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Flagge: Tansania Tansania
Flagge: Kuba Kuba
Flagge: China China
Capital

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

name: Dodoma; note - Dodoma was designated the national capital in 1996; Dar es Salaam, the original national capital, is the country's largest city and commercial center 

geographic coordinates: 6 48 S, 39 17 E

time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: Dodoma, in the native Gogo language, means "it has sunk"; supposedly, one day during the rainy season, an elephant drowned in the area; the villagers in that place were so struck by what had occurred, that ever since the locale has been referred to as the place where "it (the elephant) sunk"

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

name: Havana

geographic coordinates: 23 07 N, 82 21 W

time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November; note - Cuba has been known to alter the schedule of DST on short notice in an attempt to conserve electricity for lighting

etymology: the sites of Spanish colonial cities often retained their original Taino names; Habana, the Spanish name for the city, may be based on the name of a local Taino chief, HABAGUANEX

Flagge: China China

name: Beijing

geographic coordinates: 39 55 N, 116 23 E

time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

time zone note: China is the largest country (in terms of area) with just one time zone; before 1949 it was divided into five

etymology: the Chinese meaning is "Northern Capital"
Citizenship

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tanzania; if a child is born abroad, the father must be a citizen of Tanzania

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: unknown

Flagge: China China

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: least one parent must be a citizen of China

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: while naturalization is theoretically possible, in practical terms it is extremely difficult; residency is required but not specified
Legal system

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

civil law system based on Spanish civil code

Flagge: China China

civil law influenced by Soviet and continental European civil law systems; legislature retains power to interpret statutes; note - on 28 May 2020, the National People's Congress adopted the PRC Civil Code, which codifies personal relations and property relations
Suffrage

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

18 years of age; universal

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

16 years of age; universal

Flagge: China China

18 years of age; universal
Area

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total: 947,300 sq km

land: 885,800 sq km

water: 61,500 sq km

note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total: 110,860 sq km

land: 109,820 sq km

water: 1,040 sq km

Flagge: China China

total: 9,596,960 sq km

land: 9,326,410 sq km

water: 270,550 sq km
Land use

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

agricultural land: 43.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 14.3% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 2.3% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 27.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 37.3% (2018 est.)

other: 19% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

agricultural land: 60.3% (2018 est.)

arable land: 33.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 3.6% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 22.9% (2018 est.)

forest: 27.3% (2018 est.)

other: 12.4% (2018 est.)

Flagge: China China

agricultural land: 54.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 11.3% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 1.6% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 41.8% (2018 est.)

forest: 22.3% (2018 est.)

other: 23% (2018 est.)
Location

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, 150 km south of Key West, Florida

Flagge: China China

Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam
Age structure

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

0-14 years: 41.5% (male 13,765,789/female 13,475,555)

15-64 years: 55.15% (male 18,076,988/female 18,123,677)

65 years and over: 3.35% (2023 est.) (male 933,786/female 1,266,887)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

0-14 years: 16.39% (male 926,457/female 874,347)

15-64 years: 66.81% (male 3,692,573/female 3,647,316)

65 years and over: 16.8% (2023 est.) (male 835,005/female 1,010,276)

Flagge: China China

0-14 years: 16.48% (male 124,166,174/female 108,729,429)

15-64 years: 69.4% (male 504,637,819/female 476,146,909)

65 years and over: 14.11% (2023 est.) (male 92,426,805/female 107,035,710)
Birth rate

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

32.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

10 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: China China

9.7 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

9.4 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: China China

7.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguja (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages; note - Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources including Arabic and English; it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages

major-language sample(s):
The World Factbook, Chanzo cha Lazima Kuhusu Habari ya Msingi. (Kiswahili)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

Spanish (official)

major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: China China

Standard Chinese or Mandarin (official; Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry); note - Zhuang is official in Guangxi Zhuang, Yue is official in Guangdong, Mongolian is official in Nei Mongol, Uyghur is official in Xinjiang Uygur, Kyrgyz is official in Xinjiang Uyghur, and Tibetan is official in Xizang (Tibet)

major-language sample(s):
世界概況  –  不可缺少的基本消息來源 (Standard Chinese)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total population: 70.5 years (2023 est.)

male: 68.7 years

female: 72.3 years

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total population: 79.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 77.5 years

female: 82.4 years

Flagge: China China

total population: 78.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 75.5 years

female: 81.2 years
Major urban areas - population

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

262,000 Dodoma (legislative capital) (2018), 7.776 million DAR ES SALAAM (administrative capital), 1.311 million Mwanza, 800,000 Zanzibar (2023)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

2.149 million HAVANA (capital) (2023)

Flagge: China China

29.211 million Shanghai, 21.766 million BEIJING (capital), 17.341 million Chongqing, 14.284 million Guangzhou, 14.239 million Tianjin, 13.073 million Shenzhen (2023)
Median age

