Daten & Fakten - Grönland

Capital

Grönland

name: Nuuk (Godthaab)

geographic coordinates: 64 11 N, 51 45 W

time difference: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

time zone note: Greenland has four time zones

etymology: "nuuk" is the Inuit word for "cape" and refers to the city's position at the end of the Nuup Kangerlua fjord

Citizenship

Grönland

see Denmark

Legal system

Grönland

the laws of Denmark apply where applicable and Greenlandic law applies to other areas

Suffrage

Grönland

18 years of age; universal

Area

Grönland

total: 2,166,086 sq km

land: 2,166,086 sq km (approximately 1,710,000 sq km ice-covered)

Land use

Grönland

agricultural land: 0.6% (2018 est.)

arable land: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.)

permanent pasture: 0.6% (2018 est.)

forest: 0% (2018 est.)

other: 99.4% (2018 est.)

Location

Grönland

Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada

Age structure

Grönland

0-14 years: 20.46% (male 5,992/female 5,827)

15-64 years: 67.66% (male 20,271/female 18,820)

65 years and over: 11.89% (2023 est.) (male 3,641/female 3,226)

Birth rate

Grönland

13.7 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

Grönland

9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Languages

Grönland

Greenlandic (West Greenlandic or Kalaallisut is the official language), Danish, English

Life expectancy at birth

Grönland

total population: 74.3 years (2023 est.)

male: 71.6 years

female: 77.1 years

Major urban areas - population

Grönland

18,000 NUUK (capital) (2018)

Median age

Grönland

total: 35 years (2023 est.)

male: 35.7 years

female: 34.4 years

Net migration rate

Grönland

-5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

Grönland

settlement concentrated on the southwest shoreline, with limited settlements scattered along the remaining coast; interior is uninhabited

Population growth rate

Grönland

-0.04% (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

Grönland

1.9 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Urbanization

Grönland

urban population: 87.9% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Education expenditures

Grönland

10.2% of GDP (2019 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

Grönland

5.6% (of GDP) (2016 est.)

Industrial production growth rate

Grönland

8.56% (2019 est.) NA

Labor force

Grönland

26,840 (2015 est.)

Population below poverty line

Grönland

16.2% (2015 est.)

Unemployment rate

Grönland

9.1% (2015 est.)

10.3% (2014 est.)

Public debt

Grönland

13% of GDP (2015 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Grönland

0.3% (January 2017 est.)

1.2% (January 2016 est.)

Exports

Grönland

$407.1 million (2015 est.)

$599.7 million (2014 est.)

Exports - partners

Grönland

Denmark 55%, China 22%, Japan 6% (2019)

Imports

Grönland

$783.5 million (2015 est.)

$866.1 million (2014 est.)

Imports - partners

Grönland

Denmark 51%, Spain 23%, Sweden 12%, Iceland 7% (2019)

Airports

Grönland

15 (2021)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

Grönland

total: 15,649 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 28 (2020 est.)

Internet users

Grönland

total: 38,920 (2021 est.)

percent of population: 69.5% (2021 est.)

Roadways

Grönland

note: although there are short roads in towns, there are no roads between towns; inter-urban transport is either by sea or by air

Telephones - fixed lines

Grönland

total subscriptions: 6,352 (2020 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 11 (2020 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

Grönland

total subscriptions: 66,605 (2021 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 118 (2021 est.)

Disputes - international

Grönland

in 2022, Canada and Denmark signed an agreement resolving a managed dispute over uninhabited Tartupaluk/Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland