Daten & Fakten
Tunesien
Guatemala
Peru
Capital
Tunesien
name: Tunis
geographic coordinates: 36 48 N, 10 11 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: three possibilities exist for the derivation of the name; originally a Berber settlement (earliest reference 4th century B.C.), the strategic site fell to the Carthaginians (Phoenicians) and the city could be named after the Punic goddess Tanit, since many ancient cities were named after patron deities; alternatively, the Berber root word "ens," which means "to lie down" or "to pass the night," may indicate that the site was originally a camp or rest stop; finally, the name may be the same as the city of Tynes, mentioned in the writings of some ancient authors
geographic coordinates: 36 48 N, 10 11 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: three possibilities exist for the derivation of the name; originally a Berber settlement (earliest reference 4th century B.C.), the strategic site fell to the Carthaginians (Phoenicians) and the city could be named after the Punic goddess Tanit, since many ancient cities were named after patron deities; alternatively, the Berber root word "ens," which means "to lie down" or "to pass the night," may indicate that the site was originally a camp or rest stop; finally, the name may be the same as the city of Tynes, mentioned in the writings of some ancient authors
Guatemala
name: Guatemala City
geographic coordinates: 14 37 N, 90 31 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called "Quauhtemallan" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means "land of trees" or "forested land", but which the Spanish pronounced "Guatemala"; the Spanish applied that name to a re-founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country
geographic coordinates: 14 37 N, 90 31 W
time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the Spanish conquistadors used many native Americans as allies in their conquest of Guatemala; the site of their first capital (established in 1524), a former Maya settlement, was called "Quauhtemallan" by their Nahuatl-speaking Mexican allies, a name that means "land of trees" or "forested land", but which the Spanish pronounced "Guatemala"; the Spanish applied that name to a re-founded capital city three years later and eventually it became the name of the country
Peru
name: Lima
geographic coordinates: 12 03 S, 77 03 W
time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the word "Lima" derives from the Spanish pronunciation of "Limaq," the native name for the valley in which the city was founded in 1535; "limaq" means "talker" in coastal Quechua and referred to an oracle that was situated in the valley but which was eventually destroyed by the Spanish and replaced with a church
geographic coordinates: 12 03 S, 77 03 W
time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the word "Lima" derives from the Spanish pronunciation of "Limaq," the native name for the valley in which the city was founded in 1535; "limaq" means "talker" in coastal Quechua and referred to an oracle that was situated in the valley but which was eventually destroyed by the Spanish and replaced with a church
Citizenship
Tunesien
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tunisia
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Tunisia
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Guatemala
citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years with no absences of six consecutive months or longer or absences totaling more than a year
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years with no absences of six consecutive months or longer or absences totaling more than a year
Peru
citizenship by birth: yes
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 2 years
citizenship by descent only: yes
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 2 years
Legal system
Tunesien
mixed legal system of civil law, based on the French civil code and Islamic (sharia) law; some judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court in joint session
Guatemala
civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts
Peru
civil law system
Suffrage
Tunesien
18 years of age; universal except for active government security forces (including the police and the military), people with mental disabilities, people who have served more than three months in prison (criminal cases only), and people given a suspended sentence of more than six months
Guatemala
18 years of age; universal; note - active duty members of the armed forces and police by law cannot vote and are restricted to their barracks on election day
Peru
18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70
Area
Tunesien
total: 163,610 sq km
land: 155,360 sq km
water: 8,250 sq km
land: 155,360 sq km
water: 8,250 sq km
Guatemala
total: 108,889 sq km
land: 107,159 sq km
water: 1,730 sq km
land: 107,159 sq km
water: 1,730 sq km
Peru
total: 1,285,216 sq km
land: 1,279,996 sq km
water: 5,220 sq km
land: 1,279,996 sq km
water: 5,220 sq km
Land use
Tunesien
agricultural land: 64.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 18.3% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 15.4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 31.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 6.6% (2018 est.)
other: 28.6% (2018 est.)
arable land: 18.3% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 15.4% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 31.1% (2018 est.)
forest: 6.6% (2018 est.)
other: 28.6% (2018 est.)
Guatemala
agricultural land: 41.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 14.2% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 8.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 18.2% (2018 est.)
forest: 33.6% (2018 est.)
other: 25.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 14.2% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 8.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 18.2% (2018 est.)
forest: 33.6% (2018 est.)
other: 25.2% (2018 est.)
Peru
agricultural land: 18.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 14.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 53% (2018 est.)
other: 28.2% (2018 est.)
arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 14.6% (2018 est.)
forest: 53% (2018 est.)
other: 28.2% (2018 est.)
