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Daten & Fakten

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam
Flagge: Syrien Syrien
Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador
Capital

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

name: Hanoi (Ha Noi)

geographic coordinates: 21 02 N, 105 51 E

time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: the city has had many names in its history going back to A.D. 1010 when it first became the capital of imperial Vietnam; in 1831, it received its current name of Ha Noi, meaning "between the rivers," which refers to its geographic location

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

name: Damascus

geographic coordinates: 33 30 N, 36 18 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins midnight on the last Friday in March; ends at midnight on the last Friday in October

etymology: Damascus is a very old city; its earliest name, Temeseq, first appears in an Egyptian geographical list of the 15th century B.C., but the meaning is uncertain

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

name: San Salvador

geographic coordinates: 13 42 N, 89 12 W

time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: Spanish for "Holy Savior" (referring to Jesus Christ)
Citizenship

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Vietnam

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Syria; if the father is unknown or stateless, the mother must be a citizen of Syria

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

citizenship by birth: yes

citizenship by descent only: yes

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Legal system

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

civil law system; note - the civil code of 2005 reflects a European-style civil law

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

mixed legal system of civil and Islamic (sharia) law (for family courts)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

civil law system with minor common law influence; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court
Suffrage

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

18 years of age; universal

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

18 years of age; universal

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

18 years of age; universal
Area

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total: 331,210 sq km

land: 310,070 sq km

water: 21,140 sq km

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total: 187,437 sq km

land: 185,887 sq km

water: 1,550 sq km

note: includes 1,295 sq km of Israeli-occupied territory

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total: 21,041 sq km

land: 20,721 sq km

water: 320 sq km
Land use

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

agricultural land: 34.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 20.6% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 2.1% (2018 est.)

forest: 45% (2018 est.)

other: 20.2% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

agricultural land: 75.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 25.4% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 5.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 44.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 2.7% (2018 est.)

other: 21.5% (2018 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

agricultural land: 74.7% (2018 est.)

arable land: 33.1% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 10.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 30.7% (2018 est.)

forest: 13.6% (2018 est.)

other: 11.7% (2018 est.)
Location

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea, as well as China, Laos, and Cambodia

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras
Age structure

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

0-14 years: 23.44% (male 12,975,791/female 11,593,157)

15-64 years: 68.69% (male 36,280,449/female 35,705,586)

65 years and over: 7.87% (2023 est.) (male 3,346,804/female 4,897,387)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

0-14 years: 33.27% (male 3,914,737/female 3,716,362)

15-64 years: 62.58% (male 7,141,423/female 7,209,386)

65 years and over: 4.15% (2023 est.) (male 445,288/female 506,335)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

0-14 years: 25.4% (male 857,304/female 819,670)

15-64 years: 66.39% (male 2,072,784/female 2,310,573)

65 years and over: 8.21% (2023 est.) (male 232,684/female 309,355)
Birth rate

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

15.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

22.2 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

17.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

4.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

Vietnamese (official), English (increasingly favored as a second language), some French, Chinese, and Khmer, mountain area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)

major-language sample(s):
Dữ kiện thế giới, là nguồn thông tin cơ bản không thể thiếu. (Vietnamese)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

Arabic (official), Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian, French, English

major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)

ڕاستییەکانی جیهان، باشترین سەرچاوەیە بۆ زانیارییە بنەڕەتییەکان (Kurdish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

Spanish (official), Nawat (among some Amerindians)

major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total population: 75.8 years (2023 est.)

male: 73.2 years

female: 78.6 years

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total population: 74.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 73.1 years

female: 76.1 years

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total population: 75.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 72.2 years

female: 79.3 years
Major urban areas - population

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

9.321 million Ho Chi Minh City, 5.253 million HANOI (capital), 1.865 million Can Tho, 1.423 million Hai Phong, 1.221 million Da Nang, 1.111 million Bien Hoa (2023)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