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total: 18.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 18.7 years

female: 19.2 years

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total: 42.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 40.8 years

female: 44.3 years

Flagge: China China

total: 39.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 38.6 years

female: 41.1 years
Mother's mean age at first birth

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

19.8 years (2015/16 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49
Net migration rate

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

-2.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: China China

-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

the largest and most populous East African country; population distribution is extremely uneven, but greater population clusters occur in the northern half of country and along the east coast as shown in this population distribution map

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

large population clusters found throughout the country, the more significant ones being in the larger towns and cities, particularly the capital of Havana

Flagge: China China

overwhelming majority of the population is found in the eastern half of the country; the west, with its vast mountainous and desert areas, remains sparsely populated; though ranked first in the world in total population, overall density is less than that of many other countries in Asia and Europe; high population density is found along the Yangtze and Yellow River valleys, the Xi Jiang River delta, the Sichuan Basin (around Chengdu), in and around Beijing, and the industrial area around Shenyang
Population growth rate

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

2.75% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

-0.19% (2023 est.)

Flagge: China China

0.18% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

4.33 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

1.71 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: China China

1.45 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

urban population: 37.4% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 4.89% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

urban population: 77.5% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: China China

urban population: 64.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.78% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

note: data do not include Hong Kong and Macau
Education expenditures

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

3.3% of GDP (2021 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

NA

Flagge: China China

3.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total: 9 years

male: 9 years

female: 9 years (2021)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total: 14 years

male: 13 years

female: 15 years (2021)

Flagge: China China

total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 14 years (2015)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

-1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

-10.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: China China

-3.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

6.5% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

-6.75% (2021 est.)

Flagge: China China

8.22% (2021 est.)
Labor force

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

29.863 million (2021 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

5.135 million (2021 est.)

note: state sector 72.3%, non-state sector 27.7%

Flagge: China China

791.383 million (2021 est.)

note: by the end of 2012, China's working age population (15-64 years) was 1.004 billion
Population below poverty line

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

26.4% (2017 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

NA

Flagge: China China

0.6% (2019 est.)
Unemployment rate

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

2.65% (2021 est.)

2.53% (2020 est.)

2.22% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

2.76% (2021 est.)

2.62% (2020 est.)

1.74% (2019 est.)

note: data are official rates; unofficial estimates are about double

Flagge: China China

4.82% (2021 est.)

5% (2020 est.)

4.52% (2019 est.)

note: data are for registered urban unemployment, which excludes private enterprises and migrants
Public debt

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

37% of GDP (2017 est.)

38% of GDP (2016 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

47.7% of GDP (2017 est.)

42.7% of GDP (2016 est.)

Flagge: China China

47% of GDP (2017 est.)

44.2% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: official data; data cover both central and local government debt, including debt officially recognized by China's National Audit Office report in 2011; data exclude policy bank bonds, Ministry of Railway debt, and China Asset Management Company debt
Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

3.69% (2021 est.)

3.29% (2020 est.)

3.46% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

5.5% (2017 est.)

4.5% (2016 est.)

Flagge: China China

0.98% (2021 est.)

2.42% (2020 est.)

2.9% (2019 est.)
Exports

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

$8.555 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$9.659 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$8.307 billion (2018 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

$2.63 billion (2017 est.)

$2.546 billion (2016 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Flagge: China China

$3.554 trillion (2021 est.)

$2.739 trillion (2020 est.)

$2.631 trillion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.
Exports - partners

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

India 15%, United Arab Emirates 15%, Switzerland 14%, Uganda 12%, China 7% (2020)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

China 38%, Spain 11%, Netherlands 5%, Germany 5% (2019)

Flagge: China China

United States 17%, Hong Kong 10%, Japan 6% (2019)
Imports

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

$9.181 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$10.576 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$10.399 billion (2018 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

$11.06 billion (2017 est.)

$10.28 billion (2016 est.)

Flagge: China China

$3.091 trillion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.38 trillion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$2.499 trillion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

China 34%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 14%, India 12%, United Arab Emirates 6%, South Africa 3% (2020)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

Spain 19%, China 15%, Italy 6%, Canada 5%, Russia 5%, United States 5%, Brazil 5% (2019)

Flagge: China China

South Korea 9%, Japan 8%, Australia 7%, Germany 7%, US 7%, Taiwan 6% (2019)
Airports

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

166 (2021)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

133 (2021)

Flagge: China China

507 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total: 1,135,608 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total: 231,654 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est.)