Location
Tunesien
Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Libya
Guatemala
Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico, and bordering the Gulf of Honduras (Caribbean Sea) between Honduras and Belize
Peru
Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador
Age structure
Tunesien
0-14 years: 24.77% (male 1,529,179/female 1,436,771)
15-64 years: 65.26% (male 3,843,642/female 3,971,509)
65 years and over: 9.98% (2023 est.) (male 566,265/female 628,816)
15-64 years: 65.26% (male 3,843,642/female 3,971,509)
65 years and over: 9.98% (2023 est.) (male 566,265/female 628,816)
Guatemala
0-14 years: 31.98% (male 2,927,423/female 2,822,441)
15-64 years: 62.78% (male 5,568,051/female 5,720,928)
65 years and over: 5.24% (2023 est.) (male 420,782/female 521,178)
15-64 years: 62.78% (male 5,568,051/female 5,720,928)
65 years and over: 5.24% (2023 est.) (male 420,782/female 521,178)
Peru
0-14 years: 26.04% (male 4,311,243/female 4,136,849)
15-64 years: 65.94% (male 10,452,598/female 10,937,233)
65 years and over: 8.02% (2023 est.) (male 1,134,587/female 1,467,662)
15-64 years: 65.94% (male 10,452,598/female 10,937,233)
65 years and over: 8.02% (2023 est.) (male 1,134,587/female 1,467,662)
Birth rate
Tunesien
14.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Guatemala
21.9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Peru
17 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
Tunesien
6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Guatemala
4.9 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Peru
11 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Languages
Tunesien
Arabic (official, one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce), Berber (Tamazight); note - despite having no official status, French plays a major role in the country and is spoken by about two thirds of the population
major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، أحسن كتاب تتعلم به المعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)
The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
كتاب حقائق العالم، أحسن كتاب تتعلم به المعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)
The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Guatemala
Spanish (official) 69.9%, Maya languages 29.7% (Q'eqchi' 8.3%, K'iche 7.8%, Mam 4.4%, Kaqchikel 3%, Q'anjob'al 1.2%, Poqomchi' 1%, other 4%), other 0.4% (includes Xinca and Garifuna); note - the 2003 Law of National Languages officially recognized 23 indigenous languages, including 21 Maya languages, Xinca, and Garifuna (2018 est.)
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Peru
Spanish (official) 82.9%, Quechua (official) 13.6%, Aymara (official) 1.6%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.8%, other (includes foreign languages and sign language) 0.2%, none 0.1%, unspecified 0.7% (2017 est.)
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Life expectancy at birth
Tunesien
total population: 77.1 years (2023 est.)
male: 75.4 years
female: 78.8 years
male: 75.4 years
female: 78.8 years
Guatemala
total population: 73.2 years (2023 est.)
male: 71.2 years
female: 75.3 years
male: 71.2 years
female: 75.3 years
Peru
total population: 68.9 years (2023 est.)
male: 65.4 years
female: 72.7 years
male: 65.4 years
female: 72.7 years
Major urban areas - population
Tunesien
2.475 million TUNIS (capital) (2023)
Guatemala
3.095 million GUATEMALA CITY (capital) (2023)
Peru
11.204 million LIMA (capital), 959,000 Arequipa, 904,000 Trujillo (2023)
Median age
Tunesien
total: 34 years (2023 est.)
male: 33.2 years
female: 34.7 years
male: 33.2 years
female: 34.7 years
Guatemala
total: 24.4 years (2023 est.)
male: 23.8 years
female: 25 years
male: 23.8 years
female: 25 years
Peru
total: 30.1 years (2023 est.)
male: 29.1 years
female: 31.1 years
male: 29.1 years
female: 31.1 years
Guatemala
20.6 years (2014/15 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Peru
21.9 years (2013 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Net migration rate
Tunesien
-1.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Guatemala
-1.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Peru
-0.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
Tunesien
the overwhelming majority of the population is located in the northern half of the country; the south remains largely underpopulated as shown in this population distribution map
Guatemala
the vast majority of the populace resides in the southern half of the country, particularly in the mountainous regions; more than half of the population lives in rural areas
Peru
approximately one-third of the population resides along the desert coastal belt in the west, with a strong focus on the capital city of Lima; the Andean highlands, or sierra, which is strongly identified with the country's Amerindian population, contains roughly half of the overall population; the eastern slopes of the Andes, and adjoining rainforest, are sparsely populated
Population growth rate
Tunesien
0.63% (2023 est.)
Guatemala
1.54% (2023 est.)
