Capital

Bosnien und Herzegowina

name: Sarajevo

geographic coordinates: 43 52 N, 18 25 E

time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: the name derives from the Turkish noun saray, meaning "palace" or "mansion," and the term ova, signifying "plain(s)," to give a meaning of "palace plains" or "the plains about the palace"

Ägypten

name: Cairo

geographic coordinates: 30 03 N, 31 15 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

etymology: from the Arabic "al-Qahira," meaning "the victorious"

Citizenship

Bosnien und Herzegowina

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Bosnia and Herzegovina

dual citizenship recognized: yes, provided there is a bilateral agreement with the other state

residency requirement for naturalization: 8 years

Ägypten

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: if the father was born in Egypt

dual citizenship recognized: only with prior permission from the government

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Hongkong

see China

Hongkong

presidential limited democracy; a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China

Legal system

Bosnien und Herzegowina

civil law system; Constitutional Court review of legislative acts

Ägypten

mixed legal system based on Napoleonic civil and penal law, Islamic religious law, and vestiges of colonial-era laws; judicial review of the constitutionality of laws by the Supreme Constitutional Court

Hongkong

mixed legal system of common law based on the English model and Chinese customary law (in matters of family and land tenure)

Suffrage

Bosnien und Herzegowina

18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal

Ägypten

18 years of age; universal and compulsory

Hongkong

18 years of age in direct elections for half of the Legislative Council seats and all of the seats in 18 district councils; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past 7 years; note - in indirect elections, suffrage is limited to about 220,000 members of functional constituencies for the other half of the legislature and a 1,200-member election committee for the chief executive drawn from broad sectoral groupings, central government bodies, municipal organizations, and elected Hong Kong officials

Area

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 51,197 sq km

land: 51,187 sq km

water: 10 sq km

Ägypten

total: 1,001,450 sq km

land: 995,450 sq km

water: 6,000 sq km

Hongkong

total: 1,108 sq km land: 1,073 sq km water: 35 sq km

Land use

Bosnien und Herzegowina

agricultural land: 42.2% (2018 est.)

arable land: 19.7% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 2% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 20.5% (2018 est.)

forest: 42.8% (2018 est.)

other: 15% (2018 est.)

Ägypten

agricultural land: 3.6% (2018 est.)

arable land: 2.8% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)

forest: 0.1% (2018 est.)

other: 96.3% (2018 est.)

Hongkong

agricultural land: 5% (2011 est.) arable land: 3.2% (2011 est.) / permanent crops: 0.9% (2011 est.) / permanent pasture: 0.9% (2011 est.) forest: 0% (2011 est.) other: 95% (2011 est.)

Location

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia

Ägypten

Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and the Gaza Strip, and the Red Sea north of Sudan, and includes the Asian Sinai Peninsula

Hongkong

Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China

Age structure

Bosnien und Herzegowina

0-14 years: 13.14% (male 258,937/female 241,581)

15-64 years: 69% (male 1,319,995/female 1,307,304)

65 years and over: 17.86% (2023 est.) (male 277,555/female 402,392)

Ägypten

0-14 years: 34.37% (male 19,381,371/female 18,271,080)

15-64 years: 60.27% (male 33,921,778/female 32,102,087)

65 years and over: 5.36% (2023 est.) (male 2,976,765/female 2,893,639)

Hongkong

0-14 years: 12.38% (male 471,983 /female 420,977) 15-24 years: 9.89% (male 372,991 /female 340,221) 25-54 years: 43.96% (male 1,354,676 /female 1,816,303) 55-64 years: 16.64% (male 571,329 /female 628,774) 65 years and over: 17.14% (male 580,248 /female 655,836) (2018 est.)

Birth rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

8.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Ägypten

20.5 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Hongkong

8.8 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Death rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

10.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Ägypten

4.3 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Hongkong

7.60

Languages

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Bosnian)

Knjiga svetskih činjenica, neophodan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Serbian)

Knjiga svjetskih činjenica, nužan izvor osnovnih informacija. (Croatian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Ägypten

Arabic (official), English, and French widely understood by educated classes

major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، أفضل مصدر للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Hongkong

Cantonese (official) 88.9%, English (official) 4.3%, Mandarin (official) 1.9%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 1.9% (2016 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total population: 78.2 years (2023 est.)

male: 75.3 years

female: 81.4 years

Ägypten

total population: 74.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 73.5 years

female: 76 years

Hongkong

83.10

Major urban areas - population

Bosnien und Herzegowina

346,000 SARAJEVO (capital) (2023)

Ägypten

22.183 million CAIRO (capital), 5.588 million Alexandria, 778,000 Bur Sa'id (2023)

Hongkong

7.429 million Hong Kong (2018)

Median age

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 44.4 years (2023 est.)

male: 42.7 years

female: 46.1 years

Ägypten

total: 24.1 years (2023 est.)

male: 24.1 years

female: 24.1 years

Hongkong

total: 44.8 years male: 43.7 years female: 45.5 years (2018 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

Bosnien und Herzegowina

27.7 years (2019 est.)

