Capital

Kambodscha

name: Phnom Penh

geographic coordinates: 11 33 N, 104 55 E

time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: Phnom Penh translates as "Penh's Hill" in Khmer; the city takes its name from the present Wat Phnom (Hill Temple), the tallest religious structure in the city, whose establishment, according to legend, was inspired in the 14th century by a pious nun, Daun PENH

Citizenship

Kambodscha

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Cambodia

dual citizenship recognized: yes

residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years

Legal system

Kambodscha

civil law system (influenced by the UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia) customary law, Communist legal theory, and common law

Suffrage

Kambodscha

18 years of age; universal

Area

Kambodscha

total: 181,035 sq km

land: 176,515 sq km

water: 4,520 sq km

Land use

Kambodscha

agricultural land: 32.1% (2018 est.)

arable land: 22.7% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.9% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 8.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 56.5% (2018 est.)

other: 11.4% (2018 est.)

Location

Kambodscha

Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand, between Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos

Age structure

Kambodscha

0-14 years: 29.47% (male 2,518,910/female 2,459,235)

15-64 years: 65.39% (male 5,362,180/female 5,682,247)

65 years and over: 5.14% (2023 est.) (male 308,931/female 559,742)

Birth rate

Kambodscha

18.8 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Kambodscha

5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Kambodscha

Khmer (official) 95.8%, minority languages 2.9%, Chinese 0.6%, Vietnamese 0.5%, other 0.2% (2019 est.)

major-language sample(s):
សៀវភៅហេតុការណនៅលើពិភពលោក។ ទីតាំងពត៏មានមូលដានគ្រឹះយាងសំខាន់។. (Khmer)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Kambodscha

total population: 71 years (2023 est.)

male: 69.2 years

female: 73 years

Major urban areas - population

Kambodscha

2.281 million PHNOM PENH (capital) (2023)

Median age

Kambodscha

total: 27.6 years (2023 est.)

male: 26.6 years

female: 28.5 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Kambodscha

23.3 years (2021-22 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Net migration rate

Kambodscha

-2.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Kambodscha

population concentrated in the southeast, particularly in and around the capital of Phnom Penh; further distribution is linked closely to the Tonle Sap and Mekong Rivers

Population growth rate

Kambodscha

1.04% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Kambodscha

2.2 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Kambodscha

urban population: 25.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 3.06% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Kambodscha

3.1% of GDP (2020 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Kambodscha

-1.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Kambodscha

9.37% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Kambodscha

9.345 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Kambodscha

16.5% (2016 est.)

Unemployment rate

Kambodscha

0.61% (2021 est.)

0.33% (2020 est.)

0.15% (2019 est.)

note: high underemployment, according to official statistics

Public debt

Kambodscha

30.4% of GDP (2017 est.)

29.1% of GDP (2016 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Kambodscha

2.92% (2021 est.)

2.94% (2020 est.)

1.94% (2019 est.)

Exports

Kambodscha

$20.126 billion (2021 est.)

$20.29 billion (2020 est.)

$21.072 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Exports - partners

Kambodscha

United States 35%, China 7%, Germany 7%, Vietnam 7%, Japan 6% (2021)

Imports

Kambodscha

$32.83 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$23.091 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$25.516 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Kambodscha

China 27%, Singapore 27%, Thailand 16%, Vietnam 12%, Hong Kong 2% (2021)

Airports

Kambodscha

16 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Kambodscha

total: 233,732 (2020 est.) Slowly increase as focus is on mobile internet

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Kambodscha

total: 10.2 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 60% (2021 est.)

Railways

Kambodscha

total: 642 km (2014)

narrow gauge: 642 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge

note: under restoration

Roadways

Kambodscha

total: 47,263 km (2013)

paved: 12,239 km (2013)

unpaved: 35,024 km (2013)

Telephones - fixed lines

Kambodscha

total subscriptions: 40,296 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2021 est.) less than 1

Telephones - mobile cellular

Kambodscha

total subscriptions: 19,899,790 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 120 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Kambodscha

3,700 km (2012) (mainly on Mekong River)

Disputes - international

Kambodscha

Cambodia-Laos: Cambodia is concerned that Laos' extensive upstream dam construction will affect Cambodian waters downstream

Cambodia-Thailand: Cambodia and Thailand have agreed to maintain peace along the border regardless of the decision of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over territorial dispute near Cambodia's Preah Vihear Temple; the ICJ decision of 11 November 2013 determined that Cambodia had sovereignty over the whole territory of the promontory of Preah Vihear; the border disputes do not involve large amounts of territory, and most of the issues were settled by the Nov. 11, 2013 ICJ ruling

Cambodia-Vietnam: issues include casinos built in Cambodia near the border (gambling and prostitution); narcotics (criminals, crime, and abuse); trafficking of women and children, petrol smuggling into Cambodia from Vietnam, illegal logging, and illegal migration