Peru
0.5% (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
Tunesien
1.96 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Guatemala
2.57 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Peru
2.18 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Urbanization
Tunesien
urban population: 70.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Guatemala
urban population: 53.1% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 2.59% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 2.59% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Peru
urban population: 78.9% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
rate of urbanization: 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Education expenditures
Tunesien
7.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Guatemala
3.1% of GDP (2021 est.)
Peru
4% of GDP (2021 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Tunesien
total: 15 years
male: 14 years
female: 16 years (2016)
male: 14 years
female: 16 years (2016)
Guatemala
total: 11 years
male: 11 years
female: 10 years (2019)
male: 11 years
female: 10 years (2019)
Peru
total: 15 years
male: 15 years
female: 15 years (2017)
male: 15 years
female: 15 years (2017)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Tunesien
-5.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Guatemala
-1.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Peru
-3.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
Tunesien
8.6% (2021 est.)
Guatemala
8.49% (2021 est.)
Peru
16.44% (2021 est.)
Labor force
Tunesien
4.226 million (2021 est.)
Guatemala
6.671 million (2021 est.)
Peru
18.352 million (2021 est.)
note: individuals older than 14 years of age
note: individuals older than 14 years of age
Population below poverty line
Tunesien
15.2% (2015 est.)
Guatemala
59.3% (2014 est.)
Peru
20.2% (2019 est.)
Unemployment rate
Tunesien
16.82% (2021 est.)
16.59% (2020 est.)
15.13% (2019 est.)
16.59% (2020 est.)
15.13% (2019 est.)
Guatemala
3.57% (2021 est.)
3.55% (2020 est.)
2.19% (2019 est.)
3.55% (2020 est.)
2.19% (2019 est.)
Peru
4.83% (2021 est.)
7.18% (2020 est.)
3.38% (2019 est.)
note: data are for metropolitan Lima; widespread underemployment
7.18% (2020 est.)
3.38% (2019 est.)
note: data are for metropolitan Lima; widespread underemployment
Public debt
Tunesien
70.3% of GDP (2017 est.)
62.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
62.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Guatemala
31.56% of GDP (2020 est.)
26.49% of GDP (2019 est.)
26.48% of GDP (2018 est.)
26.49% of GDP (2019 est.)
26.48% of GDP (2018 est.)
Peru
34.67% of GDP (2020 est.)
26.54% of GDP (2019 est.)
25.7% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued by government entities other than the treasury; the data exclude treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities
26.54% of GDP (2019 est.)
25.7% of GDP (2018 est.)
note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued by government entities other than the treasury; the data exclude treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Tunesien
5.71% (2021 est.)
5.63% (2020 est.)
6.72% (2019 est.)
5.63% (2020 est.)
6.72% (2019 est.)
Guatemala
4.26% (2021 est.)
3.21% (2020 est.)
3.7% (2019 est.)
3.21% (2020 est.)
3.7% (2019 est.)
Peru
4.27% (2021 est.)
2% (2020 est.)
2.25% (2019 est.)
note: data are for metropolitan Lima, annual average
2% (2020 est.)
2.25% (2019 est.)
note: data are for metropolitan Lima, annual average
Exports
Tunesien
$19.743 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$16.017 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$19.175 billion (2019 est.)
$16.017 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$19.175 billion (2019 est.)
Guatemala
$15.318 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$12.713 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$13.598 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$12.713 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$13.598 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Peru
$66.098 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$45.624 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$54.676 billion (2019 est.)
$45.624 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$54.676 billion (2019 est.)
Exports - partners
Tunesien
France 29%, Italy 17%, Germany 13% (2019)
Guatemala
United States 32%, El Salvador 12%, Honduras 10%, Nicaragua 6%, Mexico 4% (2021)
Peru
China 29%, United States 12%, Canada 5%, South Korea 5%, Switzerland 5% (2019)
Imports
Tunesien
$24.269 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$19.603 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$23.546 billion (2019 est.)
$19.603 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$23.546 billion (2019 est.)
Guatemala
$27.388 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$19.267 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$21.527 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$19.267 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$21.527 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
Peru
$58.611 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$42.093 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$51.778 billion (2019 est.)
$42.093 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars
$51.778 billion (2019 est.)
Imports - partners
Tunesien
France 17%, Italy 16%, Germany 8%, China 8%, Algeria 7% (2019)
Guatemala
United States 33%, China 17%, Mexico 9%, El Salvador 5%, Costa Rica 3% (2021)
Peru
China 24%, United States 22%, Brazil 6% (2019)
Airports
Tunesien
29 (2021)
Guatemala
291 (2021)
Peru
191 (2021)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
Tunesien
total: 1,334,059 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est.)
Guatemala
total: 612,000 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2020 est.)