Flagge: China China

total: 483,549,500 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 34 (2020 est.)
Internet users

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total: 20.48 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 32% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total: 7.81 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 71% (2021 est.)

note: private citizens are prohibited from buying computers or accessing the Internet without special authorization; foreigners may access the Internet in large hotels but are subject to firewalls; some Cubans buy illegal passwords on the black market or take advantage of public outlets to access limited email and the government-controlled "intranet"; issues relating to COVID-19 impact research into internet adoption, so actual internet user figures may be different than published numbers suggest

Flagge: China China

total: 1.022 billion (2021 est.)

percent of population: 73% (2021 est.)
Railways

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total: 4,097 km (2022)

standard gauge: 421 km (2022)

narrow gauge: 969 km (2022) 1.067 m gauge

broad gauge: 2,707 km (2022) 1.000 m guage

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total: 8,367 km (2017)

standard gauge: 8,195 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge (124 km electrified)

narrow gauge: 172 km (2017) 1.000-m gauge

note: As of 2013, 70 km of standard gauge and 12 km of narrow gauge track were not for public use

Flagge: China China

total: 150,000 km (2021) 1.435-m gauge (100,000 km electrified); 104,0000 traditional, 40,000 high-speed
Roadways

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total: 145,203 km (2022)

paved: 11,201 km (2022)

unpaved: 134,002 km (2022)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total: 60,000 km (2015)

paved: 20,000 km (2001)

unpaved: 40,000 km (2001)

Flagge: China China

total: 5.2 million km (2020)

paved: 4.578 million km (2020) (includes 168000 km of expressways)

unpaved: 622,000 km (2017)
Telephones - fixed lines

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total subscriptions: 72,000 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total subscriptions: 1,539,269 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2021 est.)

Flagge: China China

total subscriptions: 180,700,500 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

total subscriptions: 54 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 85 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

total subscriptions: 7,103,296 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 63 (2021 est.)

Flagge: China China

total subscriptions: 1.73 billion (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 122 (2021 est.)
Waterways

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

1,594 km (2022) (Lake Tanganyika 673 km, Lake Victoria 337 km, and Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) 584 km are the principal avenues of commerce with neighboring countries; the rivers are not navigable)

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

240 km (2011) (almost all navigable inland waterways are near the mouths of rivers)

Flagge: China China

27,700 km (2020) (navigable waterways)
Disputes - international

Flagge: Vereinigte Republik Tansania Vereinigte Republik Tansania

Tanzania-Burundi: none identified

Tanzania-Democratic Republic of the Congo: none identified

Tanzania-Kenya: none identified

Tanzania-Malawi: dispute with Malawi over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and the meandering Songwe River; Malawi contends that the entire lake up to the Tanzanian shoreline is its territory, while Tanzania claims the border is in the center of the lake

Tanzania-Mozambique: none identified

Tanzania-Rwanda: none identified

Tanzania-Uganda: none identified

Flagge: Kuba Kuba

US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased to US and only mutual agreement or US abandonment of the facility can terminate the lease

Flagge: China China

China-India: continue their security and foreign policy dialogue started in 2005 related to a number of boundary disputes across the 2,000 mile shared border; India does not recognize Pakistan's 1964 ceding to China of the Aksai Chin, a territory designated as part of the princely state of Kashmir by the British Survey of India in 1865; China claims most of the Indian state Arunachal Pradesh to the base of the Himalayas, but the US recognizes the state of Arunachal Pradesh as Indian territory

China-Bhutan: continue negotiations to establish a common boundary alignment to resolve territorial disputes arising from substantial cartographic discrepancies, the most contentious of which lie in Bhutan's west along China's Chumbi salient

China-North Korea: certain islands in the Yalu and Tumen Rivers are in dispute with North Korea; both countries seek to stem illegal migration to China by North Koreans fleeing privation and oppression

China-Russia: have demarcated the once disputed islands at the Amur and Ussuri confluence and in the Argun River in accordance with their 2004 Agreement

China-Tajikistan: have begun demarcating the revised boundary agreed to in the delimitation of 2002

Southeast Asia: the decade-long demarcation of the China-Vietnam land boundary was completed in 2009; citing environmental, cultural, and social concerns, China has reconsidered construction of 13 dams on the Salween River, but energy-starved Burma, with backing from Thailand, continues to consider building five hydro-electric dams downstream despite regional and international protests

Maritime: Chinese maps show an international boundary symbol (the so-called “nine-dash line”) off the coasts of the littoral states of the South China Sea, where China has interrupted Vietnamese hydrocarbon exploration; China asserts sovereignty over Scarborough Reef along with the Philippines and Taiwan, and over the Spratly Islands together with Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and Brunei; the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea eased tensions in the Spratlys, and in 2017 China and ASEAN began confidential negotiations for an updated Code of Conduct for the South China Sea designed not to settle territorial disputes but establish rules and norms in the region; this still is not the legally binding code of conduct sought by some parties; both China and Vietnam continue to expand construction of facilities in the Spratlys, and in early 2018 China began deploying advanced military systems to disputed Spratly outposts; China occupies some of the Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; the Japanese-administered Senkaku Islands are also claimed by China and Taiwan

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