Ägypten

22.6 years (2014 est.)

note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49

Hongkong

29.8 years (2008 est.)

Net migration rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Ägypten

-0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Hongkong

1.7 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.)

Population distribution

Bosnien und Herzegowina

the northern and central areas of the country are the most densely populated

Ägypten

approximately 95% of the population lives within 20 km of the Nile River and its delta; vast areas of the country remain sparsely populated or uninhabited as shown in this population distribution map

Hongkong

population fairly evenly distributed

Population growth rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

-0.23% (2023 est.)

Ägypten

1.59% (2023 est.)

Hongkong

0.29% (2018 est.)

Total fertility rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

1.37 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Ägypten

2.76 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Hongkong

1.2 children born/woman (2018 est.)

Urbanization

Bosnien und Herzegowina

urban population: 50.3% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Ägypten

urban population: 43.1% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 1.9% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Hongkong

rate of urbanization: 0.82% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Education expenditures

Bosnien und Herzegowina

NA

Ägypten

2.5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Hongkong

3.30

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 15 years (2014)

Ägypten

total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 14 years (2018)

Hongkong

female: 16 years (2014)

Hongkong

3.80

Hongkong

26.60

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Bosnien und Herzegowina

2.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Ägypten

-8.6% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Hongkong

5.2% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Hongkong

$455,900,000,000

Industrial production growth rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

8.87% (2021 est.)

Ägypten

-1.09% (2021 est.)

Hongkong

1.70

Hongkong

8.7

Hongkong

$61,500

Hongkong

3,965,000

Hongkong

3.10

Labor force

Bosnien und Herzegowina

1.169 million (2021 est.)

Ägypten

30.179 million (2021 est.)

Hongkong

3,965,000

Population below poverty line

Bosnien und Herzegowina

16.9% (2015 est.)

Ägypten

32.5% (2017 est.)

Hongkong

19.9% (2016 est.)

Unemployment rate

Bosnien und Herzegowina

15.22% (2021 est.)

15.27% (2020 est.)

15.69% (2019 est.)

note: official rate; actual rate is lower as many technically unemployed persons work in the gray economy

Ägypten

9.33% (2021 est.)

9.17% (2020 est.)

7.84% (2019 est.)

Hongkong

3.1% (2017 est.) 3.4% (2016 est.)

Hongkong

total: 8.7% male: 9.3% female: 8.2% (2017 est.)

Hongkong

0.10

Public debt

Bosnien und Herzegowina

46.05% of GDP (2020 est.)

44.63% of GDP (2019 est.)

45.56% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: data cover general government debt and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions.

Ägypten

103% of GDP (2017 est.)

96.8% of GDP (2016 est.)

note: data cover central government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions

Hongkong

0.10

Hongkong

1.50

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Bosnien und Herzegowina

1.98% (2021 est.)

-1.05% (2020 est.)

0.56% (2019 est.)

Ägypten

5.21% (2021 est.)

5.04% (2020 est.)

9.15% (2019 est.)

Hongkong

1.50

Hongkong

1.75

Hongkong

1.75

Hongkong

$537,800,000,000

Exports

Bosnien und Herzegowina

$9.948 billion (2021 est.)

$6.936 billion (2020 est.)

$8.199 billion (2019 est.)

note: Data are in current year dollars and do not include illicit exports or re-exports.

