Capital

Litauen

name: Vilnius

geographic coordinates: 54 41 N, 25 19 E

time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

etymology: named after the Vilnia River, which flows into the Neris River at Vilnius; the river name derives from the Lithuanian word "vilnis" meaning "a surge"

Citizenship

Litauen

citizenship by birth: no

citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Lithuania

dual citizenship recognized: no

residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Legal system

Litauen

civil law system; legislative acts can be appealed to the Constitutional Court

Suffrage

Litauen

18 years of age; universal

Area

Litauen

total: 65,300 sq km

land: 62,680 sq km

water: 2,620 sq km

Land use

Litauen

agricultural land: 44.8% (2018 est.)

arable land: 34.9% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0.5% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 9.4% (2018 est.)

forest: 34.6% (2018 est.)

other: 20.6% (2018 est.)

Location

Litauen

Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia, west of Belarus

Age structure

Litauen

0-14 years: 15.3% (male 208,669/female 197,728)

15-64 years: 63.11% (male 821,319/female 854,763)

65 years and over: 21.59% (2023 est.) (male 197,217/female 376,059)

Birth rate

Litauen

9.1 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Litauen

15.2 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Litauen

Lithuanian (official) 85.3%, Russian 6.8%, Polish 5.1%, other 1.1%, two mother tongues 1.7% (2021 est.)

major-language sample(s):
Pasaulio enciklopedija – naudingas bendrosios informacijos šaltinis. (Lithuanian)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Life expectancy at birth

Litauen

total population: 76 years (2023 est.)

male: 70.6 years

female: 81.6 years

Major urban areas - population

Litauen

541,000 VILNIUS (capital) (2023)

Median age

Litauen

total: 45 years (2023 est.)

male: 40.6 years

female: 49 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

Litauen

28.2 years (2020 est.)

Net migration rate

Litauen

-4.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Litauen

fairly even population distribution throughout the country, but somewhat greater concentrations in the southern cities of Vilnius and Kaunas, and the western port of Klaipeda

Population growth rate

Litauen

-1.04% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Litauen

1.61 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Litauen

urban population: 68.7% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: -0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Litauen

4% of GDP (2019 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

Litauen

total: 16 years

male: 16 years

female: 17 years (2020)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Litauen

0.5% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Litauen

8.58% (2021 est.)

Labor force

Litauen

1.476 million (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

Litauen

20.6% (2018 est.)

Unemployment rate

Litauen

7.9% (2021 est.)

8.49% (2020 est.)

6.26% (2019 est.)

Public debt

Litauen

53.28% of GDP (2020 est.)

42.66% of GDP (2019 est.)

39% of GDP (2018 est.)

note: official data; data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities, debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Litauen

4.68% (2021 est.)

1.2% (2020 est.)

2.33% (2019 est.)

Exports

Litauen

$53.397 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$41.721 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$42.323 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Exports - partners

Litauen

Russia 10%, Latvia 9%, Germany 8%, Poland 7%, United States 6% (2021)

Imports

Litauen

$50.377 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$36.414 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$39.419 billion (2019 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

Imports - partners

Litauen

Poland 12%, Germany 12%, Russia 11%, Latvia 8%, Netherlands 5% (2021)

Airports

Litauen

61 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Litauen

total: 796,814 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 29 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Litauen

total: 2.436 million (2021 est.)

percent of population: 87% (2021 est.)

Railways

Litauen

total: 1,911 km (2020) 152 km electrified

Roadways

Litauen

total: 84,166 km (2012)

paved: 72,297 km (2012) (includes 312 km of expressways)

unpaved: 11,869 km (2012)

Telephones - fixed lines

Litauen

total subscriptions: 290,711 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Litauen

total subscriptions: 3,726,653 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 134 (2021 est.)

Waterways

Litauen

441 km (2007) (navigable year-round)

Disputes - international

Litauen

Lithuania-Belarus: as of January 2007, ground demarcation of the boundary with Belarus was complete and mapped with final ratification documents in preparation

Lithuania-Lativa: boundary demarcated with Latvia was completed in 1998

Lithuania-Russia: Lithuania and Russia committed to demarcating their boundary in 2006 in accordance with the land and maritime treaty ratified by Russia in May 2003 and by Lithuania in 1999; Lithuania operates a simplified transit regime for Russian nationals traveling from the Kaliningrad coastal exclave into Russia, while still conforming, as a EU member state having an external border with a non-EU member, to strict Schengen border rules; in January 2018, demarcation of the Lithuania-Russia border was completed