Peru
total: 3.044 million (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 9 (2020 est.)
Internet users
Tunesien
total: 9.48 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 79% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 79% (2021 est.)
Guatemala
total: 9.18 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 51% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 51% (2021 est.)
Peru
total: 24.14 million (2021 est.)
percent of population: 71% (2021 est.)
percent of population: 71% (2021 est.)
Railways
Tunesien
total: 2,173 km (2014) (1,991 in use)
standard gauge: 471 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 1,694 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge (65 km electrified)
dual gauge: 8 km (2014) 1.435-1.000-m gauge
standard gauge: 471 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 1,694 km (2014) 1.000-m gauge (65 km electrified)
dual gauge: 8 km (2014) 1.435-1.000-m gauge
Guatemala
total: 800 km (2018)
narrow gauge: 800 km (2018) 0.914-m gauge
note: despite the existence of a railway network, all rail service was suspended in 2007 and no passenger or freight train currently runs in the country (2018)
narrow gauge: 800 km (2018) 0.914-m gauge
note: despite the existence of a railway network, all rail service was suspended in 2007 and no passenger or freight train currently runs in the country (2018)
Peru
total: 1,854.4 km (2017)
standard gauge: 1,730.4 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (34 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 124 km (2014) 0.914-m gauge
standard gauge: 1,730.4 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (34 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 124 km (2014) 0.914-m gauge
Roadways
Tunesien
paved: 20,000 km (2015)
Guatemala
total: 17,440 km (2020)
paved: 7,458 km (2020)
unpaved: 9,982 km (2020) (includes 4,548 km of rural roads)
paved: 7,458 km (2020)
unpaved: 9,982 km (2020) (includes 4,548 km of rural roads)
Peru
total: 18,699 km (2018)
paved: 18,699 km
note: includes 27,109 km of national roads (21,434 km paved), 247,505 km of departmental roads (3,623 km paved), and 113,857 km of local roads (1,858 km paved)
paved: 18,699 km
note: includes 27,109 km of national roads (21,434 km paved), 247,505 km of departmental roads (3,623 km paved), and 113,857 km of local roads (1,858 km paved)
Telephones - fixed lines
Tunesien
total subscriptions: 1.7 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14 (2021 est.)
Guatemala
total subscriptions: 2,319,643 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 13 (2021 est.)
Peru
total subscriptions: 2,266,025 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2021 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
Tunesien
total subscriptions: 16 million (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 130 (2021 est.)
Guatemala
total subscriptions: 22,124,839 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 126 (2021 est.)
Peru
total subscriptions: 43,129,394 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 128 (2021 est.)
Guatemala
990 km (2012) (260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during high-water season)
Peru
8,808 km (2011) (8,600 km of navigable tributaries on the Amazon River system and 208 km on Lago Titicaca)
Disputes - international
Tunesien
none identified
Guatemala
Guatemala-Belize: demarcated but disputed boundary due to Guatemala’s claims to more than half of Belizean territory; line of Adjacency operates in lieu of an international boundary to control influx of Guatemalan squatters onto Belizean territory; smuggling, narcotics trafficking, and human trafficking are also problems; the dispute was referred to the ICJ in 2019 for binding resolution; the 12-nm territorial sea claims of Belize and Honduras close off Guatemalan access to Caribbean in the Bahia de Amatique; maritime boundary remains unresolved pending further negotiation
Guatemala-Mexico: thousands of impoverished Guatemalans and other Central Americans cross the porous border with Mexico looking for work in Mexico and the US
Peru
Peru-Bolivia: Peru rejects Bolivia's claim to restore maritime access through a sovereign corridor through Chile along the Peruvian border
Peru-Brazil: none identified
Peru-Chile: Bolivia continues to press for a sovereign corridor to the Pacific Ocean; any concession Chile makes to Bolivia to grant them a sovereign corridor requires approval by Peru under the terms of their treaty; in January 2018, the International Court of Justice ruled that Chile is not legally obligated to negotiate a sovereign corridor to the Pacific Ocean with Bolivia
Peru-Chile-Ecuador: Chile and Ecuador rejected Peru's November 2005 unilateral legislation to shift the axis of their joint treaty-defined maritime boundaries along the parallels of latitude to equidistance lines out to 200 nautical miles, which would give Peru 37,900 square kilometers of water
Peru-Colombia: organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia have penetrated Peru's shared border; problems also include cross border illegal migration, human trafficking, and contraband smuggling
Peru-Ecuador: in 1999, Tiwinza memorial park was created on lands that remains sovereign Peruvian territory, but Ecuador has the right to maintain and administer it in perpetuity
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