegowina
27.7 years (2019 est.)
Net migration rate
Türkei
-1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Neuseeland
4.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Türkei
the most densely populated area is found around the Bosporus in the northwest where 20% of the population lives in Istanbul; with the exception of Ankara, urban centers remain small and scattered throughout the interior of Anatolia; an overall pattern of peripheral development exists, particularly along the Aegean Sea coast in the west, and the Tigris and Euphrates River systems in the southeast
Neuseeland
over three-quarters of New Zealanders, including the indigenous Maori, live on the North Island, primarily in urban areas
Bosnien und Herzegowina
the northern and central areas of the country are the most densely populated
Population growth rate
Türkei
0.64% (2023 est.)
Neuseeland
1.06% (2023 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
-0.23% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Türkei
1.91 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Neuseeland
1.86 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
1.37 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Türkei
urban population: 77.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Neuseeland
urban population: 87% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 0.92% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
urban population: 50.3% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Türkei
3.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Neuseeland
6% of GDP (2020 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
NA
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Türkei
total: 18 years
male: 19 years
female: 18 years (2020)
male: 19 years
female: 18 years (2020)
Neuseeland
total: 20 years
male: 20 years
female: 21 years (2020)
male: 20 years
female: 21 years (2020)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total: 14 years
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2014)
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2014)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Türkei
-1.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Neuseeland
1.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
2.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Türkei
12.46% (2021 est.)
Neuseeland
-2.09% (2020 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
8.87% (2021 est.)
Labor force
Türkei
32.554 million (2021 est.)
note: this number is for the domestic labor force only; number does not include about 1.2 million Turks working abroad, nor refugees
note: this number is for the domestic labor force only; number does not include about 1.2 million Turks working abroad, nor refugees
Neuseeland
2.911 million (2021 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
1.169 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line
Türkei
14.4% (2018 est.)
Neuseeland
NA
Bosnien und Herzegowina
16.9% (2015 est.)
Unemployment rate
Türkei
13.39% (2021 est.)
13.11% (2020 est.)
13.67% (2019 est.)
13.11% (2020 est.)
13.67% (2019 est.)
Neuseeland
4.12% (2021 est.)
4.59% (2020 est.)
4.11% (2019 est.)
4.59% (2020 est.)
4.11% (2019 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
15.22% (2021 est.)
15.27% (2020 est.)
15.69% (2019 est.)
note: official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy
15.27% (2020 est.)
15.69% (2019 est.)
note: official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy
Public debt
Türkei
41.97% of GDP (2020 est.)
34.13% of GDP (2019 est.)
29.41% of GDP (2018 est.)
34.13% of GDP (2019 est.)
29.41% of GDP (2018 est.)
Neuseeland
46.33% of GDP (2020 est.)
32.7% of GDP (2019 est.)
36.61% of GDP (2018 est.)
32.7% of GDP (2019 est.)
36.61% of GDP (2018 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
46.05% of GDP (2020 est.)
44.63% of GDP (2019 est.)
45.56% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions.
44.63% of GDP (2019 est.)
45.56% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions.
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Türkei
19.6% (2021 est.)
12.28% (2020 est.)
15.18% (2019 est.)
12.28% (2020 est.)
15.18% (2019 est.)
Neuseeland
3.94% (2021 est.)
1.71% (2020 est.)
1.62% (2019 est.)
1.71% (2020 est.)
1.62% (2019 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
1.98% (2021 est.)
-1.05% (2020 est.)
0.56% (2019 est.)
-1.05% (2020 est.)
0.56% (2019 est.)
Exports
Türkei
$282.851 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$203.816 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$244.941 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$203.816 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$244.941 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Neuseeland
$54.777 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$50.544 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$57.875 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$50.544 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$57.875 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Bosnien und Herzegowina
$9.948 billion (2021 est.)
$6.936 billion (2020 est.)
$8.199 billion (2019 est.)
note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
$6.936 billion (2020 est.)