Ägypten

$58.339 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$40.102 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$53.523 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Hongkong

$537,800,000,000

Exports - partners

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Germany 14%, Italy 12%, Croatia 11%, Serbia 11%, Austria 9%, Slovenia 8% (2019)

Ägypten

United States 8%, Turkey 7%, Greece 7%, Italy 6%, India 5% (2021)

Hongkong

China 54.1%, US 7.7% (2017)

Hongkong

$561,800,000,000

Imports

Bosnien und Herzegowina

$12.726 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$9.726 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$11.156 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Ägypten

$94.039 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$72.482 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$78.951 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Hongkong

$561,800,000,000

Imports - partners

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Croatia 15%, Serbia 13%, Germany 10%, Italy 9%, Slovenia 7%, China 6% (2019)

Ägypten

China 18%, Saudi Arabia 9%, United States 6%, Russia 5%, Turkey 5% (2021)

Hongkong

China 44.6%, Singapore 6.4%, Japan 6.1%, South Korea 5.5%, US 5.2% (2017)

Hongkong

$2,200,000,000,000

Hongkong

$2,036,000,000,000

Hongkong

$2.036 trillion (31 December 2017 est.) $1.538 trillion (31 December 2016 est.)

Hongkong

$2,200,000,000,000

Hongkong

35,970,000,000

Hongkong

41,840,000,000

Hongkong

1,205,000,000

Hongkong

11,620,000,000

Hongkong

2017 est.

Hongkong

2015 est.

Hongkong

2015 est.

Hongkong

2017 est.

Hongkong

2017 est.

Hongkong

3,370,000,000

Hongkong

4,266,837

Hongkong

18,340,347

Hongkong

6,066,000

Hongkong

2,645,752

Hongkong

2

Hongkong

2,107

Airports

Bosnien und Herzegowina

24 (2021)

Ägypten

83 (2021)

Hongkong

2

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 770,424 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 24 (2020 est.)

Ägypten

total: 9,349,469 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)

Hongkong

total: 2,645,752 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 37 (2017 est.)

Hongkong

0

Hongkong

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Hongkong

0 bbl/day (2017 est.)

Hongkong

41,840,000,000

Hongkong

1,205,000,000

Hongkong

11,620,000,000

Hongkong

35,970,000,000

Internet users

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 2.508 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 76% (2021 est.)

Ägypten

total: 79.2 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 72% (2021 est.)

Hongkong

total: 6.066 million (July 2016 est.)

Hongkong

0

Hongkong

3.37 billion cu m (2017 est.)

Hongkong

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Railways

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 965 km (2014)

standard gauge: 965 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (565 km electrified)

Ägypten

total: 5,085 km (2014)

standard gauge: 5,085 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (62 km electrified)

Roadways

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total: 22,926 km (2010)

paved: 19,426 km (2010) (4,652 km of interurban roads)

unpaved: 3,500 km (2010)

Ägypten

total: 65,050 km (2018)

paved: 48,000 km (2018)

unpaved: 17,050 km (2018)

Hongkong

2,107

Telephones - fixed lines

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total subscriptions: 689,295 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 21 (2021 est.)

Ägypten

total subscriptions: 11,030,900 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10 (2021 est.)

Hongkong

total subscriptions: 4,266,837 (2017 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 59 (2017 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Bosnien und Herzegowina

total subscriptions: 3,728,775 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 114 (2021 est.)

Ägypten

total subscriptions: 103,449,427 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 95 (2021 est.)

Hongkong

18,340,347

Waterways

Bosnien und Herzegowina

990 km (2022) (Sava River on northern border; open to shipping but use limited)

Ägypten

3,500 km (2018) (includes the Nile River, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway, and numerous smaller canals in Nile Delta; the Suez Canal (193.5 km including approaches) is navigable by oceangoing vessels drawing up to 17.68 m)

Disputes - international

Bosnien und Herzegowina

Bosnia and Herzegovina-Serbia: Serbia delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and Herzegovina, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute.

Bosnia and Herzegovina-Croatia: none identified

Bosnia and Herzegovina-Montenegro: none identified

Ägypten

Egypt-Gaza Strip: constructed a barrier and established a buffer zone on its border with Gaza to halt the passage of weapons and militants through cross-border smuggling tunnels and pressure the Palestinian HAMAS terrorist group that runs the Gaza Strip

Egypt-Ethiopia: Ethiopia's construction of a large dam (the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam) on the Blue Nile in northern Ethiopia since 2011 has become a focal point of relations with Egypt and Sudan; Egypt has described the giant hydroelectric project as an existential threat because of its potential to control the flow of the river that is a key source of water for the country; Ethiopia completed filling the dam in 2023

Hongkong

Hong Kong plans to reduce its 2,800-hectare Frontier Closed Area (FCA) to 400 hectares by 2015; the FCA was established in 1951 as a buffer zone between Hong Kong and mainland China to prevent illegal migration from and the smuggling of goods