2.585 million DAMASCUS (capital), 2.203 million Aleppo, 1.443 million Hims (Homs), 996,000 Hamah (2023)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

1.116 million SAN SALVADOR (capital) (2023)
Median age

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total: 32.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 31.6 years

female: 33.8 years

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total: 23.9 years (2023 est.)

male: 23.3 years

female: 24.5 years

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total: 29.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 27.7 years

female: 30.7 years

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

20.8 years (2008 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
Net migration rate

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

-0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

45.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.) NA

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

-7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

though it has one of the highest population densities in the world, the population is not evenly dispersed; clustering is heaviest along the South China Sea and Gulf of Tonkin, with the Mekong Delta (in the south) and the Red River Valley (in the north) having the largest concentrations of people

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

significant population density along the Mediterranean coast; larger concentrations found in the major cities of Damascus, Aleppo (the country's largest city), and Hims (Homs); more than half of the population lives in the coastal plain, the province of Halab, and the Euphrates River valley

note: the ongoing civil war has altered the population distribution

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

athough it is the smallest country in land area in Central America, El Salvador has a population that is 18 times larger than Belize; at least 20% of the population lives abroad; high population density country-wide, with particular concentration around the capital of San Salvador
Population growth rate

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

0.93% (2023 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

6.39% (2023 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

0.46% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

2.04 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

2.74 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

2.04 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

urban population: 39.5% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

urban population: 57.4% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 5.38% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

urban population: 75.4% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

4.1% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

NA

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

4.1% of GDP (2020 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total: 9 years

male: 9 years

female: 9 years (2013)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total: 12 years

male: 12 years

female: 12 years (2018)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

-6.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

-8.7% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

-2.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

3.58% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

-14.77% (2020 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

9.47% (2021 est.)
Labor force

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

56.203 million (2021 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

6.143 million (2021 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

2.658 million (2021 est.)
Population below poverty line

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

6.7% (2018 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

82.5% (2014 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

22.8% (2019 est.)
Unemployment rate

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

2.17% (2021 est.)

2.39% (2020 est.)

2.04% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

10.57% (2021 est.)

10.26% (2020 est.)

8.77% (2019 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

5.94% (2021 est.)

6.25% (2020 est.)

4.17% (2019 est.)

note: data are official rates; but underemployment is high
Public debt

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

58.5% of GDP (2017 est.)

59.9% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

94.8% of GDP (2017 est.)

91.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

71.41% of GDP (2020 est.)

53.88% of GDP (2019 est.)

52.21% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: El Salvador's total public debt includes non-financial public sector debt, financial public sector debt, and central bank debt
Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

1.83% (2021 est.)

3.22% (2020 est.)

2.8% (2019 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

28.1% (2017 est.)

47.3% (2016 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

3.47% (2021 est.)

-0.37% (2020 est.)

0.08% (2019 est.)
Exports

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

$339.984 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$290.229 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$280.826 billion (2019 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

$1.85 billion (2017 est.)

$1.705 billion (2016 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

$8.491 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$6.295 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$8.057 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Exports - partners

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

US 28%, China 17%, South Korea 6%, Japan 6%, Hong Kong 4% (2021)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

Saudi Arabia 23%, Turkey 18%, Egypt 14%, United Arab Emirates 8%, Jordan 7%, Kuwait 5% (2019)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

United States 40%, Guatemala 15%, Honduras 15%, Nicaragua 6% (2019)
Imports

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

$338.021 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$269.808 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$261.683 billion (2019 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

$6.279 billion (2017 est.)