$8.199 billion (2019 est.)
note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
Exports - partners
Türkei
Germany 9%, United Kingdom 6%, Iraq 5%, Italy 5%, United States 5% (2019)
Neuseeland
China 33%, Australia 12%, United States 11%, Japan 6%, South Korea 3% (2021)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
Germany 14%, Italy 12%, Croatia 11%, Serbia 11%, Austria 9%, Slovenia 8% (2019)
Imports
Türkei
$285.578 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$230.141 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$227.638 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$230.141 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$227.638 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Neuseeland
$62.862 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$48.104 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$57.682 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$48.104 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$57.682 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Bosnien und Herzegowina
$12.726 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$9.726 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$11.156 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$9.726 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$11.156 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners
Türkei
Germany 11%, China 9%, Russia 9%, United States 5%, Italy 5% (2019)
Neuseeland
China 22%, Australia 15%, United States 7%, Japan 6%, Thailand 5% (2021)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
Croatia 15%, Serbia 13%, Germany 10%, Italy 9%, Slovenia 7%, China 6% (2019)
Airports
Türkei
98 (2021)
Neuseeland
123 (2021)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
24 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Türkei
total: 16,734,853 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 20 (2020 est.)
Neuseeland
total: 1,764,984 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2020 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total: 770,424 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Türkei
total: 68.85 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 81% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 81% (2021 est.)
Neuseeland
total: 4.896 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 96% (2021 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total: 2.508 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 76% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 76% (2021 est.)
Railways
Türkei
total: 11,497 km (2018)
standard gauge: 11,497 km (2018) 1.435-m gauge (1.435 km high speed train)
standard gauge: 11,497 km (2018) 1.435-m gauge (1.435 km high speed train)
Neuseeland
total: 4,128 km (2018)
narrow gauge: 4,128 km (2018) 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 4,128 km (2018) 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total: 965 km (2014)
standard gauge: 965 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (565 km electrified)
standard gauge: 965 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (565 km electrified)
Roadways
Türkei
total: 67,333 km (2018)
paved: 24,082 km (2018) (includes 2,159 km of expressways)
unpaved: 43,251 km (2018)
paved: 24,082 km (2018) (includes 2,159 km of expressways)
unpaved: 43,251 km (2018)
Neuseeland
total: 94,000 km (2017)
paved: 61,600 km (2017) (includes 199 km of expressways)
unpaved: 32,400 km (2017)
paved: 61,600 km (2017) (includes 199 km of expressways)
unpaved: 32,400 km (2017)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total: 22,926 km (2010)
paved: 19,426 km (2010) (4,652 km of interurban roads)
unpaved: 3,500 km (2010)
paved: 19,426 km (2010) (4,652 km of interurban roads)
unpaved: 3,500 km (2010)
Telephones - fixed lines
Türkei
total subscriptions: 12 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 15 (2021 est.)
Neuseeland
total subscriptions: 651,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total subscriptions: 689,295 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 21 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 21 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Türkei
total subscriptions: 86 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 100 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 100 (2021 est.)
Neuseeland
total subscriptions: 5.846 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2021 est.)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
total subscriptions: 3,728,775 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2021 est.)
Waterways
Türkei
1,200 km (2010)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
990 km (2022) (Sava River on northern border; open to shipping but use limited)
Disputes - international
Türkei
Turkey-Armenia: in 2009, Swiss mediators facilitated an accord reestablishing diplomatic ties between Armenia and Turkey, but neither side has ratified the agreement and the rapprochement effort has faltered; in early 2022, the two countries held talks twice aimed at normalizing relations, which could lead to the opening of their land border, shut since 1993; in 2000, Turkish authorities complained to UNESCO that blasting from quarries in Armenia was damaging the medieval ruins of Ani, on the other side of the Arpacay valley
Turkey-Azerbaijan: none identified
Turkey-Bulgaria: none identified
Turkey-Cyprus: status of northern Cyprus question remains
Turkey-Georgia: none identified
Turkey-Greece: complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes with Greece in the Aegean Sea, including rights to explore oil and gas reserves in the eastern Mediterranean and illegal migrants transiting from Turkey into Greece; the Aegean Maritime Boundary is complicated by the close proximity of Greek islands to the western shores of the Turkish Anatolian peninsula, representing the primary source of conflict between the two countries
Turkey-Iran: none identified
Turkey-Iraq: Turkey has expressed concern over the status of Kurds in Iraq
Turkey-Syria: Turkey completed building a wall along its border with Syria in 2018 to prevent illegal border crossings and smuggling
Neuseeland
New Zealand-Antarctica: asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency)
Bosnien und Herzegowina
Bosnia and Herzegovina-Serbia: Serbia delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and Herzegovina, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute.
Bosnia and Herzegovina-Croatia: none identified
Bosnia and Herzegovina-Montenegro: none identified
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