$5.496 billion (2016 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

$15.754 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$10.764 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$12.469 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Imports - partners

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

China 39%, South Korea 17%, Japan 5%, Taiwan 4%, Thailand 4% (2021)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

Turkey 27%, China 22%, United Arab Emirates 14%, Egypt 5% (2019)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

United States 30%, China 14%, Guatemala 13%, Mexico 8%, Honduras 6% (2019)
Airports

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

45 (2021)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

90 (2021)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

68 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total: 16,699,249 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2020 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total: 1,549,356 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total: 586,000 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
Internet users

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total: 71.78 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 74% (2021 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total: 8,492,468 (2022 est.)

percent of population: 46.6% (2022 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total: 3.969 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 63% (2021 est.)
Railways

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total: 2,600 km (2014)

standard gauge: 178 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge; 253 km mixed gauge

narrow gauge: 2,169 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total: 2,052 km (2014)

standard gauge: 1,801 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge: 251 km (2014) 1.050-m gauge

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total: 12.5 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 12.5 km (2014) 0.914-mm gauge
Roadways

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total: 195,468 km (2013)

paved: 148,338 km (2013)

unpaved: 47,130 km (2013)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total: 69,873 km (2010)

paved: 63,060 km (2010)

unpaved: 6,813 km (2010)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total: 9,012 km (2017)

paved: 5,341 km (2017)

unpaved: 3,671 km (2017)
Telephones - fixed lines

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total subscriptions: 3.1 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total subscriptions: 2,821,171 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total subscriptions: 856,090 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

total subscriptions: 140 million (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 140 (2021 est.)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

total subscriptions: 16,990,714 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 80 (2021 est.)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

total subscriptions: 11,071,073 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 175 (2021 est.)
Waterways

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

47,130 km (2011) (30,831 km weight under 50 tons)

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

900 km (2011) (navigable but not economically significant)

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

422 km (2022) (Rio Lempa River is partially navigable by small craft)
Disputes - international

Flagge: Vietnam Vietnam

Vietnam-Cambodia: Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities; issues include casinos built in Cambodia near the border, narcotics trafficking, trafficking of women and children, petrol smuggling, illegal logging, and illegal migration; progress on a joint development area with Cambodia is hampered by an unresolved dispute over sovereignty of offshore islands; in December 2021, leaders from the two countries agreed to fully complete the remaining border demarcation and the upgrading of border checkpoints

Vietnam-Cambodia-Laos: Cambodia and Laos protest Vietnamese squatters and armed encroachments along border; Cambodia accuses Vietnam of a wide variety of illicit cross-border activities

Vietnam-China: an estimated 300,000 Vietnamese refugees reside in China; the decade-long demarcation of the China-Vietnam land boundary was completed in 2009; small territorial exchanges were made during the demarcation; China occupies the Paracel Islands also claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; cross border trafficking in women and children and illegal wildlife trade are problems along this border; In December 2021, China tightened its border controls over COVID concerns, restricting an important trade route for Vietnam

Vietnam-Laos: Laos opened a strategically important international border crossing with Vietnam in 2021, which will shorten the distance for goods and people transiting between Thailand and Vietnam

Flagge: Arabische Republik Syrien Arabische Republik Syrien

Syria-Iraq: none identified

Syria-Israel: Golan Heights is Israeli-controlled with UN Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF) patrolling a buffer zone since 1974; because of ceasefire violations and increased military activity in the Golan Heights, the UN Security Council continues to extend UNDOF’s mandate; since 2000, Lebanon has claimed Shab'a Farms in the Golan Heights

Syria-Jordan: the two countries signed an agreement in 2005 to settle the border dispute based on a 1931 demarcation accord; the two countries began demarcation in 2006

Syria-Lebanon: discussions on demarcating the two countries’ maritime borders were held in April 2021, after Syria signed a contract with a Russian company to conduct oil and gas exploration in a disputed maritime area, but the issue was not resolved

Syria-Turkey: none identified

Flagge: El Salvador El Salvador

El Salvador-Honduras: International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras border in 1992 with final settlement by the parties in 2006 after an Organization of American States survey and a further ICJ ruling in 2003; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca with consideration of Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not mentioned in the ICJ ruling, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca.

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